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FIG. 17 in Archaeochiapasidae n. fam., a new early Cenomanian brachyuran family from Chiapas, Mexico, new hypothesis on Lecythocaridae Schweitzer & Feldmann, 2009, and phylogenetic implications (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Eubrachyura)

FIG. 17. — Retroplumidae Gill, 1894 (Retroplumoidea Gill, 1894). Costacopluma maroccana Ossó-Morales, Artal & Vega, 2010, Calcaires à slumps de Taghit Formation, late Campanian, Merija, Morocco: thoracic sternum and pleon. AO39, Private Collection Àlex Ossó. Photography by Àlex Ossó and courtesy of À. Ossó. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 3. — A, Pelocarcinus marchei A in Annotated type-catalogue of Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Part II. Gecarcinidae and Grapsidae (Thoracotremata, Grapsoidea), with an Appendix of pre-1900 collectors

FIG. 3. — A, Pelocarcinus marchei A. Milne-Edwards, 1890, MNHN-IU-2000-3752 (= MNHN-B3752), lectotype, ♂; B, Thelphusa rotunda Quoy & Gaimard, 1824, MNHN-IU-2000-3745 (= MNHN-B3745), lectotype, ♂; C, Grapsus brevipes H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-10978 (= MNHN-B10978), lectotype, ♂; D, Grapsus cruentatus Latreille, 1803, MNHN-IU-2000-3407 (= MNHN-B3407), neotype, ♂; E, Grapsus fourmanoiri Crosnier, 1965, MNHN-IU-2008-10635 (= MNHN-B11803), lectotype, ♂; F, Grapsus gracilipes H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3411 (= MNHN-B3411), lectotype, ♂; G, Grapsus granulosus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3417 (= MNHN-B3417), lectotype, ♂; H, Grapsus grayi H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3421 (= MNHN-B3421), lectotype, ♀. Scale bars: A-D, F, H, 2 cm; E, 10 mm; G, 5 cm.

FIG. 2. — A, Cardisoma urvillei H. Milne Edwards, 1853 in Annotated type-catalogue of Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Part II. Gecarcinidae and Grapsidae (Thoracotremata, Grapsoidea), with an Appendix of pre-1900 collectors

FIG. 2. — A, Cardisoma urvillei H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3735 (= MNHN-B3735), lectotype, ♂; B, Discoplax gracilipes Ng & Guinot, 2001, MNHN-IU-2014-11214 (= MNHN-B26950), paratype, ♀; C, Discoplax longipes A. Milne-Edwards, 1867, MNHN-IU-2000-3763 (= MNHN-B3763), lectotype, ♂; D, Gecarcinus digueti Bouvier, 1895, MNHN-IU-2000-10951 (= MNHN-B10951), holotype, ♂; E, Gecarcinus lagostoma H. Milne Edwards, 1837, MNHN-IU-2000-3750 (= MNHN-B3750), lectotype, ♂; F, Gecarcinus lateralis Fréminville in Guérin-Méneville, 1832, MNHN-IU-2000-3758 (= MNHN-B3758), neotype, ♂; G, Gecarcinus nobilii Perger & Wall, 2014, MNHN-IU-2014-11211 (= MNHN-B12314), paratype, ♀; H, Pelocarcinus cailloti A. Milne-Edwards, 1890, MNHN-IU-2000-3751 (= MNHN-B3751), holotype, ♂. Scale bars: A, E, 5 cm; B-D, F-H, 2 cm.

FIG. 6. — A, Leptograpsus ansoni H. Milne Edwards, 1853 in Annotated type-catalogue of Brachyura (Crustacea, Decapoda) of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Part II. Gecarcinidae and Grapsidae (Thoracotremata, Grapsoidea), with an Appendix of pre-1900 collectors

FIG. 6. — A, Leptograpsus ansoni H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-4023 (= MNHN-B4023), lectotype, ♂; B, Leptograpsus bertheloti H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-10944 (= MNHN-B10944), lectotype, ♀; C, Leptograpsus gayi H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3531 (= MNHN-B3531), lectotype, ♂; D, Leptograpsus rugulosus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3534 (= MNHN-B3534), lectotype, ♂; E, Leptograpsus verreauxi H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-4024 (= MNHN-B4024), lectotype, ♂; F, Metopograpsus eydouxi H. Milne Edwards, 1853, MNHN-IU-2000-3547 (= MNHN-B3547), lectotype, ♂. Scale bars: A, D, F, 10 mm; B, C, E, 2 cm.

FIG. 12 in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 12. — Austinograea sp. aff. A. alayseae Guinot, 1990, ♂ 31.3 × 48.8 mm (right-handed), ♀ 29.6 × 44.8 mm (left-handed), Manus Basin, Shinkai 2000, 3°43.60'S, 151°40.32'E, PACMANUS site, field E, 1676 m (see Tsuchida & Hashimoto 2002), MNHN-IU-2016-10750 (= MNHN-B28761): A, male chelae, crusher and cutter, outer surfaces of palms; B, female chelae, cutter and crusher, outer surfaces of palms.

FIG. 11. — Austinograea jolliveti n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 11. — Austinograea jolliveti n. sp., holotype, ♂ 12.8 × 20.0 mm (right-handed), North Fiji Basin, STARMER II cruise, dive 18 (PL 18), Mussel Valley site, 18°50'S, 173°29'E, 2750 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10769: A, mxp3; B, thoracic sternum; C, G1 and G2 in situ (reconstructed); D, G1, two views; E, G2, two views. Scale bars: B, 5 mm; D, 1 mm; E, 0.5 mm (note the scale bars of the two gonopods, the G2 being about half-length of G1); A, C, without scale.

FIG. 4. — A-C, Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 4. — A-C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., holotype, ♂ 25.7 × 40.2 mm (right-handed), Lau Back-Arc Basin, TUIM06MV cruise, dive 142, Tow Cam site, 20°19.07'S, 176°08.24'W, 2719 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10737: A, B, chelae with two coloured spots on outer surface of palm of right crusher (A) and left cutter (B); C, G1 and G2 photographed in situ; D, E, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., atypical ♀ 30.0 × 48.5 mm (right-handed), Lau Back-Arc Basin, MGLN07MV cruise, dive 230, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2623 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10752: D, crusher with one marked dark spot and the other one, only discernible by a yellow trace (wound at base of fixed finger is not a spot comparable to that of A. jolliveti n. sp.); E, cutter with two indistinct spots, only as yellow traces.

FIG. 3. — Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 3. — Austinograea hourdezi n. sp. photographed in situ: A, Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, dive 432, Tow Cam site, 20˚18.98'S, 176˚08.19'W, 2723 m, 05.VI.2009 (type locality), among sessiles barnacles Eochionelasmus ohtai ohtai Yamaguchi, 1990. The two dark spots on outer surface of palm of both chelae indicate a male; see patches of dense setae on inner surface of both chelae, and the darkly coloured two-thirds of dactylus of right cheliped; B, C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., due to the patch of dense setae on inner surface of both chelae: B, Lau Basin, TUIM07MV cruise, dive 163, ABE site, 20°45.65'S, 176°11.45'W, 2130 m, 23.VI.2005; on a bed of gastropod Ifremeria nautilei Bouchet & Warén, 1991; C, Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, dive 431, ABE site, 20°45.65'S, 176°11.45'W, 2130 m, 03.VI.2009. The crab and the gastropods Alviniconcha hessleri sensu lato are blurry, the photography in situ having been taken in hydrothermal diffuse area with the emanating fluid visible as shimmering water. Photographies courtesy of C. R. Fisher (Penn State University, USA).

FIG. 8. — A, B in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 8. — A, B, Austinograea alayseae Guinot, 1990, photographed in situ: see absence of patches of setae on inner surface of chelae: A, crab with white carapace, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2621 m, among mussels Bathymodiolus brevior Cosel, Métivier & Hashimoto, 1994 and snails Ifremeria nautilei Bouchet & Warén, 1991; B, crab with carapace stained orange due to iron or manganese oxide deposits, and cluster of alvinocaridid shrimps, Lau Basin, TUIM07MV, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2621 m; C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp. (presumed identification, see p. 89), Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, Kilo Moana site, among mussels Bathymodiolus brevior, gastropods Ifremeria nautilei, sea anemone probably Cyananthea hourdezi Zelnio, Rodríguez & Daly, 2009, and alvinocaridid shrimp, Alvinocaris komaii Zelnio & Hourdez, 2009. This invidual with palm of preserved left cheliped (regenerated?) bearing only a single dark spot is atypical such as many Austinograea species showing regenerated chelipeds; patches of setae discernible just above on inner surface of chela and on right subhepatic region. Photographies courtesy of C. R. Fisher (Penn State University, USA).

FIG. 5. — Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 5. — Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., paratype, ♂ 29.8 × 48.1 mm (left-handed, with weak heterochely and heterodonty), Lau Back-Arc Basin, TUIM06MV cruise, dive 142, Tow Cam site, MNHN-IU-2016-10738: A, dorsal view; B, frontal view; C, mxp3; D, ventral view; E, G, both chelae with two typical spots on outer surface; F, H, both chelae with patches of setae on inner surface: E, F, cutter situated at right; G, H, crusher situated at left.

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Figure 4. Skelosophusa prolixa. A dorsal view B frontal view C sternal view D in A new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 from northern Madagascar (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamoidea, Potamonautidae), with a redescription of F. goudoti (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) comb. n., and comments on Skelosophusa prolixa Ng & Takeda, 1994

Figure 4. Skelosophusa prolixa. A dorsal view B frontal view C sternal view D major (left) cheliped. Adult male (NHM 2009.122), CW 29.3 mm.

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Figure 2 in A new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 from northern Madagascar (Decapoda, Brachyura, Potamoidea, Potamonautidae), with a redescription of F. goudoti (H. Milne Edwards, 1853) comb. n., and comments on Skelosophusa prolixa Ng & Takeda, 1994

Figure 2. Foza ambohitra sp. n. A dorsal view B frontal view C sternal view D major (right) cheliped. A, B adult female (FMNH 11056), CW 43.1 mm C, D holotype, adult male, CW 39.5 mm.

Fig. 3 in New collections of freshwater crabs from northern Madagascar, with the description of a new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), and comments on their conservation status

Fig. 3. Foza manonae sp. nov. Holotype, adult ♂, CW 43.7 mm, Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar (ZSM A20145003). Entire animal. A. Dorsal view. B. Frontal view. C. Sternal view. Scale bar: 14.6 mm.

Fig. 2 in New collections of freshwater crabs from northern Madagascar, with the description of a new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), and comments on their conservation status

Fig. 2. Foza manonae sp. nov. Holotype, adult ♂, CW 43.7 mm, Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar (ZSM A20145003). A. Left and right G1 and G2 shown in situ in ventral view. B. Left G1, dorsal view. C. Left G1, ventral view. D. Sternum and abdomen, ventral view. E. Left mandibular palp, superior view. F. Left mandibular palp, frontal view. Scale bar: 14 mm (A–B, E), 23.2 mm (C–D).

Fig. 4 in New collections of freshwater crabs from northern Madagascar, with the description of a new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), and comments on their conservation status

Fig. 4. Distribution map of northern Madagascar showing the seven localities (black circles) where freshwater crabs were collected in the present study: Foza manonae sp. nov. (white circles), F. ambohitra (triangle), and Madagapotamon humberti (squares).

Fig. 1 in New collections of freshwater crabs from northern Madagascar, with the description of a new species of Foza Reed & Cumberlidge, 2006 (Brachyura, Potamonautidae), and comments on their conservation status

Fig. 1. Foza manonae sp. nov. Holotype, adult ♂, CW 43.7 mm, Ankarana Special Reserve, Madagascar (ZSM A20145003). A. Carapace, frontal view. B. Carapace, dorsal view. C. Third maxilliped, ventral view. D. Carpus and merus of cheliped, dorsal view. E. Carpus and merus of cheliped, ventral view. F. Right cheliped, frontal view. G. Left cheliped, frontal view.

Fig. 9. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902 in Actaea grimaldii, a new species of reef crab from Papua New Guinea (Crustacea, Brachyura, Xanthidae)

Fig. 9. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902, ♂, 8.9 × 6.6 mm (ZRC), Chagos Islands A. Dorsal view of carapace. B. Thoracic sternum showing vulvae. C. Right fourth ambulatory leg.

Fig. 7. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902 in Actaea grimaldii, a new species of reef crab from Papua New Guinea (Crustacea, Brachyura, Xanthidae)

Fig. 7. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902, holotype, ♂, 5.1 × 3.4 mm (CUMZ I.63106), Maldives. A. Frontal view of carapace. B. Anterior thoracic sternum (sternites 1–4), telson and abdominal somite 6. C. Outer view of left chela.

Fig. 6. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902 in Actaea grimaldii, a new species of reef crab from Papua New Guinea (Crustacea, Brachyura, Xanthidae)

Fig. 6. Actaea spinosissima Borradaile, 1902, holotype, ♂, 5.1 × 3.4 mm (CUMZ I.63106). Dorsal view of habitus, photographed from slightly different angles.

Fig. 5 in Actaea grimaldii, a new species of reef crab from Papua New Guinea (Crustacea, Brachyura, Xanthidae)

Fig. 5. Actaea grimaldii sp. nov., holotype, ♂, 6.2 × 4.4 mm (MNHN IU 2013-921), Papua New Guinea. A. Right third maxilliped (setae not drawn). B. Anterior thoracic sternum (sternites 1–4) and telson. C. Abdominal somites 1–6. D. Ventral view of left G1. E. Ventral view of distal part of left G1. F. Dorsal view of distal part of left G1. G. Left G2. Scale bars: A, D, G = 0.5 mm; B–C = 1.0 mm; E–F = 0.1 mm.