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9 results for “Bednets”
Data from: Barrier bednets target malaria vectors and expand the range of usable insecticides
<p>Transmission of <i>Plasmodium falciparum </i>malaria parasites occurs when nocturnal <i>Anopheles </i>mosquito vectors feed on human blood. In Africa, where malaria burden is greatest, bednets treated with pyrethroid insecticide were highly effective in preventing mosquito bites and reducing transmission, and essential to achieving unprecedented reductions in malaria until 2015. Since then, progress has stalled and with insecticidal bednets losing efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant <i>Anopheles</i> vectors, methods that restore performance are urgently needed to eliminate any risk of malaria returning to the levels seen prior to their widespread use throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Here we show that the primary malaria vector <i>Anopheles gambiae</i> is targeted and killed by small insecticidal net barriers positioned above a standard bednet, in a spatial region of high mosquito activity but zero contact with sleepers, opening the way for deploying many more insecticides on bednets than currently possible. Tested against wild pyrethroid-resistant <i>Anopheles gambiae </i>in Burkina Faso, pyrethroid bednets with organophosphate barriers achieved significantly higher killing rates than bednets alone. Treated barriers on untreated bednets were equally effective, without significant loss of personal protection. Mathematical modelling of transmission dynamics predicted reductions in clinical malaria incidence with barrier bednets that exceeded those of 'next-generation' nets recommended by WHO against resistant vectors. Mathematical models of mosquito-barrier interactions identified alternative barrier designs to increase performance. Barrier bednets that overcome insecticide resistance are feasible using existing insecticides and production technology, and early implementation of affordable vector control tools is a realistic prospect.</p>
Data from: Barrier bednets target malaria vectors and expand the range of usable insecticides
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Data from: The impact of pyrethroid resistance on the efficacy and effectiveness of bednets for malaria control in Africa
Long lasting pyrethroid treated bednets are the most important tool for preventing malaria. Pyrethroid resistant Anopheline mosquitoes are now ubiquitous in Africa though the public health impact remains unclear, impeding the deployment of more expensive nets. Meta-analyses of bioassay studies and experimental hut trials are used to characterise how pyrethroid resistance changes the efficacy of standard bednets, and those containing the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and assess its impact on malaria control. New bednets provide substantial personal protection until high levels of resistance though protection may wane faster against more resistant mosquito populations as nets age. Transmission dynamics models indicate that even low levels of resistance would increase the incidence of malaria due to reduced mosquito mortality and lower overall community protection over the life-time of the net. Switching to PBO bednets could avert up to 0.5 clinical cases per person per year in some resistance scenarios.
Effectiveness Study of New Generation Bednets in the Context of Conventional Insecticide Resistance in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03289663. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
A Trial of the Combined Impact of Intermittent Preventive Treatment and Insecticide Treated Bednets in Reducing Morbidity From Malaria in African Children
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00738946. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 4.
A Stitch in Time May Save Lives: Turning Poor Bednets Into Good Ones
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00169117. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: The impact of pyrethroid resistance on the efficacy and effectiveness of bednets for malaria control in Africa
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Effects of Insecticide Treated Bednets on Child Morbidity and Mortality
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00225368. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Effect of Bednets and a Water Purification Device on HIV Disease Progression Among ART naïve Patients in Kenya
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00914225. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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