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19 results for “Arvicola”
Text-fig. 13. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for pre-Eemian (time slice 5) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 13. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for pre-Eemian (time slice 5) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain.
Text-fig. 11. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Würmian/Weichselian (time slice 3) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and extant Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 11. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Würmian/Weichselian (time slice 3) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and extant Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain.
Text-fig. 12. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Eemian (time slice 4) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 12. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Eemian (time slice 4) Arvicola samples from different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis and Arvicola sapidus. Empty dotted ovals indicate the range of extant Arvicola ex gr. amphibius samples from Italy (cyan) and from the other European locations (green) Abbreviations: FR – France, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain.
Text-fig. 10. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Extant (time slice 1 and 2) Arvicola samples of different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis. Abbreviations: EU – Europe, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 10. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for Extant (time slice 1 and 2) Arvicola samples of different geographical provenances compared with M. savini-A. mosbachensis. Abbreviations: EU – Europe, GE – Germany, IT – Italy, SP – Spain.
Text-fig. 9. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances and ages. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 9. Scatter diagram of m1 length vs SDQ for M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances and ages.
Text-fig. 7. Diagram showing the variation of the size (L) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 7. Diagram showing the variation of the size (L) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances.
Text-fig. 8. Scatter diagram of SDQ vs A/L M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances and ages. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 8. Scatter diagram of SDQ vs A/L M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances and ages.
Text-fig. 6. Diagram showing the variation of the enamel pattern (index SDQ) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 6. Diagram showing the variation of the enamel pattern (index SDQ) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances.
Text-fig. 5. Diagram showing the variation of Anteroconid length (index A/L) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 5. Diagram showing the variation of Anteroconid length (index A/L) vs Time slices in m1s of M. savini and Arvicola from different geographical provenances.
Text-fig. 1. SDQ vs stratigraphic time in samples of Mimomys savini and Arvicola from various Italian and German localities (in brackets: sample size), showing a parallel trend starting from ca. 200 ka. From Maul et al. (1998b: fig. 4), modified. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 1. SDQ vs stratigraphic time in samples of Mimomys savini and Arvicola from various Italian and German localities (in brackets: sample size), showing a parallel trend starting from ca. 200 ka. From Maul et al. (1998b: fig. 4), modified.
Text-fig. 4. Location Map of the examined water vole localities. From Masini et al. (2007), modified. 1: Madrid, surroundings, 2: Graz, 3: Eisfeld, 4: Langen, 5: Delta Po, 6: Rovigo, 7: Ferrara, 8: Calabria, 9: Caverna degli Orsi, 10: Arma delle Manie, 11: Riparo Mochi, 12: Grotta di Castelcivita, 13: Grotta della Serratura, 14: Grotta del Romito, 15: Scario Grotta Grande, 16: Grotta di Cucigliana, 17: Upper Valdarno Campitello, 18: Riparo di Visogliano, 19: Isernia La Pineta, 20: Baume Gigny, 21: Baume Moula Guercy, 22: Grotte de L'Eglise, 23: Grotte-Abri Suard, 24: Grotte d'Artenac, 25: Pié Lombard, 26: Abri Vaufrey, 27: Grotte du Lazaret, 28: Abri Gaudry, 29: Pisede, 30: Euerwanger Bühl, 31: Kemathenhöhle, 32: Krockstein (Rübeland 1), 33: Burgtonna, 34: Parkhöhle (Weimar), 35: Stuttgart- Untertürkheim, 36: Taubach, 37: Ehringsdorf, 38: Plaidter-Hummerich, 39: Mosbach, 40: Petersbuch 1, 41: Bilzingsleben, 42: Miesenheim 1, 43: Voigtstedt, 44: Untermassfeld. See Table 1 for symbol explanations. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 4. Location Map of the examined water vole localities. From Masini et al. (2007), modified. 1: Madrid, surroundings, 2: Graz, 3: Eisfeld, 4: Langen, 5: Delta Po, 6: Rovigo, 7: Ferrara, 8: Calabria, 9: Caverna degli Orsi, 10: Arma delle Manie, 11: Riparo Mochi, 12: Grotta di Castelcivita, 13: Grotta della Serratura, 14: Grotta del Romito, 15: Scario Grotta Grande, 16: Grotta di Cucigliana, 17: Upper Valdarno Campitello, 18: Riparo di Visogliano, 19: Isernia La Pineta, 20: Baume Gigny, 21: Baume Moula Guercy, 22: Grotte de L'Eglise, 23: Grotte-Abri Suard, 24: Grotte d'Artenac, 25: Pié Lombard, 26: Abri Vaufrey, 27: Grotte du Lazaret, 28: Abri Gaudry, 29: Pisede, 30: Euerwanger Bühl, 31: Kemathenhöhle, 32: Krockstein (Rübeland 1), 33: Burgtonna, 34: Parkhöhle (Weimar), 35: Stuttgart- Untertürkheim, 36: Taubach, 37: Ehringsdorf, 38: Plaidter-Hummerich, 39: Mosbach, 40: Petersbuch 1, 41: Bilzingsleben, 42: Miesenheim 1, 43: Voigtstedt, 44: Untermassfeld. See Table 1 for symbol explanations.
Text-fig. 3. Scheme of measurement of the first molar of Mimomys and Arvicola adopted in the present work. L – maximal length, A – anteroconid length. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 3. Scheme of measurement of the first molar of Mimomys and Arvicola adopted in the present work. L – maximal length, A – anteroconid length.
Text-fig. 2. Phylogeography based on mitochondrial phylogeny showing several evolutionary lineages of Arvicola and the separation of the Italian lineage of Arvicola, currently A. italicus (lineage A1), from European and Euro-Asiatic groups. From Wust-Saucy (1998: fig. 27), modified. in Independent Water Vole (Mimomys Savini, Arvicola: Rodentia, Mammalia) Lineages In Italy And Central Europe
Text-fig. 2. Phylogeography based on mitochondrial phylogeny showing several evolutionary lineages of Arvicola and the separation of the Italian lineage of Arvicola, currently A. italicus (lineage A1), from European and Euro-Asiatic groups. From Wust-Saucy (1998: fig. 27), modified.
Text-fig. 8. Upper molars of Arvicola ex gr. sapidus MILLER, 1908 from Mikhailovka-5. a–d: M1, e–h: M2, i–q: M3. in Late Pleistocene (Eemian) Mollusk And Small Mammal Fauna From Mikhailovka-5 (Kursk Oblast, Central Russia)
Text-fig. 8. Upper molars of Arvicola ex gr. sapidus MILLER, 1908 from Mikhailovka-5. a–d: M1, e–h: M2, i–q: M3.
Text-fig. 7. Lower molars of Arvicola ex gr. sapidus MILLER, 1908 from Mikhailovka-5. a–g: m1, h–j: m2, k–m: m3. in Late Pleistocene (Eemian) Mollusk And Small Mammal Fauna From Mikhailovka-5 (Kursk Oblast, Central Russia)
Text-fig. 7. Lower molars of Arvicola ex gr. sapidus MILLER, 1908 from Mikhailovka-5. a–g: m1, h–j: m2, k–m: m3.
Text-fig. 9. Enamel differentiation index (SDQ) of Likhvinian (1, 2) and Mikulinian (3, 4) samples of Arvicola from the Russian Plain. in Late Pleistocene (Eemian) Mollusk And Small Mammal Fauna From Mikhailovka-5 (Kursk Oblast, Central Russia)
Text-fig. 9. Enamel differentiation index (SDQ) of Likhvinian (1, 2) and Mikulinian (3, 4) samples of Arvicola from the Russian Plain.
Divergence time estimation using ddRAD data and an isolation-with-migration model applied to water vole populations of Arvicola
<p>Molecular dating methods of population splits are crucial in evolutionary biology, but they present important difficulties due to the complexity of the genealogical relationships of genes and past migrations between populations. Using the double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) technique and an isolation-with-migration (IM) model, we studied the evolutionary history of water vole populations of the genus <em>Arvicola</em>, a group of complex evolution with fossorial and semi-aquatic ecotypes. To do this, we first estimated mutation rates of ddRAD loci using a phylogenetic approach. An IM model was then used to estimate split times and other relevant demographic parameters. A set of 300 ddRAD loci that included 85 calibrated loci resulted in good mixing and model convergence. The results showed that the two populations of <em>A. scherman</em> present in the Iberian Peninsula split 34 thousand years ago, during the last glaciation. In addition, the much greater divergence from its sister species, <em>A. amphibius</em>, may help to clarify the controversial taxonomy of the genus. We conclude that this approach, based on ddRAD data and an IM model, is highly useful for analyzing the origin of populations and species.</p>
Divergence time estimation using ddRAD data and an isolation-with-migration model applied to water vole populations of Arvicola
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On following pages: 79. Eastern Mole Vole (Ellobius tancrei); 80. Alai Mole Vole (Ellobius alaicus); 81. Southern Mole Vole (Ellobius fuscocapillus); 82. Transcaucasian Mole Vole (Ellobius lutescens); 83. Yellow Steppe Lemming (Eolagurus luteus); 84. Przewalski's Steppe Lemming (Eolagurus przewalskii); 85. Steppe Vole (Lagurus lagurus), 86. South-western Water Vole (Arvicola sapidus); 87. Eurasian Water Vole (Arvicola amphibius); 88. Montane Water Vole (Arvicola monticola); 89. Italian Water Vole (Arvicola italicus); 90. Sagebrush Vole (Lemmiscus curtatus); 91. European Snow Vole (Chionomys nivalis); 92. Robert's Snow Vole (Chionomys robert); 93. Gudaur Snow Vole (Chionomys gud); 94. Lazistan Snow Vole (Chionomys lasistanius); 95. Sichuan Vole (Volemys millicens); 96. Marie's Vole (Volemys musseri); 97. Duke of Bedford's Vole (Proedromys bedford); 98. Liangshan Vole (Proedromys liangshanensis); 99. Brandt's Vole (Lasiopodomys brandftil); 100. Mandarin Vole (Lasiopodomys mandarinus); 101. Narrow-headed Vole (Lasiopodomys gregalis); 102. Radde's Vole (Lasiopodomys raddei); 103. Sikkim Mountain Vole (Neodon sikimensis); 104. Linzhi Mountain Vole (Neodon linzhiensis); 105. Clarke's Vole (Neodon clarke); 106. Medog Mountain Vole (Neodon medogensis); 107. Nyalam Mountain Vole (Neodon nyalamensis); 108. Irene Mountain Vole (Neodon irene); 109. Forrest's Mountain Vole (Neodon forresti); 110. Blyth's Mountain Vole (Neodon leucurus); 111. Smoky Mountain Vole (Neodon fuscus). in Cricetidae
On following pages: 79. Eastern Mole Vole (Ellobius tancrei); 80. Alai Mole Vole (Ellobius alaicus); 81. Southern Mole Vole (Ellobius fuscocapillus); 82. Transcaucasian Mole Vole (Ellobius lutescens); 83. Yellow Steppe Lemming (Eolagurus luteus); 84. Przewalski's Steppe Lemming (Eolagurus przewalskii); 85. Steppe Vole (Lagurus lagurus), 86. South-western Water Vole (Arvicola sapidus); 87. Eurasian Water Vole (Arvicola amphibius); 88. Montane Water Vole (Arvicola monticola); 89. Italian Water Vole (Arvicola italicus); 90. Sagebrush Vole (Lemmiscus curtatus); 91. European Snow Vole (Chionomys nivalis); 92. Robert's Snow Vole (Chionomys robert); 93. Gudaur Snow Vole (Chionomys gud); 94. Lazistan Snow Vole (Chionomys lasistanius); 95. Sichuan Vole (Volemys millicens); 96. Marie's Vole (Volemys musseri); 97. Duke of Bedford's Vole (Proedromys bedford); 98. Liangshan Vole (Proedromys liangshanensis); 99. Brandt's Vole (Lasiopodomys brandftil); 100. Mandarin Vole (Lasiopodomys mandarinus); 101. Narrow-headed Vole (Lasiopodomys gregalis); 102. Radde's Vole (Lasiopodomys raddei); 103. Sikkim Mountain Vole (Neodon sikimensis); 104. Linzhi Mountain Vole (Neodon linzhiensis); 105. Clarke's Vole (Neodon clarke); 106. Medog Mountain Vole (Neodon medogensis); 107. Nyalam Mountain Vole (Neodon nyalamensis); 108. Irene Mountain Vole (Neodon irene); 109. Forrest's Mountain Vole (Neodon forresti); 110. Blyth's Mountain Vole (Neodon leucurus); 111. Smoky Mountain Vole (Neodon fuscus).
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