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FIGURE 10 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 10. Austinixa felipensis; male, cw 12.3 mm (ULLZ 5556); from San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico. A, carapace, chelipeds, and right ambulatory appendages, dorsal; B, carapace frontal region, from anterior; C. third maxilliped, external; D, right chela, internal; E, right cheliped, external; F, left cheliped internal; G, left cheliped external; H, right pereopod 2, dorsal; I, right pereopod 3, dorsal; J, right pereopod 4, dorsal; K, right pereopod 5, dorsal. Scale bars = 2.0 mm.

FIGURE 12 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 12. Austinixa artankeri sp. nov.; A, male, cw 8.9 mm, Panama Caribbean (UF 18950, photograph from A. Anker); B, ovigerous female, cw 6.8 mm, Panama Caribbean (ULLZ 13336); C, female, Panama Caribbean (ULLZ 13334). Austinixa roblesi sp. nov.; D, male, cw 9.2 mm, Belize (ULLZ 12114); E, ovigerous female, cw 7.8 mm, Panama Caribbean (ULLZ 13335); F, ovigerous female, cw 11.1 mm, Belize (ULLZ 12114). Austinixa cuestai sp. nov.; G, male, cw 7.7 mm, Panama Pacific (USNM1552956); H, male, cw 11.1 mm, Panama Pacific (USNM 1552956); I, female, cw 8.5 mm, Panama Pacific (USNM 1552957); J, ovigerous female, cw 10.7 mm, Panama Pacific (USNM 1552958) (photographs from J. Scioli).

FIGURE 8 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 8. Austinixa roblesi sp. nov.; A, B, D–G, male paratype, cw 9.0 mm (USNM 1558340); C, H, I, male holotype, cw 9.9 mm (USNM 1558341); both from Dangriga, Belize. A, carapace, chelipeds, and right ambulatory appendages, dorsal; B, carapace frontal region, from anterior; C. third maxilliped, external; D, right chela, internal, setae not shown; E, right pereopod 4, dorsal; F, right pereopod 5, dorsal; G, male pleon; H, left first gonopod tip, pleonal surface; I left first gonopod tip, sternal surface. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 4. Austinixa artankeri sp. nov.; male holotype, cw 7.6 mm (USNM 1558334), Bocas del Toro, Caribbean coast of Panama. A, carapace and right appendages, dorsal; B, carapace frontal region, from anterior; C, left third maxilliped, external; D, right chela, internal; E, right pereopod 2, dorsal; F, right pereopod 3, dorsal; G, right pereopod 4, dorsal; H, right pereopod 4 setae not shown, dorsal; I, right pereopod 4, ventral; J. right pereopod 5, dorsal. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 7. Austinixa cuestai sp. nov.; A–C, male paratype, cw 8.3 mm (ULLZ 5566); D–F ovigerous female paratype, cw 8.3 mm (ULLZ 5566); both from Nagualapa, Pacific coast of Nicaragua. A, male pleon; B, left first gonopod, sternal surface; C, left first gonopod tip, pleonal surface; D, right cheliped, internal; E, right cheliped, external; F, female pleon. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B, D–F), 0.5 mm (C).

FIGURE 11 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 11. Austinixa felipensis; A–C, male, cw 12.3 mm (ULLZ 5556); D–F, female cw 10.6 mm, both from San Felipe, Baja California, Mexico. A, male pleon; B, right first gonopod, sternal surface; C, right first gonopod tip, pleonal surface; D, left chela, external; E, left chela, internal. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B, D–F), 0.5 mm (C).

FIGURE 9 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 9. Austinixa roblesi sp. nov.; A–D, ovigerous female paratype, cw 9.8 mm (USNM 1558340); E, ovigerous female paratype, cw 9.4 mm (ULLZ 12115); F, female paratype, cw 6.6 mm (ULLZ 13143); all from Dangriga, Belize. A, carapace, dorsal; B, enlarged right side of carapace, dorsal; C, carapace frontal region, from anterior; D, right chela, internal; E, left chela, dorsal, F, female pleon. Scale bars = 1.5 mm (A), 1.0 mm (B–F).

FIGURE 5 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 5. Austinixa artankeri sp. nov.; A, male paratype, cw 7.3 mm (UF 18916); B, male paratype, cw 8.5 mm (ULLZ 13732); C, D, male paratype, cw 6.2 mm (ULLZ 13731); E, ovigerous female paratype, cw 8.5 mm (UF 18928); F, female paratype, cw 8.8 mm (UF 18950); G, ovigerous female paratype, cw 9.0 mm (USNM 1558331); H, ovigerous female paratype, cw 5.8 mm (ULLZ 13644), all from Bocas del Toro, Caribbean coast of Panama. A, right chela, internal, setae not shown; B, male pleon; C, D, left first gonopod, pleonal surface, entire and enlarged tip; E, right chela, internal, setae not shown; left chela, internal, setae not shown. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B, E–H), 0.5 mm (C), 0.25 mm (D).

FIGURE 3 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 3. Distribution of the species of Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997. In most cases, latitudinal ranges are shown. For A. cristata, the latitudinal range shown corresponds to the distribution on the Atlantic coast only. Specific locations are shown for records of A. cristata in the Gulf of Mexico, as well as for A. bragantina and three undescribed species (symbols as shown in legend). Only A. bragantina and A. leptodactyla were not included in the present phylogenetic analyses.

FIGURE 2 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 2. Phylogeny of Pinnotheroidea, with emphasis on Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from Maximum Likelihood analysis of concatenated 1415 bp sequence of mitochondrial 16S/tRNA-Leu/NADH1 complex (705 bp), the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene (293 bp) and nuclear histone 3 subunit (328 bp). Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap, Bayesian (BAY) posterior probabilities and maximum parsimony (MP) bootstrap values are shown, in order ML/BAY/MP. "–" indicates a value lower than 50%. When all three values are the same, only one number is shown. If values are lower than 50% for all three, no number is shown. Letters and collection accession numbers follow the species name, to distinguish geographic origin and samples (see Material and methods for abbreviations). Modified from Palacios Theil et al. (2016) and generic assignments of some species of Pinnixa updated according to Palacios Theil & Felder (2020)

FIGURE 1 in Phylogeny of the genus Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear molecular markers, with descriptions of three new species and redescription of Austinixa felipensis (Glassell, 1935) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)

FIGURE 1. Consensus tree for Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997, inferred from Maximum Likelihood analysis of 821 bp sequence of mitochondrial 16S/tRNA-Leu/NADH1 gene complex. Bootstrap values higher than 50% indicated at internal nodes. Letters and collection accession numbers follow the species name, to distinguish geographic origin and samples (see Material and methods for abbreviations).

FIGURE 9 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 9. Scanning Electron Microscopy of the G1 tips of Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005 and A. aidae (Righi, 1967): (A) topotype of A. bragantina, Ilha Canela, Bragança, Pará, Brazil (MOUFPE 13411); (B) A. aidae sensu Coelho (2005), without branchial ridge, Praia de Cumuruxatiba, Prado, Bahia, Brazil (UESC 1124); (C) A. bragantina sensu Coelho (2005), with branchial ridge, Praia de Cumuruxatiba, Prado, Bahia, Brazil (UESC 1124); (D) topotype of A. aidae with branchial ridge, Foz do Rio Juqueriquerê, Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, Brazil (CCDB 3100); (E) topotype of A. aidae without branchial ridge, Foz do Rio Juqueriquerê Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, Brazil (CCDB 3100). Scale bars: A–C = 30 µm; D, E = 20 µm.

FIGURE 10 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 10. Phylogram based on the maximum likelihood of 16S gene sequences of Austinixa Heard & Manning, 1997. Sequences are identified by GenBank accession number or CCDB/UESC catalog number on the left. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap values>50%/0.5 (1000 pseudoreplicates). Carapace figures: A. hardyi modified from Heard & Manning, 1997; A. aidae, male CCDB 3100; A. bragantina, male MOUFPE 13411.

FIGURE 8 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 8. Pleonites of Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) from MOUFPE collection: (A–C) male MOUFPE 13411 (as paratypes of A. bragantina); (D) male MOUFPE 13410 (as holotype of A. bragantina); (E) male MOUFPE 9329 (type locality of A. bragantina).

FIGURE 7 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 7. Pereiopods of Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) from MOUFPE collection: (A–B) male MOUFPE 13411 (as paratypes of A. bragantina); (C) male MOUFPE 9329 (type locality of A. bragantina).

FIGURE 6 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 6. Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) from MOUFPE collection: (A–B) male MOUFPE 13411, right and left chelipeds, respectively; (C) male MOUFPE 13411, right chelipeds; (D) female dissected MOUFPE 13411, right cheliped; (E) male MOUFPE 9329, right and left chelipeds, respectively; (F) MOUFPE 13410, right cheliped.

FIGURE 5 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 5. Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) from MOUFPE collection: (A–C) male MOUFPE 13411 (as paratypes of A. bragantina); (D) female dissected MOUFPE 13411 (paratypes of A. bragantina); (E) MOUFPE 13411 (holotype of A. bragantina); (F) male MOUFPE 9329 (from type locality of A. bragantina).

FIGURE 4 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 4. Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967), SEM of carapace in dorsal view: (A) male topotype of Austinixa bragantina with branchial ridge, Ilha Canela, Bragança, Pará, Brazil (MOUFPE 13411); (B) male topotype of A. aidae without branchial ridge, Foz do Rio Juqueriquerê, Caraguatatuba, São Paulo, Brazil (MZUSP 2233); (C) male of A. bragantina sensu Coelho (2005), with branchial ridge, from Praia de Cumuruxatiba, Prado, Bahia, Brazil (UESC 1124).

FIGURE 1 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 1. Male topotype of Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) (CCDB 3100): (A) dorsal view of the carapace; (B) lateral view of posterior portion of carapace and anterior portion of pleon; (C) antenna; (D) antennule; (E) external face of male telson; (F) external face of male pleon; (G) internal face of left cheliped; (H) external face of left cheliped; (I) dorsal view of right P2; (J) dorsal view of right P3; (K) dorsal view of right P4; (L) dorsal view of right P5.

FIGURE 2 in Austinixa bragantina Coelho, 2005: a junior synonym of A. aidae (Righi, 1967) (Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) supported by integrative morphological and molecular data

FIGURE 2. Female topotype of Austinixa aidae (Righi, 1967) (CCDB 3100): (A) dorsal view of carapace; (B) anterior view of frontal region of carapace; (C) posterior view of carapace and pleon; (D) external face of female pleon; (E) internal face of left cheliped; (F) external face of left cheliped; (G) external face of left third maxilliped; (H) enlarged frontal region of carapace with antennae and antennules.