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opencc-zeroDec 2023View details →

Data to support: Anthropogenic influence on tropospheric reactive bromine since the pre-industrial: Implications for ice-core bromine trends

Tropospheric reactive bromine (Bry) influences the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere by acting as a sink for ozone and nitrogen oxides. Aerosol acidity plays a crucial role in Bry abundances through acid-catalyzed debromination from sea-salt-aerosol, the largest global source. Bromine concentrations in a Russian Arctic ice-core, Akademii Nauk, show a 3.5-fold increase from pre-industrial (PI) to the 1970s (peak acidity, PA), and decreased by half to 1999 (present day, PD). Ice-core acidity mirrors this trend, showing robust correlation with bromine, especially after 1940 (r=0.9). Model simulations considering anthropogenic emission changes alone show that atmospheric acidity is the main driver of Bry changes, consistent with the observed relationship between acidity and bromine. The influence of atmospheric acidity and Bry should be considered in interpretation of ice-core bromine trends.

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Bromine Adsorption and Thermal Stability on Rh(111): A Combined XPS, LEED and DFT Study [doi: 10.1002/cphc.202300510]

Primary data, meta data, and corresponding lists of figures & tables are included. [doi: 10.1002/cphc.202300510]

opencc-by-4.0May 2024View details →

Bromination of 2D materials [doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1201]

Primary data, meta data, and corresponding lists of figures & tables are included. [doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad1201]

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2024View details →

Annex B – Occurrence data on brominated phenols and their derivatives in food submitted to EFSA, dietary surveys per country and age group available in the EFSA Comprehensive Database considered in the exposure assessment, and the detailed results of the chronic dietary exposure assessment to 2,4,6-TBP and the contribution of different food groups to the dietary exposure

This Annex contains the occurrence data submitted to EFSA, the dietary surveys per country and age group, and the detailed results of the chronic dietary exposure assessment to 2,4,6-TBP and the contribution of different food groups to the dietary exposure related to the Update of the risk assessment of brominated phenols and their derivatives in food.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

Annexes to extensive literature searches on bromine and ochratoxin A in feed

This record is a supplement to the external scientific report titled Extensive literature searches on bromine and ochratoxin A in feed.   Annex A – Results of the ELS The results of the ELS for both OTA and BRs searches divided by database and combined in RIS files Annex B – Selection for relevance The results of the selection for relevance for both OTA and BRs searches in RIS files Annex C – Summarising table The summarising table and reference list for both OTA and BRs searches divided by area and combined in Excel format

opencc-by-4.0May 2023View details →

Photo-physical characterization of high triplet yield brominated fluoresceins by transient state (TRAST) spectroscopy

This folder contains all raw data underlying the results presented in a manuscript, submitted for publication to Methods and Applications in Fluorescence, and entitled:   Photo-physical characterization of high triplet yield brominated fluoresceins by transient state (TRAST) spectroscopy   Authored by: Baris Demirbaya, Glib Baryshnikovb, Martin Haraldssonc, Joachim Pigueta, Hans Ågrend, Jerker Widengrena,*   aRoyal Institute of Technology (KTH), Experimental Biomolecular Physics, Department of Applied Physics, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden bLaboratory of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, SE-60174, Norrköping, Sweden cChemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden dDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden   *Corresponding Author:   Email:  <a href="mailto:jwideng@kth.se">jwideng@kth.se</a>, Phone: +46-8-7907813   The data files are grouped into the different techniques used to generate them, and refer to the figures/tables in the manuscript where the extracted results are presented.   ABSTRACT Photo-induced dark transient states of fluorophores can pose a problem in fluorescence spectroscopy, but their typically long lifetimes can also make them highly environment sensitive. This opens for exploiting these states as microenvironmental read-out parameters in bio-molecular spectroscopy and imaging, and to explore fluorophores with prominent dark-state formation yields to be used in such studies. In this work, we analyzed the singlet-triplet transitions of fluorescein by transient state (TRAST) spectroscopy and compared them with those of three synthesized carboxy-fluorescein derivatives, with one, two or four bromines linked to the anthracence backbone. By this bromination, a prominent internal heavy atom (IHA) enhancement of the intersystem crossing (ISC) rates was found, and a corresponding external heavy atom (EHA) enhancement upon adding potassium iodide (KI) into the fluorophore solutions. Notably, increased KI concentrations still resulted in lowered triplet state buildup in the brominated fluorophores, due to the relatively lower increase induced in the ISC, than in the triplet decay. Moreover, KI had an antioxidative effect on the fluorophores, resulting in an overall fluorescence enhancement of the brominated fluorophores. The mechanisms behind the prominent IHA effect were further investigated by density functional theory calculations, which suggest that the ISC likely takes place to a higher triplet state, followed by relaxation to the lowest triplet state. By TRAST measurements, performed under biologically relevant conditions and analyzing how the average fluorescence intensity of fluorescent molecules varies with a systematically varied excitation modulation, dark state transitions within very high triplet yield (>90%) fluorophores can be directly analyzed, as well as IHA and EHA effects. These measurements, not possible by other techniques such as fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, opens for bio-sensing applications based on high triplet yield fluorophores, and for characterization of high triplet yield photodynamic therapy agents, and how they are influenced by IHA and EHA effects.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

Data to support: Implications of snowpack reactive bromine production for Arctic ice core bromine preservation

Snowpack emissions are recognized as an important source of gas-phase reactive bromine in the Arctic and are necessary to explain ozone depletion events in spring caused by the catalytic destruction of ozone by halogen radicals. Quantifying bromine emissions from snowpack is essential for interpretation of ice-core bromine. We present ice-core bromine records since the pre-industrial (1750 CE) from six Arctic locations and examine potential post-depositional loss of snowpack bromine using a global chemical transport model. Trend analysis of the ice-core records shows that only the high-latitude coastal Akademii Nauk ice core from the Russian Arctic preserves significant trends since pre-industrial times that are consistent with trends in sea ice extent and anthropogenic emissions from source regions. Model simulations suggest that recycling of reactive bromine on the snow skin layer (top 1mm) results in 9–17% loss of deposited bromine across all six ice-core locations. Reactive bromine production from below the snow skin layer and within the snow photic zone is potentially more important, but the magnitude of this source is uncertain. Model simulations suggest that the Akademii Nauk core is most likely to preserve an atmospheric signal compared to five Greenland ice cores due to its high latitude location combined with a relatively high snow accumulation rate. Understanding the sources and amount of photochemically reactive snow bromide in the snow photic zone throughout the sunlit period in the high Arctic is essential for interpreting ice-core bromine, and warrants further lab studies and field observations at inland locations.

publicSep 2023View details →

Data to support: Implications of snowpack reactive bromine production for Arctic ice core bromine preservation

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publicDec 2023View details →

Data to support: Anthropogenic influence on tropospheric reactive bromine since the pre-industrial: Implications for ice-core bromine trends

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opencc-by-4.0Jul 2023View details →

Data for Faranda et al. Behaviour of bromine in Cl- and F-bearing alkali-rich felsic magmas at crustal depth: an experimental study at 800-1100 °C, 10-200 MPa

This file contains all data generated in this study : Starting compositions (Table 1); Experimental conditions, concentrations of volatiles in the melt and in the fluid phase and f/m partition coefficients for the phonolitic (Table 2), comenditic (Table 3) and pantelleritic (Table 4) compositions;  Instrument specifications and LA-ICP-MS running conditions (Table S1); Br and trace element concentrations of secondary reference glasses for LA-ICPMS (Table S2); Measured and published reference glasses used to determine the LOQ and to quantify REE-based interferences (Table S3); Major elements of Br- free materials for LA-ICPMS analysis (Table S4) ; Uncertainties propagated in the mass balance (Table S5); Description of run products (Table S6) ; Major elements composition of run-product glasses (Table S7); Mass balance calculation for the phonolitic (Table S8), comenditic (Table S9), and pantelleritic (Table S10) compositions; Degassing model (Table S11)

Fig. 3 in Mycosporine-like amino acids, brominated and sulphated phenols: Suitable chemotaxonomic markers for the reassessment of classification of Bostrychia calliptera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)

Fig. 3. Side view (parallel to the b axis; top) and plan view (bottom) of the 2D coordination polymer of compound 5. Na atoms are drawn as balls and H atoms are omitted for clarity.

Fig. 6 in Mycosporine-like amino acids, brominated and sulphated phenols: Suitable chemotaxonomic markers for the reassessment of classification of Bostrychia calliptera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)

Fig. 6. HPLC chromatograms of selected Bostrychia calliptera MeOH/H2O extracts at 280 nm. Assignment of the compounds is according to Figure 1 (compound 3 to 6) and compound iii (λmax 228 nm) is unidentified, column: YMC- Pack Pro C18 RS (150 × 4.60 mm, 3 μm); mobile phase:20 mM ammonium formate and 0.6% (v/v) formic acid in water (A) and methanol (B); gradient: 0–15 min: 2% B, 23 min: 10% B, 30 min: 15% B, 35–40 min: 98% B, 40.1–50 min: 2% B; flow rate = 0.6 mL/min; T = 20 °C.

Fig. 2 in Mycosporine-like amino acids, brominated and sulphated phenols: Suitable chemotaxonomic markers for the reassessment of classification of Bostrychia calliptera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)

Fig. 2. Asymmetric unit of compound 5 with non-H atoms represented as thermal ellipsoids drawn at the 50% probability level. H atoms are drawn as spheres of random size.

Fig. 5 in Mycosporine-like amino acids, brominated and sulphated phenols: Suitable chemotaxonomic markers for the reassessment of classification of Bostrychia calliptera (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta)

Fig. 5. HPLC chromatograms of selected Bostrychia calliptera MeOH/H2O extracts at 310 nm. Assignment of the compounds: (i) unidentified MAA with λmax 332 nm, (ii) unidentified MAA with λmax 308 nm, (1) compound 1 (porphyra- 334), (2) compound 2 (palythine-threonine), column: YMC-Pack Pro C18 RS (150 × 4.60 mm, 3 μm) mobile phase:20 mM ammonium formate and 0.6% (v/ v) formic acid in water (A) and methanol (B); gradient: 0–15 min: 2% B, 23 min: 10% B, 30 min: 15% B, 35–40 min: 98% B, 40.1–50 min: 2% B; flow rate = 0.6 mL/min; T = 20 °C.