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11 results for “Borrelia afzelii”
Data from: Comparison of spleen transcriptomes of two wild rodent species reveals differences in the immune response against Borrelia afzelii
<p>Different host species often differ considerably in susceptibility to a given pathogen, but the causes of such differences are rarely known. The natural hosts of the tick-transmitted bacterium <i>Borrelia afzelii</i>, which is one of causative agents of Lyme borreliosis in humans, include a variety of small mammals like voles and mice. Previous studies have shown that <i>B. afzelii-</i>infected bank voles (<i>Myodes glareolus</i>) have about ten times higher bacterial load than infected yellow-necked mice (<i>Apodemus flavicollis</i>), indicating that these two species differ in resistance. In this study, we compared the immune response to <i>B. afzelii </i>infection in these host species by using RNA-sequencing to quantify gene expression in spleen. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that several immune pathways were down-regulated in infected animals in both bank voles and yellow-necked mice. Moreover, IFNα response was up-regulated in <i>B. afzelii</i>-infected yellow-necked mice, while IL6 signaling and the complement pathway were down-regulated in infected bank voles; differences in regulation of these three pathways between bank voles and yellow-necked mice could thus contribute to the difference in resistance to <i>B. afzelii</i> between the species. This study provides knowledge of gene expression induced by a zoonotic pathogen in its natural host, and possible species-specific regulation of immune responses associated with resistance.</p>
Data from: Comparison of spleen transcriptomes of two wild rodent species reveals differences in the immune response against Borrelia afzelii
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Data from: Infection intensity and infectivity of the tick-borne pathogen Borrelia afzelii
The 'trade-off' hypothesis for virulence evolution assumes that between-host transmission rate is a positive and saturating function of pathogen exploitation and virulence, but there are as yet few tests of this assumption, in particular for vector-borne pathogens. Here, I show that the infectivity (probability of transmission) of the tick-borne bacterium Borrelia afzelii from two of its natural rodent hosts (bank vole and yellow-necked mouse) to its main tick vector increases asymptotically with increasing exploitation (measured as bacterial load in skin biopsies). Hence, this result provides support for one of the basic assumptions of the 'trade-off hypothesis'. Moreover, there was no difference in infectivity between bank voles and yellow-necked mice despite bacterial loads being on average an order of magnitude higher in bank voles, most likely because ticks took larger blood meals from mice. This shows that interspecific variation in host resistance does not necessarily translate into a difference in infectivity.
Tick-to-host transmission differs between Borrelia afzelii strains
<p>These Excel files contain the raw data that was analyzed for a manuscript titled "Tick-to-host transmission differs between Borrelia afzelii strains". This manuscript was submitted to Microbiology Spectrum and the manuscript ID is Spectrum01675-23.</p>
Data from: Infection intensity and infectivity of the tick-borne pathogen Borrelia afzelii
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Cross-reactivity of antibody responses to Borrelia afzelii OspC
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Data from: Evolution of antigenic diversity in the tick-transmitted bacterium Borrelia afzelii: a role for host specialization?
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Data from: Within-host competition between Borrelia afzelii ospC strains in wild hosts as revealed by massively parallel amplicon sequencing
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Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season
<p>The Excel file titled, "Raw data.xlsx" contains the raw data that was used in the statistical analyses of the article titled, "Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season" that was published in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.</p>
Data from: Multiple-strain infections of borrelia afzelii: a role for within-host interactions in the maintenance of antigenic diversity?
Genetically diverse infections are common but little is known about what effects coinfecting strains have on each other in natural host-parasite systems. To explore the nature and consequences of interactions in the wild, we studied the tick-transmitted bacterium Borrelia afzelii in one of its main reservoir hosts, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. We measured overall infection intensity with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and resolved the composition of multiple infections using strain-specific PCR assays targeting the ospC gene (which encodes an immunodominant surface protein). We found seven different strains, as defined by ospC genotype. There was little evidence for interactions affecting infection intensities, but strains were highly aggregated (i.e., there were more multiple infections than expected from random co-occurrence). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the difference at the amino acid level between two OspC types and their degree of association. Overall, the observed patterns suggest that facilitation is more important than competition in this system and that more diverse infections have an advantage in establishing and/or maintaining infection. We propose that this advantage is one of the factors that favors antigenic diversity.
Data from: Multiple-strain infections of borrelia afzelii: a role for within-host interactions in the maintenance of antigenic diversity?
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