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39 results for “Barro Colorado Island”
Automated monitoring of biodiversity in the tropics: A pilot study at Barro Colorado Island
<p>Automated monitoring of biodiversity using camera systems and acoustic devises is becoming increasingly common practise. The development of camera traps for insects, however, is relatively new, and has not been tested in tropical environments. To understand both the challenges and opportunities for automated monitoring in the tropics we deployed three newly developed cameras systems for monitoring insects, with a focus on night-flying insects. In addition we deployed audible and ultrasound recording equipment. The locations of each device was changed over the 5 day pilot study, and the configuration of each system was changed to allow an assessment of the relative importance of position, light, etc. The study was undertaken on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, in January 2023.</p> <p>Data are aggregated into <em>.zip</em> files, and details of their contents, and metadata are given in <em>read_me.txt</em> and <em>metadata.csv</em>.</p>
Rates of premature fruit drop for 201 plant species on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
<p>Pre-dispersal seed mortality caused by premature fruit drop is a potentially important source of plant mortality, but one which has rarely been studied in the context of tropical forest plants. Of particular interest is premature fruit drop triggered by enemies, which – if density-dependent – could contribute to species co-existence in tropical forest plant communities. </p> <p>We used a long-term (31 year) dataset on seed and fruit fall obtained through weekly collections from a network of seed traps in a lowland tropical forest (Barro Colorado Island, Panama) to estimate the proportion of seeds prematurely abscised for 201 woody plant species. To determine whether enemy attack might contribute to premature fruit drop we tested whether plant species abscise more of their fruit prematurely if they: (1) have attributes hypothesised to be associated with high levels of enemy attack, and (2) are known to be attacked by one enemy-group (insect seed predators). We also tested (3) whether mean rates of premature fruit drop for plant species are phylogenetically conserved.</p> <p>Overall rates of premature fruit drop were high in the plant community. Across all species, 39% of seeds were abscised before completing their development. Rates of premature seed abscission varied considerably among species and could not be explained by phylogeny. Premature seed abscission rates were higher in species which are known to host pre-dispersal insect seed predators and species with attributes that were hypothesised to make them more susceptible to attack by pre-dispersal enemies, namely species which (1) have larger seeds, (2) have a greater average height, (3) have temporally predictable fruiting patterns, and (4) are more abundant at the study site.</p> <p><em>Synthesis. </em>Premature fruit drop is likely to be a major source of seed mortality for many plant species on Barro Colorado Island. It is plausible that pre-dispersal seed enemies, such as insect seed predators, contribute to community-level patterns of premature fruit drop and have the potential to mediate species co-existence through stabilising negative density dependence. Our study suggests that the role of pre-dispersal enemies in structuring tropical plant communities should be considered alongside the more commonly studied post-dispersal seed and seedling enemies.</p>
Rates of premature fruit drop for 201 plant species on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
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Liana species of the Barro Colorado Island 50-ha plot 2007 and 2017 censuses
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Functional traits of Arctiinae species of Barro Colorado Island, Panama
<p>A matrix of trait data for 192 species of Arctiinae moth recorded on Barro Colorado Island from 2009 to 2019, collected as part of the Forest GEO arthropod initiative. </p>
Long-term seedling and small sapling census data from the Barro Colorado Island 50 ha Forest Dynamics Plot, Panama
<p>Tropical forests are well known for their high woody plant diversity. Processes occurring at early life stages are thought to play a critical role in maintaining this high diversity and shaping the composition of tropical tree communities. To evaluate hypothesized mechanisms promoting tropical tree species coexistence and influencing composition, we initiated a census of woody seedlings and small saplings in the permanent 50-ha Forest Dynamics Plot (FDP) on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Situated in old-growth, lowland tropical moist forest, the BCI FDP was originally established in 1980 to monitor trees and shrubs ≥1 cm diameter at 1.3 m above ground (dbh) at ca. 5-yr intervals. However, critical data on the dynamics occurring at earlier life stages were initially lacking. Therefore, in 2001 we established a 1-m<sup>2</sup> seedling plot in the center of every 5 x 5 m section of the BCI FDP. All freestanding woody individuals ≥20 cm tall and <1 cm dbh (hereafter referred to as seedlings) were tagged, mapped, measured, and identified to species in 19,313 1-m<sup>2</sup> seedling plots. Because seedling dynamics are rapid, we censused these seedling plots every 1–2 years. Here we present data from the 14 censuses of these seedling plots conducted between the initial census in 2001 to the most recent census, in 2018. This data set includes nearly 1M observations of ~185,000 individuals of >400 tree, shrub, and liana species. These data will permit spatially-explicit analyses of seedling distributions, recruitment, growth, and survival for hundreds of woody plant species. In addition, the data presented here can be linked to openly-available, long-term data on the dynamics of trees and shrubs ≥1cm dbh in the BCI FDP, as well as existing data sets from the site on climate, canopy structure, phylogenetic relatedness, functional traits, soil nutrients, and topography.</p>
Hourly maximum bending strains for 108 trees on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
<p>Hourly maximum bending strain time-series data for 108 trees on Barro Colorado Island. Measured at 1.3 m above ground level. Data available from March - June 2022. These hourly summaries were created from raw strain data using the R scripts provided.</p>
Long-term seedling and small sapling census data from the Barro Colorado Island 50 ha Forest Dynamics Plot, Panama
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Bird Species Present at Barro Colorado Island, Panama
Patterns of biodiversity, such as the increase toward the tropics and the peaked curve during ecological succession, are fundamental phenomena for ecology. Such patterns have multiple, interacting causes, but temperature emerges as a dominant factor across organisms from microbes to trees and mammals, and across terrestrial, marine, and freshwater environments. However, there is little consensus on the underlying mechanisms, even as global temperatures increase and the need to predict their effects becomes more pressing. The purpose of this project is to generate and test theory for how temperature impacts biodiversity through its effect on biochemical processes and metabolic rate. A combination of standardized surveys in the field and controlled experiments in the field and laboratory measure diversity of three taxa -- trees, invertebrates, and microbes -- and key biogeochemical processes of decomposition in seven forests distributed along a geographic gradient of increasing temperature from cold temperate to warm tropical. This list of bird species at Barro Colorado Island, Panama, was retrieved from http://biogeodb.stri.si.edu/biodiversity/bci/ on 10/17/2013 as part of a macrosystems biodiversity and latitude project supported by the National Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement DEB#1065836.
FIGURE 22 in The Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) (Insecta, Trichoptera, Helicopsychidae) from Barro Colorado Island, Panama
FIGURE 22. Median weekly rainfall in the average year at Barro Colorado Island and taken from 19291978. Data are from Dietrich et al. (1996).
FIGURES 17–21. Flight activities grouped into weekly intervals and summarized from material collected over 7 in The Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) (Insecta, Trichoptera, Helicopsychidae) from Barro Colorado Island, Panama
FIGURES 17–21. Flight activities grouped into weekly intervals and summarized from material collected over 7 years by light trap at Barro Colorado Island, Panama. 17, Helicopsyche incisa Ross; 18, Helicopsyche tuxtlensis BuenoSoria; 19, Helicopsyche vergelana Ross; 20, Helicopsyche woldai sp. n.; 21, Helicopsyche fridae sp.n.
FIGURES 916 in The Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) (Insecta, Trichoptera, Helicopsychidae) from Barro Colorado Island, Panama
FIGURES 916. Helicopsyche fridae sp.n., male holotype. 9, right wings; 10, abdominal segment VI, lateral view; 11, abdominal VIth sternal process, ventral view; 12, genitalia, lateral view; 13, genitalia, dorsal view; 14, genitalia, ventral view; 15, phallus, lateral view; 16, phallus, ventral view.
FIGURES 18 in The Helicopsyche (Feropsyche) (Insecta, Trichoptera, Helicopsychidae) from Barro Colorado Island, Panama
FIGURES 18. Helicopsyche woldai sp.n., male holotype. 1, right wings; 2, abdominal segment VI, lateral view; 3, abdominal VIth sternal process, ventral view; 4, genitalia, lateral view; 5, genitalia, dorsal view; 6, genitalia, ventral view; 7, phallus, lateral view; 8, phallus, ventral view.
Figs. 8–18 in Stenotarsus Subtilis Arrow, The Aggregating Fungus Beetle Of Barro Colorado Island Nature Monument, Panama (Coleoptera: Endomychidae)
Figs. 8–18. Stenotarsus spp.: 8–10) Dorsal habitus: 8) Stenotarsus cuprivestis; 9) S. panamanus; 10) S. subtilis. 11–14) Ventral view of male: 11) S. globosus; 12) S. obtusus; 13) S. ovalis; 14) S. subtilis. 15–18) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral views: 15) S. panamanus; 16) S. obtusus; 17) S. ovalis; 18) S. subtilis. Scale line = 1 mm.
Food for thought: Barro Colorado Island frugivore home range summaries
<p>This dataset consists of home-range area summaries of four species of frugivores on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, including 12 kinkajou (<em>Potos flavus</em>), 16 white-nosed coati (<em>Nasua narica</em>), 8 white-faced capuchin monkey (<em>Cebus capucinus</em>), and 8 spider monkey (<em>Ateles geoffroyi</em>). Summaries include effective sample sizes (DOF) as well as parameter estimates (in hectares) including upper and lower confidence intervals. Metadata for each individual are provided including their indivdual ID and species ID. The summaries of the autocorrelated kernel density estimates include additional metadata regarding the sex, weight, and sampling year of each individual. </p>
Lampronycteris brachyotis Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Photo: Christian Ziegler/age fotostock in Phyllostomidae
Lampronycteris brachyotis Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Photo: Christian Ziegler/age fotostock
FIGURE 7. Kawakatsua pumila. Holotype, ZMA V in A new genus and species of a terrestrial cavernicolan planarian from Barro Colorado Island, Panama (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Cavernicola)
FIGURE 7. Kawakatsua pumila. Holotype, ZMA V.Pl. 7282.1. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right.
FIGURES 8–9 in A new genus and species of a terrestrial cavernicolan planarian from Barro Colorado Island, Panama (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Cavernicola)
FIGURES 8–9. Kawakatsua pumila. (8) MCZ: IZ:149898. Sagittal section through the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. (9) Holotype, ZMA V.Pl. 7282.1. Sagittal section through the copulatory apparatus, showing the syncytial copulatory bursa; anterior to the right.
FIGURES 1–3 in A new genus and species of a terrestrial cavernicolan planarian from Barro Colorado Island, Panama (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Cavernicola)
FIGURES 1–3. Kawakatsua pumila. (1) Dorsal view of live specimen; anterior end at the top. Scale bar not available. (2) ZMA V.Pl. 7282.3. Sagittal section of anterior end, showing adhesive secretion being discharged through the epidermis. (3) Holotype, ZMA V.Pl. 7282.1. Sagittal section through the pharynx; anterior to the right.
FIGURES 4–6 in A new genus and species of a terrestrial cavernicolan planarian from Barro Colorado Island, Panama (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Cavernicola)
FIGURES 4–6. Kawakatsua pumila.(4) Holotype, ZMA V.Pl. 7282.1. Sagittal section through pharynx and pharyngeal pocket, showing the mouth opening. (5) ZMA V.Pl. 7282.3. Sagittal section through a testis follicle. (6) ZMA V.Pl. 7282.3. Sagittal section through the ovary.
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