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9 results for “Baffin Island”
Supporting data for the manuscript entitled: Long-term biodegradation of oil under Arctic Conditions: the Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) revisited after almost four decades.
<p>The potential of an unintentional oil spill from ships or upcoming oil development is rising as the Arctic warms up more. It is crucial to understand how oil behaves in this setting and what influences oil biodegradation in the Arctic. On Baffin Island in the Canadian High Arctic, the Baffin Island Oil Spill (BIOS) project staged a number of simulated oil spills on the backshore zone of beaches in the 1980s. Two BIOS sites were revisited in 2019, about 40 years after the first oil pollution, providing a unique chance to research the long-term weathering of crude oil in Arctic conditions. Here, we demonstrate that even after over 40 years, residual oil is still detectable at these locations. Oil at both locations seems to deteriorate relatively slowly, with estimated loss rates ranging from 1.8 to 2.7% annually and appearing to vary across the two locations. We also demonstrate how the locations' sediment microbial communities are still severely impacted by leftover oil, as seen by a decline in diversity, variations in microbial load, and an enrichment of reported oil-degrading bacteria in contaminated sediments. The most enriched putative oil degraders were found in non-oiled control sediments as well, indicating that these degraders are a normal component of the Arctic sediment microbiome even in the absence of oil. Reconstructed genomes of putative oil degraders indicate that only a portion of these degraders have unique adaptations for growth in psychrothermic environments. This study's findings taken together demonstrate that oil spills in the Arctic can linger and have a lasting, major impact on the environment for decades.</p>
FIGURE 6. Tetilla sibirica. A, C in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 6. Tetilla sibirica. A, C. Sponge in situ with echinoderms attached, scale bars are 6 cm. B, D. Specimen collected. E, K. Anatriaenes. F. Small oxea. G, H. Sigmaspires. I. Protriaene. J. Large Oxea.
FIGURE 7. Craniella polyura. A. Specimen collected. B, C. Sigmaspires showing centrotylote swelling. D. Partial protriaene with whip-like clad. E. Large oxea with small oxea. F in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 7. Craniella polyura. A. Specimen collected. B, C. Sigmaspires showing centrotylote swelling. D. Partial protriaene with whip-like clad. E. Large oxea with small oxea. F. Broken anatriaene.
FIGURE 5. Mycale lingua. A. Specimen collected. B in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 5. Mycale lingua. A. Specimen collected. B. Sponge in situ, scale bar is 6 cm. C, D. Style/mycalostyles. E–G. Anisochelae I. H–J. Anisochelae II. K. Sigma. L. Raphide.
FIGURE 3. Iophon koltuni. A. Collecting I in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 3. Iophon koltuni. A. Collecting I. koltuni with ROV manipulator arms, scale bar is 6 cm. B. Skeleton showing tangential tylotes at surface (right) scale bar is 100 µm. C. Sponges after collection showing browning on contact with air. D. Acanthostyle. E. Acanthostyle with swollen head and large spines. F. Tylote. G. Acanthostyle head. H. Tylote head. I, J. Bipocilli, K, L. Spurred anisochelae.
FIGURE 1 in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 1. Collection locations in Frobisher Bay using different sampling methods. Symbols and site names as follows: Black triangles, Agassiz Trawl; Open Squares, Box Core; Open Circle, Remote Operated Vehicle. Inset shows the location of Frobisher Bay in the eastern Arctic (box).
Supplementary material 1 from: Saarela JM, Sokoloff PC, Gillespie LJ, Bull RD (2023) Vascular plant biodiversity of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada: an annotated checklist of an Arctic flora. PhytoKeys 217: 1-135. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.217.90573
Dataset of herbarium specimens documenting the vascular plant flora of Kattanilik Territorial Park and Kimmirut and vicinity, Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
FIGURE 4. Iophon piceum. A. Specimen collected. B. Acanthostyle. C. Tylote. D, E. Bipocilli. F in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 4. Iophon piceum. A. Specimen collected. B. Acanthostyle. C. Tylote. D, E. Bipocilli. F. Spurred anisochelae.
FIGURE 2 in Sponge (Porifera) fauna of Frobisher Bay, Baffin Island, Canada with the description of an Iophon rich sponge garden
FIGURE 2. Examples of the diversity of sponges, associated animals, and of substrate types in Frobisher Bay recorded during an ROV dive near Hill Island. A. Crinoids and ophiuroids perch on a sandy bottom. B. The sponge Tetilla sibirica with seastar, crinoids, and other sponges attached. C. Solitary tunicates and loose kelp (green). D. Tunicates and the sponge Iophon koltuni with Arcturus baffini isopods attached. E. A garden of I. koltuni. F, G. Sponges growing on bedrock outcrops. Scale bars 6 cm.
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