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31 results for “Boreal vegetation”
Data from: Effects of dispersal and geomorphology on riparian seedbanks and vegetation in a boreal stream
<p>SiteData: information that describes 20 riparian zones along Svartån, a boreal free-flowing stream, indicated per LocationID (column A). Coordinates are given in SWEREF 99 TM (column B and C) and degrees of longitude and latitude (column D and E). RPD refers to River Process Domain and takes one of three forms: lake, rapid or slow-flowing. Side of stream indicates plot placement when looking towards downstream. Data collection is described in the paper linked to below. </p> <p> </p> <p>LitterData: information that describes species lists of litter seedbanks from 20 riparian sites. Litter samples were taken in an unstandardised manner at each location. LocationID refers to locations as described in file SiteData, RPD refers to River Process Domain and takes one of three forms: lake, rapid or slow-flowing.</p> <p> </p> <p>SeedData: information that describes the soil seedbank composition from 20 riparian sites. LocationID refers to locations as described in file SiteData, RPD refers to River Process Domain and takes one of three forms: lake, rapid or slow-flowing. Layer refers to samples that are taken from from layer 0-1 cm in the soil, 1-5 cm or from 5-10 cm deep. Data collection is described in the paper linked to below. </p> <p> </p> <p>VegetationData: information that describes vegetation composition from 20 riparian sites. LocationID refers to locations as described in file SiteData, RPD refers to River Process Domain and takes one of three forms: lake, rapid or slow-flowing. Abundance is indicated following the categories in Table 1. Data collection is described in the paper linked to below. </p> <p> </p> <p>Table 1. Vegetation cover classes.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Code</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Cover (%)</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>0</p> </td> <td> <p>0</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>1</p> </td> <td> <p><1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>2</p> </td> <td> <p>1-3</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>3</p> </td> <td> <p>3-5</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>4</p> </td> <td> <p>5-15</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>5</p> </td> <td> <p>15-25</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>6</p> </td> <td> <p>25-50</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>7</p> </td> <td> <p>50-75</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>8</p> </td> <td> <p>75-100</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p>For more information, help or collaboration, please contact Jacqueline.Hoppenreijs@kau.se. If you use the data here in your work or research, please cite the publication appropriately.</p>
Data of LAI-L20C in Vegetation masking effect on future warming and snow albedo feedback in a boreal forest region of northern Eurasia according to MIROC-ESM
<p>Data of LAI-L20C experiment in the research paper: Vegetation masking effect on future warming and snow albedo feedback in a boreal forest region of northern Eurasia according to MIROC-ESM.</p> <p>The paper was submitted to JGR-Atmosphere.</p> <p>Variables are limited to those used in the paper.</p> <ul> <li>snow water equivalent (swe)</li> <li>snow cover fraction (snc)</li> <li>clear-sky downward shortwave radiation at surface (rsdscs)</li> <li>clear-sky upward shortwave radiation at surface (rsuscs)</li> <li>surface air temperature (tas)</li> </ul> <p>See the paper for the detail.</p>
Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021). in Floristic, Vegetation And Climate Assessment Of The Early/Middle Miocene Parschlug Flora Indicates A Distinctly Seasonal Climate
Text-fig. 1. Modern vegetation proxies as delivered by the Drudge 1 and 2 tools for Parschlug. Left column results from KovarEder et al. (2021) based on the floristic spectrum published by Kovar-Eder et al. (2004). The other three columns result from three variants using the enlarged floristic spectrum herein. Differences between variants 1–3 from this study are caused by differences in assignment of some taxa and morphotypes (see Appendix 1). European vegetation formations: Formation C – Subarctic, boreal and nemoral-montane open woodlands as well as subalpine and oro-Mediterranean vegetation; Formation D – Mesophytic and hygromesophytic coniferous and mixed broad-leaved-coniferous forests; Formation F – Mesophytic broadleaved deciduous and mixed broadleaved/conifer forests; Formation G – Thermophilous mixed deciduous broadleaved forests; Formation J – Mediterranean sclerophyllous forests and scrub; Formation K – Xerophytic coniferous forests, coniferous woodland and scrub. East Asian vegetation types: MCF China, Japan – Montane Coniferous Forests China, Honshu, Yakushima; BLDF N and NE Provinces, China – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forests of the Northern and Northeastern Provinces (China); BLDF Upper Yangtze, Honshu – Broad-leaved Deciduous Forest, Upper Yangtze Provinces, Mt. Emei, and Honshu; MMF China – Mixed Mesophytic Forest, Lower Yangtze Provinces; BLEF China, Japan – Broad-leaved Evergreen Forests, China, Japan; Meili Snow Mt. high altitude SCL and BLF, China – Meili Snow Mt., Sclerophyllous and broad-leaved forest zone (2,580-3,650 m alt.). (Designations of European vegetation formations follow Bohn et al. (2004) and Asian ones follow Kovar-Eder et al. (2021).
Boreal forest tower-based remote sensing data (solar-induced fluorescence and reflectance-based vegetation indices)
<p>Data includes remote sensing products from PhotoSpec (a scanning spectrometer) from August 2019-December 2021 at the Southern Old Black Spruce site in Saskatchewan Canada and the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) Delta Junction. We provide half-hourly averaged vegetation indices (NIRv, NDVI, PRI, CCI) and Solar-Induced Fluorescence (SIF) and for stand-representative targets. Additionally, we provide half-hourly Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR), a fraction of direct vs. diffuse radiation (Df), Air Temperature (Tair) and Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). </p>
Spatial patterns of understory vegetation and soil in an Alaskan upland boreal forest fire chronosequence. Three sites located in Delta Junction Alaska. Soil sampled during summer 2007
In this study we used geostatistics to characterize the spatial heterogeneity of soil carbon and nitrogen pools, microbial respiration, microbial biomass, nitrogen mineralization, soil moisture, soil pH, depth of organic horizon and forest floor covers and understory vegetation abundances in three sites (1999, 1987 and 1920 wildfires) of a boreal forest chronosequence of Interior Alaska (near Delta Junction). Soil sampling and vegetation measurements occured during summer 2007.
Recent increases in annual, seasonal, and extreme methane fluxes driven by changes in climate and vegetation in boreal and temperate wetland ecosystems
<p>Files (input and output) for the publication <em>Recent increases in annual, seasonal, and extreme methane fluxes driven by changes in climate and vegetation in boreal and temperate wetland ecosystems</em></p> <p> </p>
Data from: Influence of topographic features and vegetation on climate refugia in the boreal plains
<ol> <li>Climate-change refugia can be defined by the strength of influence of physiographic and biotic properties on local atmospheric conditions relative to regional averages. In flatter landscapes, thermal heterogeneity and decoupling may be limited. We sought to quantify the magnitude of climate decoupling produced by topographic variation and vegetation in North America's boreal-parkland-grassland transition zone.</li> <li>We deployed iButton data loggers at four hill and 12 river valley systems along a latitudinal gradient in Alberta, Canada (N = 240) between 2014 and 2018. We modelled monthly temperature metrics by season as a function of topography and percent vegetation cover using general linear mixed effect models.</li> <li>Summer T<sub>max</sub> varied ~6 <sup>o</sup>C across the entire elevation gradient sampled, and ~3.5 <sup>o</sup>C within the range of topographic conditions sampled, after accounting for latitude. We found that canopy cover type had a negative effect on most temperature metrics, with coniferous forests having the strongest effect on T<sub>min </sub>and T<sub>ave</sub>. Spatial predictions derived from models based on iButton sensors resulted in similar regional patterns compared to a gridded climate product (ClimateNA), but the difference between them increased with potential solar radiation, vegetation cover and terrain roughness.</li> <li>We observed that local T<sub>max</sub> on steep, north-facing slopes with relatively low levels of potential solar radiation were 0.5 – 1.5 <sup>o</sup>C cooler than the surrounding landscape on average, while terrain roughness may further contribute to 0.5 – 0.7 <sup>o</sup>C. When combined, these local landscape characteristics may compensate for expected warming by the end of the century. Topographic and vegetation characteristics that are related to colder local climates should be considered in the evaluation of future climate-change impacts and to identify potential refugia from climate-change.</li> </ol>
Illustrations for 'Disturbances in the evergreen boreal forest and their impact on 21st century vegetation and climate dynamics - A stochastic modeling approach' (Doctoral thesis)
<p>This repository contains all the original illustrations I created for my doctoral thesis at the Technical University of Munich. This work is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-SA license, which means that you are free to use and adapt this work under the same license for commercial and non-commercial applications as long as you credit the original work. To credit, please cite this repository as well as my doctoral thesis.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Do harvest retention patches in the boreal forest emulate those resulting from wildfire? A comparison of understory vegetation a decade after disturbance
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Data for: Water level drawdown makes boreal peatland vegetation more responsive to weather conditions
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Data from: Topographic and vegetation drivers of thermal heterogeneity along the boreal–grassland transition zone in western Canada: implications for climate change refugia
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Data set: Burn severity and soil chemistry are weak drivers of early vegetation succession following a boreal mega-fire in a production forest landscape
<p>Data used in the analyses of the study. Data set on soil chemistry (pH, organic content, nutrient content), plots distance to the fire perimeter, and plant communities (vascular plants and bryophytes) recorded in permanent plots on clearcuts in a burn-severity gradient two and five years following a wildfire. Data collected from a 13000 hectare wildfire that occurred in 2014, in boreal southern Sweden. Calculated trait means from data bases, and plant community data from unburned plots from another study, are are also included here.</p>
Data from: Vegetation patterns in small boreal streams relate to ice and winter floods
1. In-stream and riparian vegetation is species-rich, productive and dynamic. Its patterns in small boreal streams are largely driven by seasonal flow regimes. Traditionally, flow-related processes during the growing season, particularly the spring flood, have been seen as the most important, whereas vegetation has been viewed as being dormant and 'less affected' during winter. 2. Riparian and in-stream vegetation was inventoried during the summers 2011‒2013 in eight reaches of northern Swedish streams. Along each reach the ice formation was surveyed during winter by visual inspections and with permanently placed cameras. We then evaluated the potential effects of ice regimes and winter flooding on riparian and in-stream vegetation during 3 years by relating the abundance of winter floods caused by anchor-ice to the cover, composition and biomass of vegetation. 3. We found that the numbers of winter floods were higher along reaches with anchor-ice formation than in reaches without. We also found that species diversity of riparian vegetation was higher in the reaches with anchor-ice. This resulted from a lower cover of riparian dwarf shrubs and a higher cover of graminoids and forbs along reaches with anchor-ice. We also found a lower cover of in-stream algae but a higher cover of bryophytes in anchor-ice reaches. These patterns were consistent throughout the study period although there were interannual differences in temperature, water levels and ice cover. 4. During our study period, we encountered an average of 20 shifts per winter between freezing and thawing, while there was an average of 10 shifts per winter during 1960‒1990. This indicates a warming climate in high latitudes. Higher temperatures and more shifts between freezing and thawing may initially increase ice dynamics. However, with further increases in mean temperature ice production should eventually decrease. 5. Synthesis. Ice and winter floods caused by anchor-ice appear to be important disturbance agents that allow less competitive species to establish along small boreal streams. If ice dynamics is reduced, the composition and production of riparian and in-stream vegetation may be changed, with possible consequences for the entire stream ecosystem.
Data from: Edge influence on vegetation at natural and anthropogenic edges of boreal forests in Canada and Fennoscandia
1. Although anthropogenic edges are an important consequence of timber harvesting, edges due to natural disturbances or landscape heterogeneity are also common. Forest edges have been well-studied in temperate and tropical forests, but less so in less productive, disturbance-adapted boreal forests. 2. We synthesized data on forest vegetation at edges of boreal forests and compared edge influence among edge types (fire, cut, lake/wetland; old vs. young), forest types (broadleaf vs. coniferous) and geographic regions. Our objectives were to quantify vegetation responses at edges of all types and to compare the strength and extent of edge influence among different types of edges and forests. 3. Research was conducted using the same general sampling design in Alberta, Ontario and Quebec in Canada, and in Sweden and Finland. We conducted a meta-analysis for a variety of response variables including forest structure, deadwood abundance, regeneration, understorey abundance and diversity, and nonvascular plant cover. We also determined the magnitude and distance of edge influence using randomization tests. 4. Some edge responses (lower tree basal area, tree canopy and bryophyte cover; more logs; higher regeneration) were significant overall across studies. Edge influence on ground vegetation in boreal forests was generally weak, not very extensive (distance of edge influence usually < 20 m) and decreased with time. We found more extensive edge influence at natural edges, at younger edges and in broadleaf forests. The comparison among regions revealed weaker edge influence in Fennoscandian forests. 5. Synthesis. Edges created by forest harvesting do not appear to have as strong, extensive or persistent influence on vegetation in boreal as in tropical or temperate forested ecosystems. We attribute this apparent resistance to shorter canopy heights, inherent heterogeneity in boreal forests and their adaptation to frequent natural disturbance. Nevertheless, notable differences between forest structure responses to natural (fire) and anthropogenic (cut) edges raise concerns about biodiversity implications of extensive creation of anthropogenic edges. By highlighting universal responses to edge influence in boreal forests that are significant irrespective of edge or forest type, and those which vary by edge type, we provide a context for the conservation of boreal forests.
Interactions between local and global drivers determine long-term trends in boreal forest understory vegetation
Aim: Global change effects on forest ecosystems are increasingly claimed to be context dependent, indicated by interactions between global and local environmental drivers. Most examples of such context dependencies originate from temperate systems, while limited research comes from the boreal biome. Here we set out to test if interactions between climate warming, nitrogen deposition, land-use change resulting in increasing forest density and soil pH drive long-term changes of understory vegetation in boreal forests. Location: Sweden Time period: 1953-2012 Major taxa studied: Vascular plants Methods: We used long-term (50 years) National Forest Inventory data on forest understory vegetation in Sweden to model the combined effects of climate warming, nitrogen deposition, increase in forest density (tree basal area) and soil pH. Results: Our results identify increasing temperature, nitrogen deposition and denser, shadier forest conditions as main drivers of understory vegetation changes during this time period. More importantly, we found that these effects varied with local conditions, i.e. that the change towards a more nitrophilic understory vegetation was more pronounced at low than high soil pH. Forest density was an important modulator of nitrogen deposition and temperature increase, with effects generally decreasing with density. Decreased cover of ericaceous dwarf shrubs was driven by both forest density and nitrogen deposition, with a stronger effect at low than at high pH. Main conclusions: Our results highlight that to understand forest ecosystems´ response to global change, and to make adequate management decisions to mitigate the effects of global change, we need to understand how changes in local environmental factors (forest density and soil pH) interact with global-scale drivers (nitrogen deposition and climate warming). Neglecting such interactions will lead to incorrect estimations of effects. In our case, we would e.g. have underestimated the eutrophication effects on acid soils, which constitute a considerable part of the boreal biome. --
Supplementary material 2 from: Niemi M, Pöyry J, Heiskanen I, Uotinen V, Nieminen M, Erkomaa K, Wallenius K (2014) Variability of soil enzyme activities and vegetation succession following boreal forest surface soil transfer to an artificial hill. Nature Conservation 8: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.8.6369
Figure S1: Explanation note: The studied sites at the onset of the study in June 2003: a) Top b) Grove c) Middle d) North e) Alder f) Spruce.
Supplementary material 5 from: Niemi M, Pöyry J, Heiskanen I, Uotinen V, Nieminen M, Erkomaa K, Wallenius K (2014) Variability of soil enzyme activities and vegetation succession following boreal forest surface soil transfer to an artificial hill. Nature Conservation 8: 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.8.6369
Figure S4: Explanation note: The studied s ites after a decade in June 2013: a) Top, b) Grove c) Middle d) North.
Data for 'Post-disturbance recovery drives 21st century vegetation shifts in the Boreal forest in a dynamic vegetation model'
<p>This is the database containing all the LPJ-GUESS output data used in the paper. For LPJ-GUESS model code, refer to https://zenodo.org/record/8065737. For data processing refer to https://github.com/lucialayr/borealRecovery </p> <p> </p> <p>If you are interested in the raw data, please contact me. </p>
The trajectories of vegetative structure and soil microbial function diverged across a fire chronosequence of the boreal forests in Northeast China
<p>The role of boreal forest to ameliorate the effect of global climate change largely depends on the regeneration of postfire forests in northeast China. The postfire recovery of boreal forest can be evaluated by the aboveground vegetative structure and soil microbial function. In present study, a 50-year fire chronosequence was established, and the biomass of forbs, shrub and woody plant was separately weighted to assess their contribution to the whole community with the year since fire (YSF). Simultaneously, soil biophysical properties were measured for stands in different time period after fire. Soil microbial functions, i.e., growth efficiency (GE) and carbon use efficiency (CUE), were calculated basing on ecoenzymatic and soil nutrient stoichiometry. In terms of vegetative structure, forbs' proportion decreased from 75% to 1.5%, but the proportion of woody plant increased from 0.04% to 70% across this fire chronosequence. In contrast, soil microbial function reached the highest value in 15 YSF and then began to decrease. As an important variable, soil metal content, particularly the calcium content, showed a positive correlation with woody plant biomass and a negative with soil microbial function. Furthermore, soil metal content was significantly increased in the late stage of this fire chronosequence. Overall, the present work highlighted that the time period of 15 YSF and 31 YSF was a hallmark stage for aboveground vegetative structure and soil microbial function to change in different trends, and the calcium content may partly account for these two divergent trajectories.</p>
Data from: Edge influence on vegetation at natural and anthropogenic edges of boreal forests in Canada and Fennoscandia
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