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155 results for “Breeding abundance”
Black-legged kittiwake abundance and breeding productivity, OSPAR region II
<p>This data set contains information on breeding abundance and breeding productivity of black-legged kittiwake <em>(Rissa tridactyla)</em> in OSPAR Region II (Greater North Sea). These data have been used to construct a demographic indicator of breeding productivity as part of OSPAR Quality Status Report 2023, and for reporting under the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive.</p>
A hierarchical dependent double-observer method for estimating waterfowl breeding pairs abundance from helicopters
<p>We applied a dependent double-observer method for helicopter surveys and developed a hierarchical Bayesian model as a means to adjust counts of waterfowl for incomplete detection. We conducted our study using 52 plots in Labrador, Canada. A designated pair of primary observers reported counts and location of all waterfowl flocks that they detected to a pair of secondary observers, including details regarding the species, age and sex of observed birds. Secondary observers then reported any additional flocks observed by them but missed by the primary observers. The pairs of observers alternated between primary and secondary roles during the course of the survey, as well as position (front or back) within the helicopter. We used hierarchical Bayesian models to estimate detection probabilities of waterfowl flocks, as well as derive species-specific detection-corrected abundance and sex composition estimates of flocks. The hierarchical model output allowed us to derive estimates of indicated breeding pairs for each species in the survey area corrected for incomplete detection. Observers seated in the back of the helicopter had higher detection probabilities (0.89; 90% Bayesian Credible Intervals [BCI] = 0.82 – 0.95) than those in the front (0.74; 90% BCI = 0.66 – 0.83), and observer experience had a limited effect on detection. Total crew detection probabilities ranged between 0.99 (90% BCI = 0.97 – 1.00) and 0.97(90% BCI = 0.94 – 0.99), depending on the individual observers' position and role in the helicopter. Detection probabilities were higher for sea ducks and diving ducks and lower for dabbling ducks. Observers generally missed less than 5% of the total indicated pairs for all species. We recommend that detection in helicopter surveys be measured to control for observer turnover, observer experience, and aircraft-related differences in visibility.</p>
Adult breeding monarch relative abundance
<p>Many insects are in clear decline, with monarch butterflies (<em>Danaus plexippus</em>) drawing particular attention as a flagship species. It is well documented that, among migratory populations, numbers of overwintering monarchs have been falling across several decades, but trends among breeding monarchs are less clear. Here, we compile > 135,000 monarch observations between 1993-2018 from the North American Butterfly Association's annual butterfly count to examine spatiotemporal patterns and potential drivers of adult monarch relative abundance trends across the entire breeding range in eastern and western North America. While the data revealed declines at some sites, particularly the US Northeast and parts of the Midwest, numbers in other areas, notably the US Southeast and Northwest, were unchanged or increasing, yielding a slightly positive overall trend across the species range. Negative impacts of agricultural glyphosate use appeared to be counterbalanced by positive effects of annual temperature, particularly in the US Midwest. Overall, our results suggest that population growth in summer is compensating for losses during the winter and that changing environmental variables have offsetting effects on mortality and/or reproduction. We suggest that density-dependent reproductive compensation when lower numbers arrive each spring is currently able to maintain relatively stable breeding monarch numbers. However, we caution against complacency since accelerating climate change may bring growing threats. Our data also suggest that increases of summer monarchs in some regions, especially in the west and far south, may reflect replacement of migratory with resident populations. Nonetheless, it is perhaps reassuring that ubiquitous downward trends in summer monarch abundance are not evident.</p>
Impact of human disturbance on the abundance of non-breeding shorebirds in a subtropical wetland
<p><span>Shorebird populations have declined due to several threats throughout their annual cycle. Anthropogenic disturbance is one of the most ubiquitous threats to shorebird conservation in North America. Here, we studied the influence of human disturbance on shorebird community dynamics during migration and winter in Ensenada de La Paz, a subtropical coastal wetland in Mexico. We used negative binomial generalized linear mixed models to investigate the associations between spatial, biological, and anthropogenic variation and local shorebird abundance that accounted for shorebird body size (small, medium, and large) and foraging strategy (visual and tactile) of 21 shorebird species. After controlling for these different correlates of abundance, human disturbance (people, vehicles, and dogs) was negatively associated with shorebird abundance. During winter, all shorebird species were negatively related to human disturbance but positively associated with presence of raptors. However, small, tactile foraging birds exhibited a proportionally larger negative response to human disturbance than other shorebird types, indicative of guild-level sensitivities to human disturbance regimes. The positive association between shorebird abundance and disturbance from predators was unexpected. Shorebirds likely concentrate in large groups to reduce predation risk, resulting in higher densities of shorebirds occurring in areas with high predation risk. Understanding factors influencing the abundance and habitat use of shorebirds on their non-breeding grounds is paramount to support management and conservation policies for shorebirds and their habitats.</span></p>
Data from: Time series of bird abundances, land cover and temperature from standardized breeding bird monitoring schemes (line transects and point count routes) from Norway, Sweden and Finland, for 1975-2016
<p><span>These data on bird species abundance and environmental variables were used in testing and comparing two different species distribution model validation methods that are applied to models which are used to predict the effects of climate change on species' distributions. The aim of the study was to investigate whether different validation methods give different results of the model's predictive performance and to demonstrate that validation methods based on measuring and validating a "static" pattern in distribution can assess model performance over-optimistically compared to methods based on measuring and validating a "change" in the distribution, which can assess the predictive performance more critically. </span></p>
A hierarchical dependent double-observer method for estimating waterfowl breeding pairs abundance from helicopters
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Adult breeding monarch relative abundance
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Black-legged kittiwake abundance and breeding productivity, OSPAR region II
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Data from: Time series of bird abundances, land cover and temperature from standardized breeding bird monitoring schemes (line transects and point count routes) from Norway, Sweden and Finland, for 1975-2016
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Impact of human disturbance on the abundance of non-breeding shorebirds in a subtropical wetland
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Bird abundance data for the period 2002-2014 from the French Breeding Bird Survey (STOC)
<p>Abundance data on breeding birds from the French Breeding Bird Survey (Suivi Temporel des Oiseaux Communs, STOC), for the period 2002-2014.</p> <p>The dataset comprises 7,115 bird communities. Only 107 common species were included in the study. </p>
Hornbill abundance and breeding incidence in relation to habitat modification and fig fruit availability
<p>Asian hornbills are known to forage and breed in fragmented rainforests and agroforestry plantations in human‐modified landscapes adjoining contiguous protected forests. However, the factors influencing year‐round hornbill abundance, demography and tracking of key food resources such as wild fig <em>Ficus</em> fruits in modified habitats and protected forests remain poorly understood. We carried out monthly surveys of two species of high conservation concern, the Vulnerable Great Hornbill (GH, <em>Buceros bicornis</em>) and the endemic Malabar Grey Hornbill (MGH, <em>Ocyceros griseus</em>) for 15 months and monitored ripe fig fruit availability for 12 months along 11 line transects (total length 24 km) in shade‐coffee plantations and adjoining continuous rainforests in a protected area (PA) in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India. Both hornbill species used plantations and the PA year‐round but distance sampling density estimates were higher in the PA in both nesting (GH by 57%; MGH by 50%) and non‐nesting (GH by 53%; MGH by 144%) seasons. Relative to estimates from 2004 to 2005, mean GH density appeared stable or increasing, whereas MGH had declined by 39% in the PA and by 56% in plantations. Monthly encounter rate of both hornbills tended to be higher in the PA and that of MGH was also positively related to the density of fig trees with ripe fruit. Sex ratios of observed adult birds in the non‐nesting season were relatively even (GH) or slightly female‐biased (MGH), but became male‐biased in both species during the nesting season when females were confined in tree‐cavity nests. We used change in the adult sex ratio of observed birds from the non‐nesting to nesting season to estimate an index of the proportion of adult pairs breeding at any point within the season, providing the first such estimates for any hornbill species. The proportion of breeding pairs was higher in the PA (GH – 56%, MGH – 64%) than in the plantations (GH – 33%, MGH – 30%). Although hornbills use shade‐coffee plantations year‐round, partly due to fig fruit availability, differences in hornbill density and breeding incidence, as assessed from the sex ratios of observed adult birds, indicate that plantations are a sub‐optimal habitat for both species.</p>
Data from: Large-scale manipulation of the acoustic environment can alter the abundance of breeding birds: evidence from a phantom natural gas field
1. Altered animal distributions are a consequence of human expansion and development. Anthropogenic noise can be an important predictor of abundance declines near human infrastructure, yet more information is needed to understand noise impacts at the spatial and temporal scales necessary to alter populations. 2. Energy development and associated anthropogenic noise are globally pervasive, and expanding. For example, 600,000 new natural gas wells have been drilled across central North America in less than twenty years. 3. We experimentally broadcast energy sector noise (recordings of compressor engines) in Southwest Idaho (USA). We placed arrays of speakers creating a "phantom natural gas field" in a large-scale experiment, and tested the effects of noise alone on breeding songbird abundance. To examine variation in human-caused noise, we broadcast two types of compressor noise, one with a slightly higher sound intensity and greater bandwidth than the other. 4. Our phantom natural gas field encompassed approximately 100 km2. We broadcast noise for over three continuous months, for each of two seasons, and quantified over 20,000 hours of background sound levels. 5. Brewer's sparrows (Spizella breweri) were affected by our narrowband playback, declining 30% 50 m from the speaker arrays. During our broadband playback, all species combined and Brewer's sparrows decreased 20% and 33% respectively at the scale of our sites (~0.5 km2; up to 400 m from speaker arrays). 6. Our results show the importance of incorporating the acoustic structure of noise when estimating the cost of noise exposure for populations and suggest an urgent need for noise mitigation, such as quieting compressor station noise, in energy extraction fields and natural areas broadly.
Data for: Preening correlates with lower feather bacteria abundance but not feather coloration in a lek-breeding bird
<p>Feathers are structures unique to birds that serve important functions such as flight, thermoregulation, and communication. Bacteria that live on the feathers, particularly ones that can break down keratin, have the potential to damage feathers and disrupt their use in communication. We predicted that birds could behaviorally manage their feather bacterial abundances by preening their feathers. We also predicted that individuals with lower feather bacterial abundances would have brighter and more colorful feathers. To test these predictions, we measured the amount of time individuals in a colony of captive Indian peafowl (<em>Pavo cristatus</em>) spent preening their feathers. We also collected feathers to determine bacteria abundance on the feather surface and to measure feather coloration. We found that birds had lower feather bacteria levels when they spent more time preening their own feathers, but only in female birds. We also found that bacteria abundances were not correlated with any feather color variables we measured. These results suggest that birds can manage feather bacterial abundances by preening but feather bacteria may not influence feather coloration in this species.</p>
Hornbill abundance and breeding incidence in relation to habitat modification and fig fruit availability
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Data for: Preening correlates with lower feather bacteria abundance but not feather coloration in a lek-breeding bird
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Data from: Large-scale manipulation of the acoustic environment can alter the abundance of breeding birds: evidence from a phantom natural gas field
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Bird abundance data for the period 2002-2014 from the French Breeding Bird Survey (STOC)
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A multiscale analysis of factors influencing Blackpoll Warbler occupancy and abundance during the non-breeding season in eastern Colombia
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Shortgrass Steppe site, station USGS Breeding Bird Survey Route 17305, Nunn, CO, study of animal abundance of Aves in units of numberPerSightingEffort on a yearly timescale
The EcoTrends project was established in 2004 by Dr. Debra Peters (Jornada Basin LTER, USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range) and Dr. Ariel Lugo (Luquillo LTER, USDA-FS Luquillo Experimental Forest) to support the collection and analysis of long-term ecological datasets. The project is a large synthesis effort focused on improving the accessibility and use of long-term data. At present, there are ~50 state and federally funded research sites that are participating and contributing to the EcoTrends project, including all 26 Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and sites funded by the USDA Agriculture Research Service (ARS), USDA Forest Service, US Department of Energy, US Geological Survey (USGS) and numerous universities. Data from the EcoTrends project are available through an exploratory web portal (http://www.ecotrends.info). This web portal enables the continuation of data compilation and accessibility by users through an interactive web application. Ongoing data compilation is updated through both manual and automatic processing as part of the LTER Provenance Aware Synthesis Tracking Architecture (PASTA). The web portal is a collaboration between the Jornada LTER and the LTER Network Office. The following dataset from Shortgrass Steppe (SGS) contains animal abundance of Aves measurements in numberPerSightingEffort units and were aggregated to a yearly timescale.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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OpenNeuro
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