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35 results for “Biomass Dynamics”
Plant biomass dynamics following logging, burning, and thinning in Watersheds 6 and 7, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1979 to 2021
Watersheds 6 (WS06) and 7 (WS07) at the HJ Andrews are part of a three-watershed study initiated in the 1970’s to examine the response of hydrology and forest vegetation to logging. In 1974, Watershed 6 was clearcut logged; Watershed 7 was shelterwood cut, leaving 75-100 overstory trees per hectare (comprising about 40% of the original basal area). A nearby watershed (WS08) serves as an unlogged control. In 1975, all of Watershed 6 and the portion of WS07 below the road were broadcast-burned. In 1976, both watersheds were planted with Douglas-fir seedlings. Natural regeneration of Douglas-fir and western hemlock also established. In 1984, the remnant overstory trees in WS07 were harvested, and in 2001 the young stand in WS07 was thinned to about 550 trees per hectare. The thinning was not planned but provides an interesting twist to the study. The watersheds are located along the northern boundary of the HJA off the 327 and 328 roads, at elevations ranging from 850 to 1,160 m. Initial vegetation measurements were taken in the summer of 2002 in watersheds 6 and 7 for the purpose of characterizing plant succession after thinning in a small, high-elevation watershed. Understory vegetation plots are remeasured at approximately 6 year intervals.
SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: biomass of kelp forest species, ongoing since 2008
These data represent values of biomass density for more than 200 species of macroalgae, invertebrates and fish measured in fixed plots at five reefs as part of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. Taxon-specific relationships between size and mass were applied to field measurements of species abundance to estimate biomass density of each species. The five reefs (Arroyo Quemada 34°28.048’N, 120°07.031’W; Carpinteria 34°23.474’N, 119°32.510’W; Isla Vista 34°23.275’N, 119°32.792’W; Mohawk 34°23.649’N, 119°43.762’W; and Naples 34° 25.342’N, 119° 57.102’W) ranged in depth from 5.8 m to 8.9 m (MLLW) and were chosen to represent a range of physical and biological characteristics known to influence subtidal macroalgal assemblages in the region.
Summer water chemistry, high frequency sensors, zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrate community composition, periphyton, fish, and macrophyte biomass, along with lake metabolism and greenhouse gas dynamics in six experimental ponds in central Iowa, USA (2020)
This data product contains physical, chemical, and biological data ranging from the minute to daily to weekly scale in six artificial ponds (400 square meter surface area, 2m depth) in central Iowa (USA) 2020. Ponds were paired into three sets of treatment and reference with treatment ponds receiving two nutrient pulses designed to increase ambient phosphorus concentrations ~ 3 - 5%. Nitrogen and phosphorus were added as NH4NO3 and H3PO4, respectively, at a 24:1 molar ratio. The first nutrient pulse occurred on Julian day of year (DOY) 176 corresponding to a 3% increase and the second nutrient pulse occurred on DOY 211 to a 5% increase. Each treatment-reference set had a different food web structure established ranging between low, intermediate, and high complexity based on trophic connectivity and food chain length. Added to this data package is a document titled "2020 Iowa State University Horticultural Farm Experimental Ponds Nutrient Addition Experiment". For experimental set up, context, and a summary table of the data tables archived herein with available variables please review this document. It is added to aid in successful interpretation and to increase ease-of-use. Please email Tyler Butts (tyler.james.butts@gmail.com) for any and all questions regarding context or use of this dataset!
Plant succession and biomass dynamics following logging and burning in Watersheds 1 and 3, Andrews Experimental Forest, 1962 to Present
Watersheds 1 and 3 in the HJ Andrews Experimental Forest have a long history of hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological study. Long-term successional studies in the two watersheds are unprecedented in their scope and duration (1962 to present), spanning more than 50 years of post-logging measurements. To date, studies have focused on understory responses to logging and burning, early stand developmental processes (tree growth and mortality), and understory responses to canopy closure. Understory sampling was initiated in 1962, prior to harvest, and includes approximately 190, 2 x 2 m permanent understory plots. Measurements include estimates of ground-surface conditions and abundance (cover and biomass) of herbaceous, shrub, and tree species. After broadcast burning (1963 in WS3, 1966 in WS1) plots were sampled annually through 1972/1973, but less frequently thereafter (every 2-6 years). Studies of early stand development were initiated in 1979/1980, with sample plots collocated with the understory plots. In each of approximately 190, 250 m2 tree plots, all conifer and hardwood stems greater than or equal to 1.4 m tall are tagged, measured for diameter, and assessed for status (live or dead, including the cause of mortality). Both watersheds experienced recent snow-related windthrow (2019, 2020) and parts of WS1 burned in 2020 during the Holiday Farm Fire, adding complexity to the structure and composition of the understory and overstory communities.
SBC LTER: Reef: Seasonal Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Detritus biomass
These data describe the abundance of macroalgal detritus (grams wet mass m-2) as part of SBCLTER's seasonal kelp forest monitoring program to track long-term patterns in species abundance and diversity. Detritus was collected in six permanent 1 m2 quadrats positioned uniformly along 40 m transects in each sampling plot. Sample collections were brought back to the laboratory, identified to species and weighed wet. The seasonal surveys were initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel, California, US.
SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Kelp Forest Data to support "Estimating biomass of benthic kelp forest invertebrates from body size and percent cover"
These data describe quantitative relationships between wet mass and length or wet mass and percent cover, and conversion factors to transform wet mass into dry mass, shell-free and decalcified dry mass, and ash-free dry mass for 84 species of benthic macroinvertebrates common to giant kelp forests in southern California. Data are based on organisms collected from sites in the Santa Barbara Channel between April 2010 and May 2014. These measurements are intended to facilitate the conversion of invertebrate abundance into common metrics of biomass, for quantitative studies of community dynamics, trophic interactions, energy flow and biodiversity. Converting numerical abundance (i.e., organism density) to biomass requires information on the relationship between individual size and biomass. For colonial and small aggregating taxa that are numerous and indistinct, measures of abundance are usually proportional (e.g., percent cover). Hence, converstions are taxa-specific, based on either size or cover, and a variety of metrics of species biomass are included, e.g., wet mass, shell-free wet mass, ash-free dry mass. Data are published in Reed, D. C, J. C. Nelson, S. L. Harrer, and R. J. Miller, Estimating biomass of benthic kelp forest invertebrates from body size and percent cover data. Marine Biology. DOI: 10.1007/s00227-016-2879-x. From the paper abstract: The inability to compare different measures of species abundance (such as density and percent cover) or different metrics of species biomass (such as wet mass and ash-free dry mass) hampers quantitative studies of community dynamics, trophic interactions, energy flow and biodiversity. This has been especially problematic for the dynamic and highly productive communities inhabiting shallow reefs in temperate seas where varied metrics are commonly used to characterize the abundance and biomass of different suites of species. Regressions for all 84 species were highly significant and regression fits were very good for mos
Simulated Forest Aboveground Biomass Dynamics, Northeastern USA
<p>This dataset includes aboveground biomass (AGB) growth trajectories for the first 300 years of forest succession over the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) domain, which includes the states of Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont. These data were derived from a process-based ecosystem model called the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model (Hurtt et al 1998; Moorcroft et al. 2001; Ma et al. 2022a). Here, ED was run at a spatial resolution of 1 km with forcings including meteorology from Daymet (Thornton et al 2016) and MERRA2 (Gelaro et al. 2017) and soil hydraulic properties from POLARIS (Chaney et al 2016) and CONUS-SOIL (Miller and White 1998). This dataset is spatially interpolated from its native resolution of 1 km to 30 m to support small scale data analysis. The unit is kg C/m2.</p> <p>This dataset can support multiple applications relevant to reforestation and afforestation planning. Utilizing this stack of annualized and spatially explicit forest growth trajectories, data users can estimate how much carbon could be stored via natural regeneration in any particular geographic location by any point over the next 300 years under current environmental conditions (air temperature, precipitation, CO2, etc). These data are currently being utilized by the State of Maryland to support climate-smart afforestation and serve as the basis for several carbon sequestration calculations in the University of Maryland Peer-Reviewed Offset Protocol for Maryland Reforestation/Afforestation Projects.</p> <p>This dataset is the underlying input to a high-resolution forest carbon modeling system developed for the RGGI region. This modeling system combines modeled AGB growth with forest canopy height from airborne lidar data and tree cover fraction to estimate contemporary AGB, carbon sequestration potential, carbon sequestration potential gap and time to reach carbon sequestration potential. More details about the modeling system and ED simulation can be found Ma et al. 2021 and related data products can be found in Ma et al. 2022b.</p> <p>For questions and support please contact lma6@umd.edu, rachlamb@umd.edu and gchurtt@umd.edu. </p> <p><strong>References</strong></p> <p>Chaney N W, Wood E F, McBratney A B, Hempel J W, Nauman T W, Brungard C W and Odgers N P 2016 POLARIS: a 30-meter probabilistic soil series map of the contiguous United States Geoderma 274 54–67. <br> https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.03.025 </p> <p>Gelaro R et al 2017 The modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, version 2 (MERRA-2) J. Clim. 30 5419–54. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1 <br> Hurtt, G.C., P.R. Moorcroft, S.W. Pacala, and S.A. Levin. 1998 Terrestrial models and global change: challenges for the future. Global Change Biology 4:581-590. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.t01-1-00203.x</p> <p>Ma, L., G. Hurtt, H. Tang, R. Lamb, E. Campbell, R. Dubayah, M. Guy, W. Huang, A. Lister, J. Lu, J. O’Neil-Dunne, A. Rudee, Q. Shen, and C. Silva. 2021. High-resolution forest carbon modelling for climate mitigation planning over the RGGI region, USA. Environmental Research Letters 16:045014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abe4f4</p> <p>Ma, L., G. Hurtt, L. Ott, R. Sahajpal, J. Fisk, R. Lamb, H. Tang, S. Flanagan, L. Chini, A. Chatterjee, and J. Sullivan. 2022a. Global evaluation of the Ecosystem Demography model (ED v3.0). Geoscientific Model Development 15:1971–1994. https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-1971-2022 </p> <p>Ma, L., G.C. Hurtt, H. Tang, R. Lamb, E. Campbell, R.O. Dubayah, M. Guy, W. Huang, J. Lu, A. Rudee, Q. Shen, C.E. Silva, and A.J. Lister. 2022b. Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential, Northeastern USA. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1922 </p> <p>Miller D A and White R A 1998 A conterminous United States multilayer soil characteristics dataset for regional climate and hydrology modeling Earth Interact. 2 1–26 </p> <p>Moorcroft, P. R., G.C. Hurtt. and S.W. Pacala, 2001 A method for scaling vegetation dynamics: the ecosystem demography model (ED) Ecol. Monogr. 71 557–86. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9615(2001)071[0557:AMFSVD]2.0.CO;2 </p> <p>Thornton, M.M., Thornton P E, Wei Y, Mayer B W, Cook R B and Vose R S 2016 Daymet: monthly climate summaries on a 1-km grid for North America, version 3 (available at: https://daac.ornl.gov/cgi-bin/dsviewer.pl?ds_id=1345)</p>
Рис. 2. Сезонная Αинамика чисΛенности и биомассы зоопΛанктона оз. Арейское в 2019– 2020 гг. Fig. 2. Seasonal dynamics of the zooplankton abundance and biomass in the Areiskoye Lake in 2019–2020 in Zooplankton of the Areiskoye Lake (Ingoda River basin, Trans-Baikal Territory)
Рис. 2. Сезонная Αинамика чисΛенности и биомассы зоопΛанктона оз. Арейское в 2019– 2020 гг. Fig. 2. Seasonal dynamics of the zooplankton abundance and biomass in the Areiskoye Lake in 2019–2020
Dataset - Nutrients and biomass dynamics in photo-sequencing batch reactors treating wastewater with high nutrients loadings
<p>The data set attached consists of one excel file where the data from the article “<strong>Nutrients and biomass dynamics in photo-sequencing batch reactors treating wastewater with high nutrients loadings”</strong>, published in Ecological Engineering (vol. 119, 15<sup>th</sup> August 2018, 35-44.), can be found, as well as the different equations and formulae that were used to obtain the published results.</p>
Data and Code for Blaszczak et al. 2023, Models of underlying autotrophic biomass dynamics fit to daily river ecosystem productivity estimates improve understanding of ecosystem disturbance and resilience
<p>Data and code for analyses in Blaszczak et al. 2023, Models of underlying autotrophic biomass dynamics fit to daily river ecosystem productivity estimates improve understanding of ecosystem disturbance and resilience.</p> <p>See publication and ReadMe file for analysis description and further details. </p> <p>bioRxiv pre-print: Blaszczak, J.R., Yackulic, C., Shriver, R., & R.O. Hall, Jr. 2023. Models of underlying autotrophic biomass dynamics fit to daily river ecosystem productivity estimates improve understanding of ecosystem disturbance and resilience. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.04.11.535773</p>
Spatial, environmental, and functional distances among temporal ponds attenuate synchronization, stabilizing plant richness and biomass dynamics
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Aboveground Standing Crop Biomass:Nutrient Network A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Aboveground biomass on and around gopher mounds 2017:Experiment 014 - Successional Dynamics on a Resampled Chronosequence
The purpose of this observational study is to describe the dynamics of ecosystem succession. The change in the number, type, and amount of plant and grazing animal species is monitored in more than 20 fields. These fields were previously cultivated, but then abandoned from agriculture at various times in the past. The fields were left undisturbed for plants to develop from seeds within the soil or brought into the fields by wind or animals. Permanent transects have been established in these abandoned fields for purposes of sampling in a consistent location from year to year. Permanent plots along these transects have been used to sample soil nutrients, (in particular, nitrogen) abundance of vegetation, species composition and herbivore populations. The sampling occurs approximately every 6 years. In the initial survey, 100 quadrats of size 1 by 0.5 m were sampled per field in 23 different fields. Abandoned fields included in E014 are 4, 5, 10, 21, 24, 26, 27, 28, 32, 35, 39, 40, 41, 44, 45, 47, 53, 70, 72, 76, 77. Fields 22(B), 29(A), and 69(C) were originally included in E014 but used for other purposes shortly after the start of the study. This experiment was established in 1983 and 1989 by principal investigators Johannes Knops and David Tilman. Past work at CDR and elsewhere has demonstrated an overriding influence of fire frequency in maintaining prairie openings and oak savanna at the prairie-forest border. Fire regimes harm some types of species while favoring others and drive light and nutrient dynamics, which in turn drive community functional attributes and diversity levels. Ultimately, fire frequency interacts with climate, N deposition, land use, and biotic invasion to determine the outcomes of tree-grass interactions and the dynamics of vegetation at ecotones such as the prairie-forest border in Minnesota. In 2006 each field was divided in half, and one half randomly chosen for periodic prescribed burning (a fire every other year). We anticipate that th
Plant above and belowground biomass across an N fertilization gradient after 13 years of fertilization:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Microbial Biomass Dynamics at the Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI (1989 to 1996)
Dataset Abstract The purpose of these studies is to determine patterns of microbial biomass dynamics in crop, successional and forest communities. This project consists of two studies involving microbial biomass determination in soil samples taken from the Main Cropping System Experiment (KBS004): Chloroform Fumigation-Incubation; Soil Microbial Biomass C and N, and Epifluorescence Microscopy and Image Analysis; Soil Microbial Biovolume and C. The data for both studies are generated from subsets of the same soil samples, collected from treatments 1 – 8, CF, DF, and SF. See the descriptor (KBS004) for treatment descriptions. Samples are collected approximately monthly (during ice-free conditions) or annually (varies by year) from 5 sampling stations in each of 6 replicate plots per treatment; exceptions are treatment 8 (four reps), and treatments CF, DF, and SF (three reps each). For experiment descriptions, protocols, and data, see individual datasets. Samples were collected by K. Klingensmith in 1989 and by S. Halstead in other years. D. Harris performed lab analysis, data entry, data analysis, and data submission. Original data files not available; contact the LTER data manager with questions. The data currently available was derived from web-based files which were last reviewed by D. Harris on 10-01-1997 and may be available from archives. original data source http://lter.kbs.msu.edu/datasets/14
Data from: Effects of soil type and light on height growth, biomass partitioning, and nitrogen dynamics on 22 species of tropical dry forest tree seedlings: comparisons between legumes and nonlegumes
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The seedling stage is particularly vulnerable to resource limitation, with potential consequences for community composition. We investigated how light and soil variation affected early growth, biomass partitioning, morphology, and physiology of 22 tree species common in tropical dry forest, including eight legumes. Our hypothesis was that legume seedlings are better at taking advantage of increased resource availability, which contributes to their successful regeneration in tropical dry forests. METHODS: We grew seedlings in a full-factorial design under two light levels in two soil types that differed in nutrient concentrations and soil moisture. We measured height biweekly and, at final harvest, biomass partitioning, internode segments, leaf carbon, nitrogen, δ 13 C, and δ 15 N. KEY RESULTS: Legumes initially grew taller and maintained that height advantage over time under all experimental conditions. Legumes also had the highest final total biomass and water-use efficiency in the high-light and high-resource soil. For nitrogen-fixing legumes, the amount of nitrogen derived from fixation was highest in the richer soil. Although seed mass tended to be larger in legumes, seed size alone did not account for all the differences between legumes and nonlegumes. Both belowground and aboveground resources were limiting to early seedling growth and function. CONCLUSIONS: Legumes may have a different regeneration niche, in that they germinate rapidly and grow taller than other species immediately after germination, maximizing their performance when light and belowground resources are readily available, and potentially permitting them to take advantage of high light, nutrient, and water availability at the beginning of the wet season.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland aboveground biomass in northern China and the alpine region: Impacts of climate change and human activities
<p>We employed CASA model to estimate grassland Net Primary Productivity and aboveground biomass A(AGB) from meteorological and GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) remote sensing data in northern China. We analyzed the dynamics of grassland AGB and impacts climate change and human activites.</p>
Spatiotemporal dynamics of grassland aboveground biomass in northern China and the alpine region: Impacts of climate change and human activities
<p>We employed CASA model to estimate grassland Net Primary Productivity and aboveground biomass A(AGB) from meteorological and GIMMS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) remote sensing data in northern China. We analyzed the dynamics of grassland AGB and impacts climate change and human activites.</p>
Data from dissertation: 'Landscape and Aboveground Biomass Dynamics of Brazilian Savanna using airborne LIDAR and MapBiomas datasets : case study of Rio Vermelho Watershed, Brazil'
<p>This dissertation was submitted to University of Manchester as part of MSc GIS program</p> <p>This repository contains:</p> <p>1) Contains the R language code used in the dissertation (CHM_&_LiDAR_metric.R; Landscape_metric.R; Generalized_Linear_Model.R; Random_Forest_Model.R).</p> <p><br> 2) Canopy Height Model (CHM) and 56 LiDAR metric raster files with a resolution of 1m (CHM_&_LiDAR_metric_2014.zip; CHM_&_LiDAR_metric_2018.zip), the original LiDAR data come from Brazil project supported by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA), the US Forest Service, USAID, and the US Department of State.</p> <p><br> 3) AGB raster files with a resolution of 10m (AGB_2014.tif; AGB_2018.tif; AGB_dynamic.tif), field plots used for AGB estimation come from Sabrinado Couto de Miranda from University of Goiás State (UEG), Brazil, and her team.</p> <p><br> 4) Landscape metric interpolation raster file (SHDI.tif; SHEI.tif; AREA_CV.tif; CIRCLE_MN.tif; SHAPE_MN.tif) with a resolution of 10m, land cover map Map come from Biomas team for landscape metric calculation.</p>
Human disturbance and aridity influence biomass harvesting by leaf-cutting ants with impacts on nutrient dynamics in a Caatinga dry forest
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