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6 results for “Asaia”
Asaia spp. accelerate development of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, via interactions with the vertically transmitted larval microbiome
<p><strong><span>Background:</span></strong><em> Aedes aegypti</em> mosquitoes are the primary vectors of yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus. Control programs primarily rely on insecticide application, which encounter challenges related to efficacy and resistance evolution. Alternative strategies, such as the sterile insect technique, highly depend on efficient mass-rearing of healthy insects prior to mass release. Based on effects seen in other mosquito species, we tested the hypothesis that acetic acid bacteria <span>of the </span><em>Asaia</em> <span>genus are</span> mutualist<span>s</span> for developing <em>Ae. aegypti</em> larvae. We tested for beneficial interactions across three <em>Asaia </em>species and whether <em>Asaia</em> inoculation benefited both axenic and conventionally reared larvae. To better understand the underlying mechanisms, we characterized the larval microbiome<span> </span>using culture-based methods and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong><span> <span>Even</span></span> though <em>Asaia </em>bacteria were transient members of the gut community in conventionally reared insects<span>, t</span>wo <em>Asaia </em>species accelerated larval development relative to controls.<span> Despite their transient nature, </span>the two mutualist <em>Asaia</em> species had lasting impacts on the larval microbiome, mostly by altering the relative abundance of the most dominant bacteria genera <em>Klebsiella</em> and <em>Pseudomonas</em> and other minor components<span>.</span> Axenic larvae that were inoculated with <em>Asaia </em>were dominated by this group, but always exhibited slower development than conventionally reared insects.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> These results reveal <em>Asaia</em> as a poor mutualist for <em>Ae. aegypti</em>, with its<em> </em>positive effect on the host mediated by interactions with other bacteria. A practical application of <em>Asaia </em>for improving mass-rearing efficiency results from the acceleration of development time to pupation by a day.</p>
Figure 1 in Asaia (Rhodospirillales: Acetobacteraceae) and Serratia (Enterobacterales: Yersiniaceae) associated with Nyssorhynchus braziliensis and Nyssorhynchus darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)
Figure 1. Composition of bacteria from the abdomen of Nyssorhynchus braziliensis and Nyssorhynchus darlingi. Only genera that had a relative abundance of 1% or greater are presented.
An evaluation of fusion partner proteins for paratransgenesis in Asaia bogorensis
<p>Mosquitoes transmit many pathogens responsible for human disease, such as malaria which is caused by parasites in the genus <em>Plasmodium</em>. Current strategies to control vector-transmitted diseases are increasingly undermined by mosquito and pathogen resistance, so additional methods of control are required. Paratransgenesis is a method whereby symbiotic bacteria are genetically modified to affect the mosquito's phenotype by engineering them to deliver effector molecules into the midgut to kill parasites. One paratransgenesis candidate is <em>Asaia</em> <em>bogorensis</em>, a Gram-negative bacterium colonizing the midgut, ovaries, and salivary glands of <em>Anopheles</em> <em>sp</em>. mosquitoes. Previously, engineered <em>Asaia</em> strains using native signals to drive the release of the antimicrobial peptide, scorpine, fused to alkaline phosphatase were successful in significantly suppressing the number of oocysts formed after a blood meal containing <em>P</em>. <em>berghei</em>. However, these strains saw high fitness costs associated with the production of the recombinant protein. Here, we report evaluation of five different partner proteins fused to scorpine that we evaluated for effects on the growth and fitness of the transgenic bacteria. Three of the new partner proteins resulted in significant levels of protein released from the <em>Asaia</em> bacterium while also significantly reducing the prevalence of mosquitoes infected with <em>P</em>. <em>berghei</em>. Two partners performed as well as the previously tested <em>Asaia</em> strain that used alkaline phosphatase in the fitness analyses. We interpret these results to indicate that there is a maximum level of fitness and parasite inhibition that can be achieved with scorpine being driven constitutively, and that use of a <em>Plasmodium</em> specific effector molecule in place of scorpine would help to mitigate the stress on the symbionts.</p>
Data from: A catalogue of proteins released from Asaia bogorensis under two growth conditions
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An evaluation of fusion partner proteins for paratransgenesis in Asaia bogorensis
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Novel Asaia bogorensis signal sequences for Plasmodium inhibition in Anopheles stephensi
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