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39 results for “Buthus”
Figure 352. Buthus schneideri L. Koch, 1878, a in Further review of Orthochirus Karsch, 1892 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) from Asia: taxonomic position of O. melanurus, O. persa, O. scrobiculosus, and description of six new species
Figure 352. Buthus schneideri L. Koch, 1878, a junior synonym of Orthochirus scrobiculosus (Grube, 1873), reproduced from Koch (1878, Taf. II).
Figure 6 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 6: A big terrarium in Fabre's courtyard, where he made his observations on scorpions (caption: "A big glass cage where the scorpions are kept"; after Fabre, 1920a).
Figure 9 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 9: Another plate from the same book, depicting courtship behaviour. 1. Initial courtship. 2. Promenade-a-deux. 3. The pair enters the nuptial hut (after Fabre, 1920a).
Figure 8 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 8: Cannibalism can be observed in Buthus occitanus both in the field and in captivity (photograph by Marco Colombo).
Figure 23 in Buthus awashensis sp. n. from Ethiopia (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
Figure 23: Map of distributions of Buthus awashensis sp. n. and Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 with only those localities at which the two species have been found by the author, T. Mazuch and P. Novák.
Figures 15–17 in Buthus awashensis sp. n. from Ethiopia (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
Figures 15–17: 15. Female paratype of Buthus awashensis sp. n. at the type locality. 16. Male paratype of Buthus awashensis sp. n. at the type locality. 17. Ethiopia, Awash, Metahara env., 08°54'N 39°54'E, 960-1050 m a.s.l. Type locality of Buthus awashensis sp. n. together with Butheolus sp. n., Compsobuthus abyssinicus Birula, 1903 and Parabuthus leiosoma (Ehrenberg, 1828).
Figures 18–22 in Buthus awashensis sp. n. from Ethiopia (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
Figures 18–22: 18. Somaliland, beetwen Berbera and Sheikh, 10°05'49.9"N 45°11'40.1"E, 628 m a.s.l. Collection locality of Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 together with Hottentotta polystictus (Pocock, 1896) and Pandinus (Pandinurus) sp. n.. 19. Male of Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 at the locality in Figure 22. 20. Female of Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 at the locality in Figure 22. 21. Juvenile of Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 at the locality in Figure 22. 22. Somaliland, near Berbera, 10°15'30.5"N 45°06'04.2"E, 376 m a.s.l. Collection locality of Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900 together with Butheolus sp. n., Compsobuthus sp. n. and Parabuthus granimanus Pocock, 1895.
Figures 1–14 in Buthus awashensis sp. n. from Ethiopia (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
Figures 1–14: 1–4: Buthus berberensis Pocock, 1900, Somaliland, near Berbera, 10°15'30.5"N 45°06'04.2"E, 376 m a.s.l. (see Fig. 22), FKCP. Figures 1–2: ♂ (52 mm) in dorsal and ventral views. 3–4: ♀ (50 mm) in dorsal and ventral views. 5–14. Buthus awashensis sp. n. 5–12: ♂ holotype of Buthus awashensis sp. n. in dorsal and ventral views (5–6), fifth metasomal segment and telson in lateral view (7), carapace with chelicerae (8), movable finger (9–10), chela in dorsal view (11), and trichobothrial pattern (12). 13–14: ♀ allotype, dorsal and ventral views.
Figure 2 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 2: The cover of The Life of Insects, Italian translation.
Figure 1 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 1: Fabre's portrait with his daughters and house (after Fabre, 1920a).
Figure 4 in On Fabre's traces: an important contributor to the knowledge of Buthus occitanus (Amoreux, 1789)
Figure 4: Buthus occitanus, a specimen in the dark (photo by Marco Colombo).
Data from: Watch out for your neighbor: climbing onto shrubs is related to risk of cannibalism in the scorpion Buthus cf. occitanus
The distribution and behavior of foraging animals usually imply a balance between resource availability and predation risk. In some predators such as scorpions, cannibalism constitutes an important mortality factor determining their ecology and behavior. Climbing on vegetation by scorpions has been related both to prey availability and to predation (cannibalism) risk. We tested different hypotheses proposed to explain climbing on vegetation by scorpions. We analyzed shrub climbing in Buthus cf. occitanus with regard to the following: a) better suitability of prey size for scorpions foraging on shrubs than on the ground, b) selection of shrub species with higher prey load, c) seasonal variations in prey availability on shrubs, and d) whether or not cannibalism risk on the ground increases the frequency of shrub climbing. Prey availability on shrubs was compared by estimating prey abundance in sticky traps placed in shrubs. A prey sample from shrubs was measured to compare prey size. Scorpions were sampled in six plots (50 m x 10 m) to estimate the proportion of individuals climbing on shrubs. Size difference and distance between individuals and their closest scorpion neighbor were measured to assess cannibalism risk. The results showed that mean prey size was two-fold larger on the ground. Selection of particular shrub species was not related to prey availability. Seasonal variations in the number of scorpions on shrubs were related to the number of active scorpions, but not with fluctuations in prey availability. Size differences between a scorpion and its nearest neighbor were positively related with a higher probability for a scorpion to climb onto a shrub when at a disadvantage, but distance was not significantly related. These results do not support hypotheses explaining shrub climbing based on resource availability. By contrast, our results provide evidence that shrub climbing is related to cannibalism risk.
Figure 1 in Mainland versus island differences in behaviour of Podarcis lizards confronted with dangerous prey: the scorpion Buthus occitanus
Figure 1. (A) Photograph illustrating experimental set-up. The scorpions were tethered by the base of the tail and placed on the ground about 15 cm in front of the lizards, after which the behavioural responses of the lizard towards the prey were noted. (B) Male P. atrata eating a scorpion.
Data from: Watch out for your neighbor: climbing onto shrubs is related to risk of cannibalism in the scorpion Buthus cf. occitanus
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Figure 9 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 9 - Graphical representation of the variation in the number of rows in the movable finger of all Buthus species. ª Species for which the bibliographic ranges are conflicting. * Number of rows in species identified by us from images of the type specimens may be underestimated.
Figure 7 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 7 - Map representing the five phylogenetic Buthus cox1 groups in the Maghreb. Groups as defined by Sousa et al. (2012) and Pedroso et al. (2013), also including cox1 sequences from Gantenbein and Largiadèr (2003), Habel et al. (2012) and Husemann et al. (2012) (redrawing of Figure 1 from Pedroso et al. 2013).
Figure 6 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 6 - Original drawings of the habits of Scorpio europaeus Linnaeus, 1758 (A) and S. occitanus (B), according to Amoreux (1789b) reproduced from plate I of that work. These images are unfortunately rarely cited, as they are very informative regarding the reasoning of Amoreux while describing the new species.
Figure 4 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 4 - The two key morphological diagnostic characters of the genus Buthus. A- Prosoma carapace with lyra-shaped keels (Hjelle 1990); B - Tip of pedipalp movable finger highlighting the three distal granules (distal denticle not included) (Lourenço 2002).
Figure 2 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 2 - Map of Buthus species distribution, and the known number of species by country. Also depicted are the species' type localities (numbers according to the species' Catalogue and Table 2) where known or the best possible approximation. Actual distribution within each country can be much smaller, but detailed distribution information is unknown for the majority of species.
Figure 16 from: Sousa P, Arnedo MA, Harris JD (2017) Updated catalogue and taxonomic notes on the Old-World scorpion genus Buthus Leach, 1815 (Scorpiones, Buthidae). ZooKeys 686: 15-84. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.686.12206
Figure 16 - Photo of a B. parroti female syntype (MNHN Nº RS1870), from the Ademine Forest, 04-1939, S.W. of Agadir, Morocco (Vachon 1952b).
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