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FIG. 8 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 8. — Outlines of orifice, apertural bar, avicularium and portion of costate shield and gymnocyst: A, Collarina gautieri Harmelin, n. sp.; B, C. macaronensis Harmelin, n. sp.; C, C. speluncola Harmelin, n. sp. Scale bar: 100 µm (orifices), 50 µm (avicularia).

FIG. 5 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 5. — Collarina fayalensis Harmelin, 1978: A-C, non-ovicelled and ovicelled autozooids showing the structure and limited extent of the costate shield, orifice dimorphism, small spines and relatively narrow avicularia; D, non-ovicelled zooid, for marginal pores; E, drawing from Harmelin (1978: fig. 9); F, distal part of a non-ovicelled zooid from a colony edge; G, proximal half of costate shield, note the distribution of pelmata and the shape of the basal intercostal spaces. Origin: Azores - Saô Miguel, Vila Franca Is., 15 m (A-C, F, G); Formigas Is., 15 m, 'Jean Charcot' Biaçores 1971, P.43 (D); Faial, 'Jean Charcot' Biaçores 1971, P.11 (E). Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-D, 100 µm, F, 50 µm; G, 25 µm.

FIG. 3 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 3. — Collarina balzaci (Audouin, 1826), NW Mediterranean: A, B, ovicelled and non-ovicelled zooids, note the abundance of large pseudopores (pelmata) on both the spinocyst and the ooecium; C, distal portion of a non-ovicelled zooid with no adventitious avicularia; D, distal portion of an ovicelled zooid, note the broader orifice, the shape of the apertural bar and the position of the adventitious avicularium; E, structure of the costate shield and the peripheral gymnocyst; F, adventitious avicularium with rostrum finely serrated, slightly hooked tip, and broad, rounded opesia; G, ancestrula with five spines, partly covered by filamentous microphyte. Origin: Marseille, Planier Islet, on Posidonia leaf. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, G, 100 µm; C-E, 50 µm; F, 25 µm.

FIG. 10 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 10. — Collarina gautieri Harmelin, n. sp., NE Atlantic: A, Lepralia punctata Hassall, 1841: Busk 1854, pl. 96, fig. 3; B, C, ovicelled and non-ovicelled autozooids, note the typically curved spines associated with ovicells, the orientation of the avicularia and the respective extent of costate shield and gymnocyst; D, part of a young colony including the ancestrula (right) and the colony edge with 2 ovicelled zooids (left); E, non-ovicelled zooid (right) and fertile zooid with an early stage of the ooecium formation (middle), note the typical shape of the orifices and the structure of the costate shield with large marginal pelmata; F, ancestrula. Origin: B, Devon, coll. by JDB; C, NHMUK 1973.4.6.1, Raasay Sound, Scotland: Species A, Bishop (1986); D, Galicia, Malpica; E, Galicia, Ferrol; F, Algarve, coll. by JS. Scale bars: B, D, 200 µm; E, F, 100 µm.

FIG. 7 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 7. — Outlines of orifice, apertural bar, avicularium and portion of costate shield and gymnocyst: A, Collarina balzaci (Audouin, 1826); B, C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978, C, C. denticulata Harmelin, n. sp. Scale bar: 100 µm (orifices), 50 µm (avicularia).

FIG. 12 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 12. — Collarina macaronensis Harmelin, n. sp.: A, B, colony edge, general view and detail with ovicelled and non-ovicelled zooids; C, oblique view: structure of costate shield, apertural bar, paired and apical avicularia; D, G, non-ovicelled zooids with typical traits: concave orifice poster, avicularia directed disto-laterally, costate shield with lower central part and digitate margin, large pelmata also present on the gymnocyst; E, Collarina balzaci (Audouin, 1826): Harmelin (1978a, fig. 8), Azores, Faial; F, distal part of non-ovicelled zooid with typical orifice, apertural bar with large and small pseudopores, and 3 spines; H, specimen from a continental area. Origin: A, B, NHMUK 1899.7.1.2105, Madeira, J.Y. Johnson leg.; C, NHMUK 1911.10.1.705, Madeira; D, F, G, MNHN-IB-2014-1927, Madeira, Baixo Is.; H, Galicia, Sisargas Is. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, H 100 µm; F, G, 50 µm.

FIG. 15 in Unexpected diversity of the genus Collarina Jullien, 1886 (Bryozoa, Cheilostomatida) in the NE Atlantic-Mediterranean region: new species and reappraisal of C. balzaci (Audouin, 1826) and C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978

FIG. 15. — Types of ooecia in Collarina Jullien, 1886 species: A-C, kenozooidal ooecia with and without distal avicularium (A, C. speluncola Harmelin, n. sp; B, C. fayalensis Harmelin, 1978; C, C. macaronensis Harmelin, n. sp.); D, C. denticulata Harmelin, n. sp., colony portion with two kenozooidal ooecia (left) and three ooecia incorporated in distal autozooid (right); E, C. macaronensis Harmelin, n. sp., 2 ovicelled zooids with kenozooidal ooecium (left) vs ooecium incorporated in distal autozooid (right). Origin: A, Marseille, Conger Cave; B, Azores, Saô Miguel, Vila Franca Is.; C, E, Madeira, NHMUK 1911.10.1.705; D, Catalonia, Medes Is. Scale bars: A-C, E 100 µm, D, 200 µm.

Fig. 7 in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 7. Rhynchozoon confusum (Calvet, 1906) comb. nov. A. Young autozooids in the colony margin; note the presence of small adventitious avicularia (MNHN 2354, paralectotype). B. Older zooids with indistinct margins and well-developed oral knobs (MNHN 494, paralectotype). C. Primary orifice (MNHN 4007, lectotype). D. Same, ovicell. E. Detail of an adventitious avicularium (MNHN 494, paralectotype).

Fig. 4 in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 4. Escharina alderi (Busk, 1856). A. Group of autozooids (NHMUK 1911.10.1.1197, type of Alysidota alderi Busk, 1856). B. Same, ovicellate zooid; note the distal marginal pores in the ovicell. C. Same, detail of a broken ovicell. D. Same, primary orifice. E. Ovicellate zooid and one adventitious avicularium in a uniserial colony (NHMUK 1899.7.1.2145, paratype of Alysidota alderi Busk, 1856).

Fig. 6 in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 6. Escharella guernei (Jullien & Calvet, 1903) comb. nov. A. Autozooids (MOM INV-22518, lectotype). B. Same, primary orifice. C. Same, ovicellate zooids. D. Ovicellate and non-ovicellate zooids; note the ovicells, recumbent or immersed (MNHN 7069).

Fig. 5. Schizoporella ovum Jullien, 1882. A in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 5. Schizoporella ovum Jullien, 1882. A. Entire colony (NHMUK 1899.7.1.2348, lectotype). B. Same, primary orifice. C. Same, a broken ovicell showing the marginal pores. D. Ovicellate and nonovicellate zooids (MNHN 2347, paralectotype). E. Dietella (MNHN 1025, paralectotype).

Fig. 2 in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 2. Pulpeirina amoena (Jullien & Calvet, 1903) comb. nov. A. Autozooids (MOM INV-22502, lectotype of Schizoporella jullieni Calvet in Jullien & Calvet, 1903). B. Same, ovicellate and nonovicellate zooids. C. Autozooids; note the distal dietella (MOM INV-22580). D. Same, primary orifice. E. Same, ovicells.

Fig. 1 in Redescription of some species of Bryozoa described by J. Jullien and L. Calvet in the NE Atlantic

Fig. 1. Lectotype of Hippothoa amoena Jullien & Calvet, 1903 (MOM INV-22578). A. Some autozooids. B. Group of irregular kenozooids. C. Primary orifice. D. Ovicell. E. Distal dietella.

Fig. 15. — A–C in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 15. — A–C. Hippopodina feegeensis (Busk, 1884). Pantai Pasir Hitam, Langkawi, MSL BRY001b. A. Zooids near growing edge (top). B. Group of autozooids and an ovicell. C. Autozooidal orifice with an adventitious avicularium. — D–F. Microporella sp. Kampung Kuala Temoyong, Langkawi, MSL BRY012d. D. Group of zooids. E. Ascopore, orifice and avicularium (top right). F. Oblique view of ovicellate autozooid showing ascopore and avicularium with mandible. — G. Scorpiodinipora costulata (Canu & Bassler, 1929) (left) and Microporella (right). MSL BRY012c and MSL BRY012d, respectively. Kampung Kuala Temoyong, Langkawi. — H–I. Scorpiodinipora costulata (Canu & Bassler, 1929). H. Kampung Kuala Temoyong, Langkawi, MSL BRY012c. Zooids at the growing edge. I. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY025. Group of zooids. Scale bars: A, G = 1 mm; B = 500 μm; C–D, H–I = 200 μm; E–F = 100 μm.

Fig. 13. Hippoporina indica Pillai, 1978. – A–D in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 13. Hippoporina indica Pillai, 1978. – A–D. Kuah jetty, Langkawi, MSL BRY017b. A. Group of zooids. B. Autozooidal orifice and avicularium. C. Autozooids with closed orifices. D. Ovicell. – E. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY022; ovicell. – F. Sungai Menghulu, Langkawi, MSL BRY023; group of ovicellate zooids. Scale bars: A, C, F = 200 μm; B, D–E = 100 μm.

Fig. 12. Parasmittina spp. — A–C. P in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 12. Parasmittina spp. — A–C. P. raigioidea Liu et al., 2001. Pulau Betong, Penang, MSL BRY020b. A. Part of colony. B. Autozooids and avicularia. C. Orifice with lyrula and proximally directed adventitious avicularium. — D–F. Parasmittina sp. 1. Kuah jetty, Penang, MSL BRY021b. D. Colony (bottom) becoming overgrown by a colony of P. winstonae (top). E. Ovicellate zooids and proximally directed vicarious avicularia. F. Detail showing a proximally directed vicarious avicularium (upper left of centre) with a proximally directed spatulate adventitious avicularium to its lower right and a distally directed acuminate adventitious avicularium to the lower right of that. — G–I. Parasmittina sp. 2. Kampung Kuala Temoyong, Langkawi, MSL BRY012b; encrusting a large gastropod shell. G. Part of colony. H. Group of zooids. I. Autozooids and an adventitious avicularium. Scale bars: A, H = 500 μm; B, E–F = 200 μm; C, I = 100 μm; D, G = 1 mm.

Fig. 8. — A–B in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 8. — A–B. Bugula neritina (Linnaeus, 1758). Batu Uban, Penang, MSL BRY014. A. Part of a colony. B. Detail showing four globose ovicells. — C–F. Cradoscrupocellaria sp. Kuah jetty, Langkawi, MSL BRY015. C. Colony fragment. D. Zooids near branch tip showing spines and scuta. E. Branches and vibracular seta (bottom). F. Ovicells, spines and scuta. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm; B, D = 200 μm; E = 500 μm; F = 100 μm.

Fig. 10 in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 10. Celleporaria aperta (Hincks, 1882). Kuah jetty, Langkawi, MSL BRY017a. A. View of colony showing growing edge (top left) and older region (bottom right) with frontal buds. B. Developing zooids at growing edge. C. Region with frontal buds. D. Orifice of non-ovicellate autozooid and steeply inclined suboral avicularium with dentate distal edge of rostrum. E. Ovicell. F. Two interzooidal avicularia. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 200 μm; C = 500 μm; D–F = 100 μm.

Fig. 11 in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 11. Parasmittina winstonae Liu et al., 2001. — A–I. Kuah jetty, Langkawi, MSL BRY018. A. Small colony. B. Tiny colony on same substrate. C. Ancestrula of colony shown in B (note that the prism is from a disaggregated bivalve shell). D. Early stages of another colony showing five budded autozooids surrounding the ancestrula. E. Group of zooids. F. Giant avicularium with small plectrum-shaped adventitious avicularium at right proximolateral corner. G. Young autozooids and small adventitious avicularia. H. Older autozooids and adventitious avicularia. I. Ovicell. — J. MSL BRY019a, same locality details; oblique view of growing edge with giant bud. — K–L. Pulau Betong, Penang. K. MSL BRY020a. Slightly oblique view of orifice showing oral spine bases, condyles and lyrula, with plectrumshaped adventitious avicularia distolaterally. L. MSL BRY021a. Old part of colony with numerous avicularia. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B, J = 500 μm; C, F–G, I, K = 100 μm; D–E, H, L = 200 μm.

Fig. 14. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890 in Cheilostome Bryozoa from Penang and Langkawi, Malaysia

Fig. 14. Schizoporella japonica Ortmann, 1890. Kuah jetty, Langkawi. — A. Colony photographed in the field showing colour when alive. — B–D. MSL BRY024. B. Growing edge with giant buds. C. Group of zooids. D. Orifice and avicularium. — E–F. MSL BRY019b. E. Group of zooids, two ovicellate. F. Ovicell. Scale bars: B = 1 mm; C, E = 500 μm; D, F = 100 μm.