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FIG. 4 in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 4. — Male genitalia of Assamhoplites martensi n. gen., n. sp.: A, ventral; B, dorsal not expanded and expanded respectively; C, lateral not expanded and expanded respectively. Scale bars: 100 µm.

FIG. 3. — Assamhoplites martensi n. gen., n in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 3. — Assamhoplites martensi n. gen., n. sp. ectal view of the left pedipalp: A, male; B, female. Scale bar: 500 µm.

FIG. 2. — Assamhoplites martensi n in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 2. — Assamhoplites martensi n. sp. male: A-C; habitus dorsal; D-F, habitus lateral; G, habitus ventral; H, chelicerae ventral; I, chelicerae frontal. Scale bars: A, D, E, 2 mm; B, G, I, 1 mm; C, F, H, 500 µm.

FIG. 5. — Assamhoplites martensi n. gen., n in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 5. — Assamhoplites martensi n. gen., n. sp. female: A-C, habitus dorsal; D-F, habitus lateral; G, habitus ventral; H, chelicerae ventral; I, chelicerae frontal. Scale bars: A, D, 2 mm; B, E, F, G, 1 mm; C, H, I, 500 µm.

FIG. 6 in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 6. — Examples of convergent pedipalp elongations in different groups of Laniatores harvestmen, including "short" to extremely elongated morphology in related species. All images representing males sexually dimorphic pedipalps. To compare the proportional variations across different podomeres they were colored as: trochanter (orange), femur (red), patella (light blue), metatarsus (purple), tarsus (dark blue). Pedipalps were vectorized from original figures taken in: Porto & Pérez-González (2020) (A); Kury & Machado (2018) and Zhang et al. (2013) (B) and Martens (2022) (E). Pedipalps of C were vectorized directly from pictures of the species type specimens kindly sent by Darko Cotoras. Symbol: * The size of the trochanter of Lomanius annae Kury & Machado, 2018 was estimated by utilizing images from Kury & Machado (2018).

FIG. 1. — A, B in African highland harvestman: New genus and new species of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022 (Opiliones, Assamiidae) from Wonchi crater, Oromia province, Ethiopia

FIG. 1. — A, B, Geographic distribution of Filopalpinae Martens, 2022. Ecoregions: ESS, East Sudanian savanna; EMF, Ethiopian montane forests; EMGW, Ethiopian montane grasslands and woodlands; EMM, Ethiopian montane moorlands; NACBT, Northern Acacia-Commiphora bushlands and thickets. ●, Filopalpus joschmidti Martens, 2022; ●, Filopalpus kakaensis Martens, 2022; ●, Filopalpus bale Martens, 2022; ●, Filopalpus altomontanus Martens, 2022, ●, Filopalpus niger Martens, 2022; ★,: Assamhoplites martensi n. sp.; C, topographic map of Ethiopia with the distribution of Filopalpinae.

FIGURES 48–55 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 48–55. Ereca treses sp. nov. and Bueana vitteli sp. nov., penis head in ventral (48, 52), lateral (49, 53) and dorsal view (50, 54), and total penis in dorsal view (51, 55). 48–51, Ereca treses sp. nov. (paratype from Mt Eloumden). 52–55. Bueana vitteli sp. nov. (paratype from Kounden, MRAC/148384). Scale bars: Left 0.1 mm, right 1 mm.

FIGURES 36–47 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 36–47. Chilon spp., penis head in ventral (36, 40, 44), lateral (37, 41, 45) and dorsal view (38, 42, 46), and total penis in dorsal view (39, 43, 47). 36–39, Chilon robustus Sørensen, 1896 (Buea, MRAC/135327). 40–43. Chilon robustus Sørensen, 1896 (syntype, Kamerum, NHRS). 44–47. Chilon undulatus Sørensen, 1896 (syntype, Kamerum, NHRS). Scale bars: Left 0.1 mm, right 1 mm.

FIGURES 29–35 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 29–35. External morphology of Rhabdopygus puylaerti sp. nov. (male holotype). 29, body, dorsal view. 30, body, ventral view. 31, body, lateral view. 32, body, posterior view. 33, left coxa IV, dorsolateral view. 34, right chelicera, ectal view. 35, right pedipalp, mesal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 9–14 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 9–14. External morphology of Chilon robustus Sørensen, 1896 (male from Buea, MRAC/135327). 9, body, dorsal view. 10, body, ventral view. 11, body, lateral view. 12, body, posterior view. 13, right chelicera, ectal view. 14, right pedipalp, mesal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 68–70 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 68–70. Ovipositors (with detail of their hair tips). 68. Chilon robustus Sørensen, 1896. 69. Ereca treses sp.

FIGURES 22–28 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 22–28. External morphology of Bueana vitteli sp. nov. (male holotype). 22, body, dorsal view. 23, body, ventral view. 24, body, lateral view. 25, body, posterior view. 26, right chelicera, ectal view. 27, right pedipalp, mesal view. 28, trochanter and coxa of pedipalp. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 1–8 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 1–8. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of males. 1–2, Chilon robustus Sørensen, 1896. 3–4, Ereca treses sp. nov. 5–6, Bueana vitteli sp. nov. 7–8. Rhabdopygus puylaerti sp. nov.

FIGURES 15–21 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 15–21. External morphology of Ereca treses sp. nov. (15–20, male holotype; 21, female paratype). 15, body, dorsal view. 16, body, ventral view. 17, body, lateral view. 18, body, posterior view. 19, right chelicera, ectal view. 20, right pedipalp, mesal view, and detail of its trochanter, ectal view. 21, outline of female scutum, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 56–67 in Three new Assamiidae (Arachnida: Opiliones) from Cameroon, with a redescription of Chilon robustus and comments on related species

FIGURES 56–67. Penises of Rhabdopygus spp., penis head in ventral (56, 60, 64), lateral (57, 61, 65) and dorsal view (58, 62, 66), and total penis in dorsal view (59, 63, 67). 56–59, Rhabdopygus puylaerti sp. nov. (holotype, MRAC/ 148199). 60–63. Rhabdopygus fuscus Roewer, 1912 (cotype, SSibange, Gabon, SMF/RI–387). 64–67. Rhabdopygus? maculatus Roewer, 1935 (syntype, Lossida Berge, SMF/RII–5052). Scale bars: Left 0.1 mm, right 1 mm.

FIGURES 3–11. Mysorea thaiensis Suzuki, 1985. 3 in The assamiids harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores: Assamiidae) from Champasak Province, Laos

FIGURES 3–11. Mysorea thaiensis Suzuki, 1985. 3. Right chelicera of male, ectal view. 4. Same, medial view. 5. Cheliceral fingers of male, frontal view. 6. Right pedipalpus of male, ectal view. 7. Same, medial view. 8. Patella, tibia and tarsus of male right pedipalpus, dorsal view. 9. Right femur I of male, retrolateral view. 10. Right femur IV of male, prolateral view. 11. Terminal segment of right tarsus IV, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1mm (9–10); 0.5mm (3–4, 6–8); 0.25mm (5, 11).

FIGURES 53–60 in The assamiids harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores: Assamiidae) from Champasak Province, Laos

FIGURES 53–60. Simalurius suzukii sp. nov., Holotype. 53. Right chelicera of male, ectal view. 54. Same, medial view. 55. Male body, ventral view. 56. Right tarsus III of male, dorsal view. 57. Right tarsus IV of male, prolateral view. 58. Cheliceral fingers of female, frontal view. 59. Ovipositor, ventral view. 60. Same, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm (55); 0.5mm (53–54, 56– 57); 0.25mm (58–60).

FIGURES 32–37 in The assamiids harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores: Assamiidae) from Champasak Province, Laos

FIGURES 32–37. Paramaracandus dolabratus sp. nov. 32–33. Holotype. 34–37. Paratype. 32. Left pedipalpus of male, ectal view. 33. Same, medial view. 34. Male body, dorsal view. 35. Left cheliceral fingers of male, frontal view. 36. Left pedipalpus of male, ectal view. 37. Patella, tibia and tarsus of male left pedipalpus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5mm (34); 1mm (32–33, 36– 37); 0.75mm (35).

FIGURES 26–31 in The assamiids harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores: Assamiidae) from Champasak Province, Laos

FIGURES 26–31. Paramaracandus dolabratus sp. nov., Holotype. 26. Male body, lateral view. 27. Same, dorsal view. 28. Left chelicera of male, medial view. 29. Same, ectal view. 30. Cheliceral fingers of male, frontal view. 31. Patella, tibia and tarsus of male left pedipalpus, dorsal view. Scale bars: 5mm (26–27); 1mm (31); 0.75mm (28–30).

FIGURES 1–2. Mysorea thaiensis Suzuki, 1985. 1. Male body, lateral view. 2 in The assamiids harvestmen (Opiliones: Laniatores: Assamiidae) from Champasak Province, Laos

FIGURES 1–2. Mysorea thaiensis Suzuki, 1985. 1. Male body, lateral view. 2. Same, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1mm.