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FIG. 16 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 16. — Known locations of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 species; A, B. laubieri and B. leptosoma; B, B. acuticauda, B. filiformis, B. gracilis and B. megala; C, B. conicauda, B. diploptera, B. filiformis, B. minuta and B. rotundicauda; D, B. conicauda, B. filiformis, B. laubieri and B. megala; E, B. hopei and B. leptosoma; F, B. acuticauda and B. minuta; G, B. arnaudi, B. edouardensis, B. filiformis, B. hureaui, B. improvisa n. sp., B. marionensis, B. petterae n. sp.

FIG. 15 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 15. — Morphological series of the testes of the male of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (based on Petter [1982b: fig. 3], modified and supplied); A, B. breviptera Petter, 1982; B, B. petterae n. sp.; C, B. leptosoma Petter, 1981; D, B. gracilis Petter, 1982; E, B. diploptera Petter, 1981; F, B. improvisa n. sp.

FIG. 14 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 14. — Main types of Benthimermis Petter, 1980 female reproductive systems (germinal zones are indicated by the hatching); A, telogonic reflected ovaries (most species); B, telogonic outstretched ovaries (two known species); C, hologonic ovaries of B. turpicauda n. sp.; D, hologonic ovaries of B. megala Petter 1987. Abbreviations: o, oocytes or eggs; od, oviduct; v, vulva.

FIG. 13. — Benthimermis turpicauda n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 13. — Benthimermis turpicauda n. sp.,; A, C-E, G, holotype (MNHN 317 BF); B, F, H, paratype (MNHN 333 BF); A, total view; B, total view; C, cephalic end; D, a part of the trophosome at the midbody; E, reproductive system; F, reproductive system; G, tail; H, tail. Abbreviations: a, amphid; l.ch, lateral hypodermal chord; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; o, oocytes or eggs; ov, ovary; ph, vestigial pharynx; r, rectum; t, trophosome. Scale bars: A, B, 500 µm; C, G, H, 50 µm; D-F, 100 µm.

FIG. 12. — Benthimermis tchesunovi n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 12. — Benthimermis tchesunovi n. sp., holotype (MNHN 362 BF); A, total view; B, cephalic end; C, tail; D, part of the trophosome at the midbody; E, reproductive system. Abbreviations: a, amphid; o, oocytes or eggs; od, oviduct; ov, ovary; t, trophosome. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B-D, 50 µm; E, 100 µm.

FIG. 11. — Benthimermis pseudominuta n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 11. — Benthimermis pseudominuta n. sp., holotype (MNHN 329 BF); A, cephalic end; B, tail; C, reproductive system; D, total view. Abbreviations: a, amphid; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; o, oocytes or eggs; od, oviduct; ov, ovary; ph, vestigial pharynx; r, rectum; t, trophosome; v, vulva. Scale bars: A, B, 50 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 500 µm.

FIG. 9. — Benthimermis petterae n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 9. — Benthimermis petterae n. sp.,; A-E, H, allotype (MNHN 323 BF); F, G, paratype (MNHN 330 BF); A, total view; B, tail; C, D, cephalic end; E, reproductive system; F, tail; G, cephalic end; H, body wall at the anterior end, laterally. Abbreviations: a, amphid; c.su, cuticle surface; l.ch, lateral hypodermal chord; I.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; od, oviduct; ov, ovary; ph, vestigial pharynx; t, trophosome; v.g, vulvar glands. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B-D, F-H, 50 µm; E, 200 µm.

FIG. 10. — Benthimermis platyptera n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 10. — Benthimermis platyptera n. sp., holotype (MNHN 331 BF); A, total view; B, C, cephalic end; D, tail; E, anterior testis; F, posterior testis. Abbreviations: a, amphid; gd, gonoduct; h.g, hypodermal gland; l.a, lateral alae; m, somatic musculature; ph, vestigial pharynx; s, spicule; su.or, supplementary organ; t, trophosome; te, testis. Scale bars: A, 2000 µm; B-F, 20 µm.

FIG. 3 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 3. — Benthimermis filiformis Petter, 1987, (see Tables 1 and 2 for locations and measurements), cross-section at level of trophosome of specimen No. 4 (reconstruction based on TEMphotos). Abbreviations: c, cuticle; l.ch, lateral hypodermal chord; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; m.ch, median hypodermal chord; t, trophosome. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 8. — Benthimermis petterae n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 8. — Benthimermis petterae n. sp., holotype (MNHN 330 BF); A, total view; B, C, cephalic end; D, tail; E, posterior testis; F, anterior testis. Abbreviations: a, amphid; gd, gonoduct; l.a, lateral alae; ph, vestigial pharynx; r, rectum; s, spicule; su.or, supplementary organ; t, trophosome; te, testis. Scale bars: A, 1000 µm; B-F, 50 µm.

FIG. 6. — Benthimermis improvisa n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 6. — Benthimermis improvisa n. sp., holotype (MNHN 332 BF); A, total view; B-D, cephalic end; E, tail; F, part of the trophosome at the midbody; G, beginning of the testis; H, end of the testis. Abbreviations: a, amphid; gd, gonoduct; l.a, lateral alae; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; ph, vestigial pharynx; s, spicule; su.or, supplementary organ; t, trophosome; te, testis; v.ch, ventral chord; v.g, vulvar glands. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B-E, 50 µm; F-H, 20 µm.

FIG. 5. — Benthimermis ifremeri n in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 5. — Benthimermis ifremeri n. sp., holotype (MNHN 335 BF); A, cephalic end; B, tail; C, reproductive system; D, total view. Abbreviations: a, amphid; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; m.ch, median hypodermal chord; ov, ovary; ph, vestigial pharynx; r, rectum; v, vulva. Scale bars: A, B, 50 µm; C, 200 µm; D, 500 µm.

FIG. 1 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 1. — Benthimermis filiformis Petter, 1987, (see Tables 1 and 2 for locations and measurements of specimens); A, reproductive system of specimen No. 3; B, total view of specimen No. 3; C-E, cephalic end of specimen No. 4; F, cephalic end of specimen No. 3; G, tail of specimen No. 4; H, tail of specimen No. 3. Abbreviations: a, amphid; m, somatic musculature; o, oocytes or eggs; ov, ovary; t, trophosome. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, 500 µm; C-H, 50 µm.

FIG. 2 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 2. — Benthimermis filiformis Petter, 1987, (see Tables 1 and 2 for locations and measurements of specimens); A, cephalic end of specimen No. 1; B, tail of specimen No. 1; C, cephalic end of specimen No. 6; D, tail of specimen No. 6; E, F, cephalic end of specimen No. 2; G, tail of specimen No. 7. Abbreviations: a, amphid; l.ch, lateral hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; ph, vestigial pharynx; s.s, hypodermal gland connected with somatic sensillum; t, trophosome. Scale bars: 50 µm.

FIG. 4 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 4. — Benthimermis hureaui Petter, 1983, (see Tables 3 and 4 for locations and measurements of specimens); A, total view of specimen No. 2; B, cephalic end of specimen No. 2; C, cephalic end of specimen No. 1; D, reproductive system of specimen No. 2; E, tail of specimen No. 2; F, tail of specimen No. 1; G, region of the vulva of specimen No. 1. Abbreviations: a, amphid; h.c, hypodermal cells; l.ch, lateral hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; ov, ovary; ph, vestigial pharynx; t, trophosome; v.g, vulvar glands. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B-G, 50 µm.

FIG. 7 in New findings of deep-sea nematodes of genus Benthimermis Petter, 1980 (Nematoda, Benthimermithidae) with description of seven new species

FIG. 7. — Benthimermis marionensis Petter, 1983,; A, total view; B, cephalic end; C, tail; D, region of vulva; E, body wall at the anterior end, laterally. Abbreviations: a, amphid; l.-m.ch, lateromedian hypodermal chord; m, somatic musculature; m.ch, median hypodermal chord; od, oviduct; ph, vestigial pharynx; t, trophosome; v, vulva; v.g, vulvar glands. Scale bars: A, 1000 µm; B-E, 50 µm.

FIGURE 9 in Description of Bathynema nodinauti gen. n., sp. n. and four new Trophomera species (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (Eastern Tropic Pacific), supplemented with the keys to genera and species*

FIGURE 9. Trophomera sp., male. A, B, cephalic end; C, posterior end; D, spicula. Abbreviations: l.a = lateral ala; a = amphid; v.d = vas deferens.

FIGURE 5 in Description of Bathynema nodinauti gen. n., sp. n. and four new Trophomera species (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (Eastern Tropic Pacific), supplemented with the keys to genera and species*

FIGURE 5. Trophomera minutissima sp. n., female, holotype. A, total view; B, genital system; C, cephalic end, lateral view; D, posterior end. Abbreviation: a = amphid.

FIGURE 2. Bathynema nodinauti gen. n in Description of Bathynema nodinauti gen. n., sp. n. and four new Trophomera species (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (Eastern Tropic Pacific), supplemented with the keys to genera and species*

FIGURE 2. Bathynema nodinauti gen. n. sp. n., male, holotype. A, anterior end, lateral view; B, anterior end laterally, surface view; C, anterior end, frontal view; D, posterior end; E, spicula.

FIGURE 12 in Description of Bathynema nodinauti gen. n., sp. n. and four new Trophomera species (Nematoda: Benthimermithidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (Eastern Tropic Pacific), supplemented with the keys to genera and species*

FIGURE 12. Main types of Trophomera female reproductive systems. A, two testes directed anterior; B, testes arranged consecutively in tandem and connected by joint spermaduct, posterior testis having a small caecum directed anterior; C, testes arranged consecutively in tandem and connected by joint spermaduct; D, testes arranged consecutively in tandem and connected by joint shortened spermaduct; E, testes almost merged; F, testes merged in one long testis. From Miljutin (2004).