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9 results for “Bangiophyceae”
FIG. 2 in A taxonomic assessment of Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov. (Bangiaceae, Bangiophyceae)
FIG. 2. — Herbarium specimens of the isolates of Porphyra linearis Greville and Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov.: Porphyra linearis from Ireland (Waterford, GALW01138), Germany (Helgoland, GALW011343), Portugal (Viana do Castelo, GALW011351) and Sweden (Lyckeby, GALW011347); Py. hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov. from Sweden (Amundon, GALW011329, epitype of the species). Scale bar: 1 cm.
FIG. 1 in A taxonomic assessment of Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov. (Bangiaceae, Bangiophyceae)
FIG. 1. — Porphyra linearis Greville and Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov.: A, lectotype of Porphyra linearis (Sidmouth, E!) which is the most similar specimen to the illustration (pl. XVIII: fig. 1, right) that Greville presented in 1830 in his Algae Britannicae chosen from the exicata of Porphyra linearis in Greville's collection at the Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh (E!); B, lectotype of Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov., here designated,Algae Scandinavicae Exsiccatae (Areschoug) kept at UPS in Sweden. Scale bars: 1 cm.
FIG. 3 in A taxonomic assessment of Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov. (Bangiaceae, Bangiophyceae)
FIG. 3. — Neighbour-joining phylograms: A, NJ Phylogram based on the rbcS-rbcL spacer and adjacent regions (333 nt) from 12 bladed Bangiales; B, NJ Phylogram based on a shorter rbcS-rbcL spacer and partial rbcL region (146 nt) of 14 blade Bangiales taxa. Both analyses include isolates of Porphyra linearis Greville and Pyropia hiemalis (Kylin) Varela-Álvarez, Guiry & Serrão, comb. nov. For each node, 10 000 replicates bootstrap values for NJ and also ML analyses are given using the Jukes-Cantor model. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. Symbols: *, distinct sequences produced in this study; **, species nomenclature according to Santiañez & Wynne 2020, Yang et al. 2020 and Zuccarello et al. 2022.
Figures 2–4 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figures 2–4: Microbial colonisation of blade margins from a wild plant of Porphyra UMbilicalis (Figures 2 and 3) and a cultured descendent (Figure 4) of a wild plant brought into laboratory culture and maintained without antibiotic treatment. Bacteria occur in patches along portions (Figure 2, arrows) but not all (Figure 3, arrows mark neutral spores) of the same wild blade, with much greater density of filamentous bacteria in Figure 2. Cultured blades (Figure 4) have a dense cover of bacteria, including filamentous cyanobacteria (arrows); contemporaneous light microscopic observations found at least three distinct cyanobacteria on these cultured blades, including a probable Calothrix. Wild P. UMbilicalis (n = 6 plants) were collected along a 30-m transect (~5 m apart) in the high intertidal zone at Schoodic Point, Acadia National Park (44.33380000, −68.05805556; 30 December 2016, permit ACAD-2017-SCI-0006). For each plant, one piece of reproductive margin (0.5–1 cm2) and the holdfast were removed with sterile techniques, transported on ice, fixed (4°C) in 5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.2 M sucrose, post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in 0.07 M sodium cacodylate, dehydrated in an ethanol series, critical point dried, and sputter-coated with gold-palladium to give a final coating that was 27 nm thick; see Royer 2017 for complete details. All six plants were observed, and representative images are presented. The cultured specimens (Figure 4) were maintained through successive generations by standard techniques (Royer et al. 2018) after collection of the parent on 5 May 2015 at Lubec, Maine.
Figure 12 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figure 12: Neutral spore discharged from the neutral sporangium. Note residual mucilage around the bottom half of the neutral spore, the large stellate chloroplast (C), nucleus (N), mitochondria (M), some floridean starch (arrows), and vesicles (V) that may contain mucilage. (See Figures 2–4 for techniques). Scale bar = 1 µm.
Figures 9 and 10 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figures 9 and 10: Holdfast structure. (9) TEM of rhizoid cells in holdfast. The holdfast is a thick, flexible structure made of polysaccharide secreted by the pear-shaped rhizoid cells. Note the large amount of floridean starch (arrows) in the pear-shaped end of the rhizoid cell where the large plastid and its pyrenoid are evident. (10) Toluidine blue O-stained holdfast section. The polysaccharide that is secreted includes a thick, metachromatic pad at the base of the holdfast, and the cell walls of rhizoid cells are also metachromatic (arrows). Holdfasts from blades collected at Schoodic Point (ME) in November 2009 were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in seawater for 2 h, post-fixed in 4% OsO4, dehydrated in a standard series of ethanol and propylene oxide and embedded in Epon. Holdfasts from additional blades fixed as above were embedded in Spurr's resin (EM Sciences) and semithin sections stained with toluidine blue O (TBO) per Brawley and Quatrano (1979).
Figure 1 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figure 1: Anatomy of a typical blade of Porphyra UMbilicalis on the Maine coast. Cartoons show the regions of the blade en face (A) and as a longitudinal cross-section from the margin to the holdfast (M mature spores, N developing neutral spores, V central vegetative area, R rhizoid cells), which is composed of thousands of rhizoid cells. The middle panel and right panels, confocal and brightfield images respectively, show representative areas of four distinct regions of the blade: mature spores – A, B; developing neutral spores – D, E; central vegetative area – F, G; and rhizoid cells – H, I. Note the change in spacing of cells and amount of intervening cell wall (confocal images generated by exciting photosynthetic pigments) and transition in colour from green to red (longitudinal cartoon, brightfield images). Scale bars = 20 µm.
Figures 5–8 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figures 5–8: Microbial colonisation of holdfast regions of wild blades. (5) A peeling area of mucilage and/or biofilm shows the intimate association of bacteria within mucilage on a flat surface adjacent to the holdfast, and most of the bacteria are rod-shaped or filamentous. Communities surrounding the holdfast disc contain dense, often encrusting, masses of epiphytic bacteria, but become patchier towards the centre of the blade (Figure 6). (7–8) At higher magnification of the area shown in Figure 6, microbial community diversity is apparent, and it includes bacteria that are structurally similar to some of the baeocyte-producing pleurocapsalean cyanobacteria. White arrow in Figure 7 shows an intact individual, and black arrows in Figures 7 and 8 indicate possible baeocyte/endospore release and mucilage trails from epiphytes on two different wild plants.
Figure 11 in More than meets the eye: regional specialisation and microbial cover of the blade of Porphyra umbilicalis (Bangiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
Figure 11: Neutral spores during discharge through a thick covering of mucilage from the margin of a wild blade (see Figures 2–4 for techniques).
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