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FIG. 10 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 10. — Anatomy of Siphonalia cassidariaeformis (Reeve, 1846): A, B; ventral (A) and dorsal (B) views of body of specimen no. 1, removed from the shell; C, cephalopodium of no. 2, front view; D, penis of no. 3; E, F, foregut of no. 1, with right salivary gland in original position (E) and removed (F); G, stomach of no. 2, external view; H, stomach of no. 1, opened dorsally; I, stomach of no. 2, opened dorsally. Abbreviations: see material and methods. Scale bars: A-F, 10 mm; G, I, 5 mm; H, 1 mm

FIG. 8 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 8. — Anatomy of Phaenomenella nicoi n. sp.: A-D, MNHN-IM-2013-61636, male; E-G, MNHN-IM-2013-61637, female: A, soft body removed from the shell; B, penis; C, proboscis, opened dorsally; D, foregut, right lateral view; E, foregut, right lateral view, right salivary gland displaced; F, foregut, right lateral view, right salivary gland in original position; G, stomach, outer view. Abbreviations: see material and methods. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIG. 4 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 4. — Shells of Phaenomenella samadiae n. sp.: A-C, holotype, MNHN-IM-2013-61617, SL 58.2 mm; D, ZHONGSHA 2015, st. CP4157, non-sequenced spm, MNHN-IM-2013-59393, SL 47.2 mm; E, F, ZHONGSHA 2015, st. CP4134, sequenced spm, MNHN-IM-2013-61674, SL 51.4 mm; G, ZHONGSHA 2015, st. CP4157, non-sequenced spm, MNHN-IM-2013-59665, SL 37.1 mm. Scale bar: 5 cm.

FIG. 2 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 2. — Phylogenetic tree of a dataset of Buccinoidea Rafinesque, 1815 obtained with Bayesian analysis of 28S gene sequences. Support values shown for the supported nodes with posterior probability values between 0.70 and 1.00 only.

FIG. 1 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 1. — Phylogenetic tree of a dataset of Buccinoidea Rafinesque, 1815 obtained with Bayesian analysis of COI gene sequences. Support values shown for the supported nodes with posterior probability values between 0.70 and 1.00 only. The numbers in brackets following the species names correspond to illustrated specimens at the bottom of the figure.

FIG. 11 in On the taxonomic position of Phaenomenella Fraussen & Hadorn, 2006 (Neogastropoda, Buccinoidea) with description of two new species

FIG. 11. — Radulae of Siphonalia spp. A, S. cassidariaeformis (Reeve, 1846) no. 1; B, S. cassidariaeformis no. 2; C, S. pfefferi G. B. Sowerby III, 1900 no. 1;

FIGURE 64 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 64. Nerve ring in dorsal view. A. Buccinum undatum, buccal connective observed (char. 96: 1), buccal ganglia dorsal to pedal ganglia (char. 97: 0). B. Hemipolygona beckyae, buccal connective not observed (char. 96: 2), buccal ganglia dorsal to cerebral ganglia (char. 97: 1). Abbreviations: ngb, buccal ganglion; ngbc, buccal ganglion connective; ngc, cerebral ganglion; ngp, pedal ganglion. Scales= 1 mm.

FIGURE 66 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 66. Nerve ring in dorsal view. A. Granulifusus sp., short buccal commissure, less than 1/2 the total length of the buccal ganglia (char. 99: 0). B. Filifusus filamentosus, long buccal commissure, 1/2 or greater than the total length of the buccal ganglia (char. 99: 1). Abbreviations: ngb, buccal ganglion; ngbu, buccal ganglia commissure. Scales= 1 mm.

FIGURE 61. Penis. A. Leucozonia ocellata, penis without a in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 61. Penis. A. Leucozonia ocellata, penis without a pre- copulatory chamber (char. 92: 0). B. Dolicholatirus cayohuesonicus, penis with copulatory chamber (char. 92: 1) bearing short papilla contained within (char. 93: 0). C. Pisania pusio, penis bearing copulatory chamber (char. 92: 1) with a long protruding papilla (char. 93: 1). Abbreviations: cc, pre-copulatory chamber; pe, penis; pp, penis papilla. Scales= 1 mm.

FIGURE 59 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 59. Right side of roof of pallial cavity, male. A. Latirus vischii, prostate as a simple, linear tube (char. 89: 0). B. Buccinum undatum, prostate coiled (char. 89: 1). Abbreviations: pr, prostate; re, rectum. Scales= 2 mm.

FIGURE 31 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 31. Ventral view of odontophore cartilages and associated muscle. A. Thais speciosa, unfused cylindrical odontophore cartilages (char. 45: 0). B. Chryseofusus archerusius, concave odontophore cartilages (char. 45: 1), muscles removed, and fused less than 15% (char. 46: 0). C. Fusinus brasiliensis, concave cartilages (char. 45: 1) and fused more than 15% (char. 46: 1). Abbreviations: oc, odontophore cartilage. Scales= 1 mm.

FIGURE 28 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 28. Head in ventral view. A. Granulifusus sp. rhynchostome bearing longitudinal folds (char. 41: 1) and a lipped rim (char. 42: 1). B. Dolicholatirus cayohuesonicus, rhynchostome without longitudinal folds (char. 41: 0) and a simple margin (char. 42: 0). Abbreviations: ct, cephalic tentacle; rh, rhynchostome. Scales= 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 34. Radula. A in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 34. Radula. A. Latirus pictus, ratio of the width of the base by the width of the edge of rachidian is one (char. 52: 0). B. Fusolatirus bruijnii, ratio is less than 1 and more than 1/2 (char. 52: 1). C. Fusinus serotinus, ratio is 1/2 or less (char. 52: 2). Abbreviations: ral, radula lateral; rar, radula rachidian. Scales= 20 µm.

FIGURE 42. Radula. A in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 42. Radula. A. Amiantofusus candoris, radula, lateral base straight (char. 61: 0). B. Polygona angulata, lateral base curved (char. 61: 1). Abbreviations: ral, radula lateral. Scales= 10 µm.

FIGURE 23. Siphon. A in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 23. Siphon. A. Granulifusus sp. margin of the siphon smooth (char. 32: 0). B. Leucozonia cerata, margin bearing longitudinal folds (char. 32: 1). Abbreviations: mb, mantle border; si, siphon. Scales= 2 mm.

FIGURE 20 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 20. Transverse section of the roof of the pallial cavity in the osphradium region. A. Dolicholatirus cayohuesonicus, osphradium profile rounded (char. 27: 0). B. Fusinus australis, osphradium profile digitated (char. 27: 1). Abbreviations: os, osphradium. Scales= 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 27 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 27. Head in ventral view. A. Granulifusus kiranus, rhynchostome located close to the base of cephalic tentacles (char. 39: 0) as a longitudinal slit (char. 40: 1). B. Leucozonia cerata, located distanced from the base of cephalic tentacles (char. 39: 1) as a transverse slit (char. 40: 0). C. Hemipolygona beckyae, located close to the base of cephalic tentacles (char. 39: 0) as an oblique slit (char. 40: 2). Abbreviations: ct, cephalic tentacle; rh, rhynchostome. Scales= 1 mm.

FIGURE 49. Mid-esophagus. A in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 49. Mid-esophagus. A. Fasciolaria tulipa, salivary glands as paired and free amorphous masses (char. 72: 1). B. Fusinus sp. salivary glands close to nerve ring (char. 72: 0). Abbreviations: nr, nerve ring; sg, salivary glands. Scales= 5 mm.

FIGURE 51. Anterior and middle esophagus. A in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 51. Anterior and middle esophagus. A. Pugilina tupiniquim (modified from Abbate & Simone, 2015), valve of Leiblein absent (char. 74: 0) and ventral glandular region absent (char. 75: 0). B. Aurantilaria aurantiaca, valve of Leiblein present (char. 74: 1) and ventral glandular region absent (char. 75: 0). C. Fusinus frenguelli, valve of Leiblein present (char. 74: 1) and ventral glandular region present (char. 75: 1). Abbreviations: pv, ventral glandular region of mid-esophagus; vl, valve of Leiblein. Scales- 2 mm.

FIGURE 37 in A morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea)

FIGURE 37. Radula, detail of rachidian. A. Aurantilaria aurantiaca, rachidian tooth, secondary cusps present (char. 55: 1). B. Pustulatirus pallidus, no secondary cusps (char. 55: 0). Abbreviations: rar, radula rachidian; rar2, radula rachidian secondary cusp. Scales A= 50 µm, B= 10 µm.