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42 results for “Basiceros”
A fossil-informed pattern of body size increase and local extinction in Basiceros dirt ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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Data from: A phylogenetic analysis of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz (Formicidae: Myrmicinae): inferring life histories through morphological convergence
Ants of the genus Basiceros (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae) are elusive species known only from Neotropical rainforests. Little information is available regarding their natural history, and nothing is known about the phylogenetic relationships among species within the genus. The genus has been the subject of some controversy regarding generic delimitation but is currently a member of the "Basiceros-genus group" following recent classification changes. For mouthparts, labral and mandibular morphologies present considerable variation in the Basiceros-genus group, likely a result of adaptive evolution. In Basiceros, those differences can be observed in the labrum shape and the various degrees of development of the labral cleft and the clypeomandibular space. Here, in an attempt to illuminate the evolution of the group, species boundaries are tested for Basiceros. The evolutionary relationships of its species are investigated using molecular and morphological data. Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses of a molecular dataset consisting of up to nine genes (three mitochondrial, six nuclear) and including samples from multiple populations of all known Basiceros taxa recovered the monophyly of the genus and of its species, with two well resolved internal clades: the singularis clade and the disciger clade. Focusing on the female castes of Basiceros, an ancestral state reconstruction is presented for mandibles and labrum morphology. The results suggest that the labrum and clypeomandibular morphologies are highly labile, although phylogenetically important characters in the genus. Mouthpart traits indicate a strong correlated evolutionary history potentially associated with specialized feeding habits.
FIGURE 29 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 29. Basiceros redux = Octostruma reducta comb. nov., holotype (CASENT0900942, Guyana: Kaieteur); A. forewing, B. dorsal view, C. full-face view, D. lateral view. Original images by Will Ericson (CAS), edited.
FIGURE 23 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 23. Basiceros singularis, worker (CASENT0914890, Ecuador: Napo); A. full-face view, B. lateral view, C. dorsal view. Images by Michele Esposito (CAS), edited.
FIGURE 28 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 28. Basiceros tumucumaquensis sp. nov. paratype male (MZSP, CASENT0647167, Brazil: Amapá); A. head and antenna, B. lateral view, C. full-face view, D. dorsal view. Scale bars: A–B, D =1 mm, C = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 19 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 19. Basiceros militaris, type-series (all intercastes)—holotype (AMNH, Trinidad & Tobago: Nariva Swamp) and paratypes (MCZ 28746, same locality as holotype); A, D, G. full-face view, B, E, H. lateral view, C, F, I. dorsal view. Inset on A highlights ocelli. Scale bars: A, D, G = 0.5 mm, others = 1 mm.
FIGURE 18 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 18. Basiceros militaris, gyne (MCZ, Trinidad & Tobago: Arima Valley) and male (MCZ, Trinidad & Tobago: St. Andrew); A and D. full-face view, B and E. dorsal view, C and F. lateral view. Scale bars: A, D = 0.5 mm, B, C, E, F =1 mm.
FIGURE 15 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 15. Basiceros manni, larva (MZSP, Nicaragua: Boaco); A. head in anteroventral view, B. dorsal pilosity, C. lateral view. Scale bars: A = 0.1 mm, C = 1 mm, B = 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 13 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 13. Basiceros manni, worker (CASENT0914888, Costa Rica: Heredia); A. full-face view, B. lateral view, C. dorsal view. Images by Michele Esposito (CAS).
FIGURE 10 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 10. Basiceros convexiceps, larva (from type-series of Basiceros squamifer) (MZSP, Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) and male forewing diagram (adapted from Emery, 1924) (Brazil: Santa Catarina); A. Head in ventro-oblique view, B. head in oblique view, C. male forewing (black arrow highlights transversal 1m-cu vein), D. anus, E. thorax in lateroventral view, highlighting the spinose pilosity, F. lateral view. Scale bars: A, B–E = 0.1 mm; F = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 26 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 26. Basiceros tumucumaquensis sp. nov. holotype worker (MZSP, CASENT0647157, Brazil: Amapá); mandibles in A. dorsal view, B. oblique view, C. lateral view, D. ventral view, highlighting ventrolabrum, E. dorsal view, F. lateral view, G. full-face view, H. oblique view of head and pronotum. Scale bars: A–D = 0.2 mm, E–F = 1 mm, G–H = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 9 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 9. Basiceros convexiceps, gyne (MZSP, Brazil: São Paulo). A. full-face view, B. lateral view; C. dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–C =1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 12. Basiceros disciger, gyne and male (MZSP, Brazil: São Paulo); A and D. full-face view, B and E. dorsal view, C and F. lateral view. Scale bars: A, D = 0.5 mm, B, C, E, F =1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 6. Basiceros conjugans, paratypes gyne and male (MCZ 546463, Ecuador: Limoncocha), Ecuador: Limoncocha); A and D. full-face view, B and E. dorsal view, C and F. lateral view. Scale bars: A, D = 0.5 mm, B, C, E, F =1 mm.
FIGURE 8 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 8. Basiceros convexiceps, worker (MZSP, Brazil: São Paulo); A. full-face view, B. lateral view; C. dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–C =1 mm.
FIGURE 17 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 17. Basiceros militaris, worker (CASENT0280778, Ecuador: Tiputini); A. full-face view, B. lateral view, C. dorsal view. Image by Estella Ortega (CAS), edited.
FIGURE 5 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 5. Basiceros conjugans, holotype worker (MCZ 32179, Ecuador: Limoncocha); A. full-face view, B. lateral view, and C. dorsal view. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, B–C = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 1. Wing venation of Basiceros males. A. forewing and B. hindwing of B. conjugans (RSPPC, Peru). C. forewing of B. manni male (MCZ, Costa Rica: Heredia). Fused veins are indicated with a plus sign and crossveins by a dash. Cell names (in white) are indicated in italics. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 27 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 27. Basiceros tumucumaquensis sp. nov. paratype worker (MZSP, CASENT0647158, Brazil: Amapá); A. full-face view, D. dorsal view, E. lateral view. Labrum from non-type worker (MZSP, Brazil: Rondônia); B. dorsal view and C. ventral view; lo: lateral lobe, black arrow: specialized seta on anterior margin. Crossed arrows give the orientation: a, anterior; p, posterior. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm, D–E =1 mm, B–C = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 25 in A taxonomic revision of the dirt ants, Basiceros Schulz, 1906 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
FIGURE 25. Basiceros singularis intercastes from Trinidad & Tobago: St. Andrew; A–D: MCZ534402/T2-56); A. lateral view of mesosoma, white arrow pointing to wing fossa and wing trace, B. lateral view, C. dorsal view highlighting mesoscutum line (white arrow) and wing trace (black arrow), D. dorsal view; E–H: (MCZ/T2-56); E. oblique view of mesosoma, white arrow pointing to vestigial hindwing, F. lateral view, G. dorsal view highlighting rudiments of a mesoscutum (left white arrow), mesoscutellum (right white arrow), and forewing trace (black arrow), H. dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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