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16 results for “Bed structure”
Observation of a regular structure formation on the surface of vibrated ball beds started from random lose packing
<p>Near 4,000 2-mm diameter plastic balls were poured 88 times into plexiglass cylinder of internal diameter 26 mm. Then, such initially random loose-packing systems/beds were vibrated vertically with 100 Hz frequency using the vibration table Vibrax (Renfert GmbH, Germany) working in sinusoidal mode until a regular structure was observed on the cylinder surface. The power levels of the vibrations in the recorded ordering of balls were selected to represent all four levels (1, 2, 3 or 4) of vibrations available in the table, where number 1 means the weakest vibration and 4 means the strongest one.</p> <p>Locations of the balls on all sides of a vibrated cylindrical bed were simultaneously recorded on one video frame thanks to the use of two perpendicular mirrors, which enables observation of four images: one of the real cylinder and three of its mirror reflections. View of the table with the attached cylinder containing balls and two mirrors is presented in Fig. 1, while an explanation of the scene, as seen by the recording camera, is given in the scheme in Fig. 2. Video names were given in a standard form explained in the README.txt file.</p>
Scale dependent spatial structuring of mountain river large bed elements maximizes flow resistance - Data
<p>Datasets and R code related to manuscript entitled, "Scale dependent spatial structuring of mountain river large bed elements maximizes flow resistance". See '0_READ_ME.rtf' file for additional description of available files.</p>
Scale dependent spatial structuring of mountain river large bed elements maximizes flow resistance - Data Revision
<p>Datasets and R code related to manuscript entitled, "Scale dependent spatial structuring of mountain river large bed elements maximizes flow resistance". See '0_READ_ME.rtf' file for additional description of available files.</p>
Text-fig. 10. Carpolithes (a–j). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 10. USNM PAL 772375. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of one face of structure; note adherent mineral material. Longitudinal groove is to right. b: Lateral view of one edge of the structure. c: Opposite view from (b), note groove in upper half of the specimen, facing viewer. d: Apical view. e–j: Carpolithes sp. 11. USNM PAL 772376. Scale bar = 5 mm, micro-CT scan surface views. e: Structure in face view showing central protuberance. f: Same, lateral view. g: Opposite face from (e). h: Opposite face from (f). i: View from one end. j: View from opposite end from (i). in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 10. Carpolithes (a–j). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 10. USNM PAL 772375. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of one face of structure; note adherent mineral material. Longitudinal groove is to right. b: Lateral view of one edge of the structure. c: Opposite view from (b), note groove in upper half of the specimen, facing viewer. d: Apical view. e–j: Carpolithes sp. 11. USNM PAL 772376. Scale bar = 5 mm, micro-CT scan surface views. e: Structure in face view showing central protuberance. f: Same, lateral view. g: Opposite face from (e). h: Opposite face from (f). i: View from one end. j: View from opposite end from (i).
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings. in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 8. Carpolithes (a–t). a–e: Carpolithes sp. 1. USNM PAL 772366. Scale bar = 1 cm. a: Lateral view of endocarp, note two longitudinal ridges. b: Lateral view of endocarp rotated 90° from (a), note single lateral ridge in center, a, b reflected light, palladium coated. c: Lateral view, Micro-CT scan surface rendering. d: View of rounded end of the endocarp, reflected light, palladium coated. e: View of the opposite (pointed) end of the endocarp, note split; reflected light, palladium coated. f–j: Carpolithes sp. 2. USNM PAL 772367. Scale bar = 5 mm. f: Lateral view, base down; note raphe-like structure (arrow), reflected light, palladium coated. g: Lateral view, the raphe-like structure extending vertically from the base. h: Lateral view, rotated 90° from (g). i: Lateral view, the opposite face to that in (h). j: Basal view, raphe-like structure running from the center to the right of the image. g–j: CT scan surface renderings. k–o: Carpolithes sp. 3 USNM PAL 772368. Scale bar = 5 mm. k: Ventral view of the specimen, note flared apical extension, reflected light, uncoated. l: Dorsal view illustrating the flared apical extension, rotated 180o from (k). m: Lateral view rotated 90° from that in (l). n: Apical view, the apical extension with central pore (arrow) and a clear lineation running down the side to the top of the image. o: Basal view. l–o: Micro-CT scan surface renderings. p–t: Carpolithes sp. 4. USNM PAL 772369. Scale bar = 3 mm. p: Basal view illustrating the concentric rings of radiating possible cells surrounding a central depression. q: Lateral view, base down, note possible cellular pattern. r: Lateral view, rotated 180° from (q), base down; p–r: reflected light, palladium coated. s, t: Basal and lateral views, micro-CT scan surface renderings.
Text-fig. 9. Carpolithes (a–r). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 5. USNM PAL 772370. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe descending from apex toward viewer. b: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe on right. c: Lateral view, opposite side, apex up, possible raphe on left. d: Apical view, note central pit with raphe descending towards bottom margin. e–h: Carpolithes sp. 6. USNM PAL 772371. Scale bar = 5 mm. e: Basal view illustrating depression and keel in plane of bisymmetry, reflected light, palladium coated. f–h: Micro-CT scan surface rendering. f: Lateral view showing relatively smooth rounded surface. g: Specimen rotated 180° from (f), surface partially eroded. h: Longitudinal view, showing median keel. i–m: Carpolithes sp. 7 USNM PAL 772372. Scale bar = 5 mm. i: View of intact face of globose fruit, possible apical constriction at top. j: Lateral view, intact surface to right, possible apical constriction at top, both micro-CT scan surface renderings. k: Apical view. l: Face view illustrating the mineral filling and the fine, radiating structure of the fruit wall on the left and right margins, both reflected light, palladium coated. m: Closeup of the cellular layer on the left of (l), micro-CT scan surface rendering. n–p: Carpolithes sp. 8. USNM PAL 772373. Scale bar = 3 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. n: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, one ridge running vertically in the center of view, the other two forming the left and right margins. o: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, ridge in (n) on the left. p: End-on view illustrating one convex, one concave, and one relatively flat to very slightly concave face. q, r: Carpolithes sp. 9 USNM PAL 772374. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. q: Exterior of the smooth broken half-sphere. r: Interior of the broken half-sphere. in The Early Middle Eocene Wagon Bed Carpoflora Of Central Wyoming, U.S.A.
Text-fig. 9. Carpolithes (a–r). a–d: Carpolithes sp. 5. USNM PAL 772370. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. a: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe descending from apex toward viewer. b: Lateral view of seed, apex up, possible raphe on right. c: Lateral view, opposite side, apex up, possible raphe on left. d: Apical view, note central pit with raphe descending towards bottom margin. e–h: Carpolithes sp. 6. USNM PAL 772371. Scale bar = 5 mm. e: Basal view illustrating depression and keel in plane of bisymmetry, reflected light, palladium coated. f–h: Micro-CT scan surface rendering. f: Lateral view showing relatively smooth rounded surface. g: Specimen rotated 180° from (f), surface partially eroded. h: Longitudinal view, showing median keel. i–m: Carpolithes sp. 7 USNM PAL 772372. Scale bar = 5 mm. i: View of intact face of globose fruit, possible apical constriction at top. j: Lateral view, intact surface to right, possible apical constriction at top, both micro-CT scan surface renderings. k: Apical view. l: Face view illustrating the mineral filling and the fine, radiating structure of the fruit wall on the left and right margins, both reflected light, palladium coated. m: Closeup of the cellular layer on the left of (l), micro-CT scan surface rendering. n–p: Carpolithes sp. 8. USNM PAL 772373. Scale bar = 3 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. n: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, one ridge running vertically in the center of view, the other two forming the left and right margins. o: Lateral view of pyrene-like structure, ridge in (n) on the left. p: End-on view illustrating one convex, one concave, and one relatively flat to very slightly concave face. q, r: Carpolithes sp. 9 USNM PAL 772374. Scale bar = 5 mm, reflected light, palladium coated. q: Exterior of the smooth broken half-sphere. r: Interior of the broken half-sphere.
Dataset for the research paper "Computational and experimental investigation of thermally auxetic multi-metal lattice structures produced by Laser Powder Bed Fusion"
<p>The aim of this study is to investigate the potential of tailoring the structural thermal expansion properties of a multi-metal re-entrant lattice structure made of 316L stainless steel and CuCr1Zr copper alloy. Several geometric configurations with different layout of parent materials were designed and tested for their ability to thermally expand at elevated temperature. The study showed that one of the geometric configurations with the chosen material layouts allows to exceed the expansion range that can be achieved by both parent materials. The prediction of the finite element analysis was thus confirmed by experimental measurements. In addition, the influence of manufacturing imperfections in the form of geometric deviations and non-optimal material deposition was also investigated, and the results showed that this has a significant influence on the overall expansion. In conclusion, it was found that it is possible to tailor multi-metal lattice structures to a specific expansion, but the disadvantages associated with manufacturing must first be eliminated.</p>
Influence of feature size and shape on corrosion of 316L lattice structures fabricated by laser powder bed fusion
<p><strong>An open dataset for the paper with the same title: "<em>Influence of feature size and shape on corrosion of 316L lattice structures fabricated by laser powder bed fusion</em>". </strong></p> <p><strong>The dataset contains, for example, 3D models, original and analyzed microCT data, video visualizations, tensile testing .csv files, microscopy images, and code resources. Selected works are presented as part of the paper.</strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p><em>Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) has become an established method for manufacturing end-use metal components. Exploiting the geometric freedom of additive manufacturing (AM) offers broad possibilities for part optimization and enables performance enhancements across industry sectors. However, part shape and feature size have been found to locally affect residual stresses, melt pool cooling rates, microstructure, and thus the mechanical properties of </em><em>components. Even though the mesoscale structure can locally induce microstructural changes, there are no prior studies on how it influences corrosion. </em><em>Using AM-produced, optimized parts in critical applications necessitates a better understanding of their long-term performance. In this study, lattice structures were used to probe the influence of feature size and shape on corrosion susceptibility and its spatial localization.</em></p> <p><em>The susceptibility of submillimeter LPBF-fabricated 316L stainless steel </em><em>lattice structures to corrosion was investigated by conducting a 21-day immersion corrosion test in an aqueous 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Schoen gyroid and Schwarz </em><em>diamond triply periodic minimal surface lattices were manufactured with three unit cell sizes and wall thicknesses (0.867, 0.515, and 0.323 mm). The nominal surface and cross-sectional areas were the same for the two geometries. X-ray microcomputed tomography (microCT) scans before and after the corrosion test were compared for volumetric losses. <em>In addition, the </em>mechanical properties and microstructure of the samples were evaluated.</em></p> <p><em>As part of the study, a workflow to register, index, and analyze volumetric changes of consecutive microCT image stacks was developed. The method is fully reported and applicable to time-lapse studies with microCT. Three out of five of the 0.323 mm wall thickness lattices displayed visually aggressive pitting. Based on the microcomputed tomography data, the mass losses were localized either in the entrapped powder particles or partially melted surface globules. Corrosion did not occur in the dense base material. The total mass losses ranged from 8 to 19 mg. Despite visual indications to support a higher corrosion susceptibility for the smallest lattice sizes, the mass loss values did not confirm this conclusion. The tensile test results did not provide any clear indications of latent corrosion effects on mechanical properties.</em></p> <p> </p> <p><em>Version 1.1: 'Microstructure.zip' was revised. Metallographic preparation and Beraha II etching was redone for selected samples. New images and grain size (and grain distribution) measurements were added.</em></p> <p><em>Version 1.2: 'CT_Data_Heatmap_example.zip' was added. </em></p>
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF FLOW STRUCTURE AND HEAT TRANSFER IN BUBBLING FLUIDIZED BEDS
<p>The videos show the movements of selected particles in different geometries of fluidized bed heat exchangers. Two geometries without auxiliary measures and one with air cushion technology are shown.</p>
Data from: Local coastal configuration rather than latitudinal gradient shape clonal diversity and genetic structure of Phymatolithon calcareum maerl beds in North European Atlantic
Maerl beds are one of the world's key coastal ecosystems and are threatened by human activities and global change. In this study, the genetic diversity and structure of one of the major European maerl-forming species, Phymatolithon calcareum, was studied using eight microsatellite markers. Two sampling scales (global: North East Atlantic and regional: Galicia) were investigated and fifteen maerl beds from Atlantic Europe were sampled. At the regional-scale the location of sites outside and within four estuaries allowed to test for the influence of coastal configuration on population connectivity and genetic diversity. Results suggested that clonal reproduction plays an important role in the population dynamics of P. calcareum maerl beds. Clonality was variable among populations, even within the same region. At the European scale, these differences in clonality cannot be explained by the geographic or latitudinal distribution of the populations studied. A significant genetic differentiation was found among almost all population pairs and a positive correlation between geographic and genetic distances showed the limited dispersal capacity of P. calcareum. Moreover, a very clear pattern of genetic structure was revealed at the regional scale between populations located within and at the mouth of the estuaries. Genetic differentiation among estuaries was less marked for the sites located in outer-zones compared to those located in the inner-zones. In addition, variation in level of clonality linked to seascape was also observed: populations situated in the outer-zones of the estuaries were less clonal than those in the inner-zones. Finally, populations from the same estuary generally shared one or several mutilocus genotypes.
Data from: Macrobenthic assemblage structure in a cool-temperate intertidal dwarf-eelgrass bed in comparison to those in lower latitudes.
The evolution and ecology of latitudinal patterns in marine macrofaunal biodiversity and assemblage structure are contentious. With the aim of investigating the occurrence of such patterns in intertidal dwarf-eelgrass beds (Nanozostera spp.), those at cool-temperate Scolt Head Island, UK (latitude 52°N), were examined and compared to equivalent systems in warm-temperate Knysna, South Africa (34°S), and subtropical Moreton Bay, Australia (27°S); systems that had earlier been examined using identical methodology. The Scolt Head bed supported the highest faunal density (mean 6,568 0.1m-2), lowest observed and estimated species richness (32 and 33 spp respectively), lowest species diversity (Simpson's Index 0.34), highest mean Constancy Index (23.0), lowest proportion of total numbers contributed by singletons or doubletons (0.06%), largest Berger-Parker Dominance (0.81), and least degree of variability between component samples. The beds at Knysna were intermediate between those at Scolt Head and Moreton Bay in all those respects, as well as in nature and composition of the fauna. Similar dwarf-eelgrass beds at Arcachon, France, likewise appear intermediate between those of Scolt Head and Knysna. Community variance in all three regions was greatest at the smallest spatial scale of ≤1 m, at which scale two of the three also displayed randomly organized faunal assemblages, although this changed to non-random at larger spatial scales. Assemblages were deterministically structured at all spatial scales at Knysna. A consistent series of changes in structural characteristics of macrofaunal dwarf-eelgrass assemblages therefore occurred along the latitudinal sequence of Scolt Head (530): Arcachon (450): Knysna (340): Moreton Bay (270). Community assembly patterns did not change with latitude, however, but did so with spatial scale in two of the three regions.
Data from: Population structure and genetic diversity among eelgrass (Zostera marina) beds and depths in San Francisco Bay
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Data from: Local coastal configuration rather than latitudinal gradient shape clonal diversity and genetic structure of Phymatolithon calcareum maerl beds in North European Atlantic
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Data from: Macrobenthic assemblage structure in a cool-temperate intertidal dwarf-eelgrass bed in comparison to those in lower latitudes.
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Dataset from: Reed bed vegetation structure and plant species diversity depend on management type and the time period since last management by Andersen et al. 2020 Applied Vegetation Science
<p>The dataset behind the paper Reed bed vegetation structure and plant species diversity depend on management type and the time period since last management by Andersen et al. 2020, Applied Vegetation Science, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12531">https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12531</a></p> <p>The data contains information on the vegetation of four reed bed treatments all located within De Østlige Vejler, Denmark:</p> <p>- A 0-year-old harvested reed bed</p> <p>- A 0-year-old cut reed bed (reed stems left behind)</p> <p>- A 3-year-old harvested reed bed</p> <p>- A 25-year-old harvested reed bed</p>
Improving predictions of critical shear stress in gravel bed rivers: identifying the onset of sediment transport and quantifying sediment structure: Dataset
<p>This dataset accompanies the paper: Hodge RA, Voepel HE, Yager EM, Leyland J, Johnson JPL, Sear DA, Ahmed S. Improving predictions of critical shear stress in gravel bed rivers: identifying the onset of sediment transport and quantifying sediment structure. In review for Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. </p> <p>These data are from Figure 3 to 6. The aim of this part of the paper was to assess different methods for measuring the grain-scale sediment structure of a gravel-bed river. The approaches used are direct measurements, terrestrial laser scanning, and CT scanning. </p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.