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FIG. 12 in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 12. — Austinograea sp. aff. A. alayseae Guinot, 1990, ♂ 31.3 × 48.8 mm (right-handed), ♀ 29.6 × 44.8 mm (left-handed), Manus Basin, Shinkai 2000, 3°43.60'S, 151°40.32'E, PACMANUS site, field E, 1676 m (see Tsuchida & Hashimoto 2002), MNHN-IU-2016-10750 (= MNHN-B28761): A, male chelae, crusher and cutter, outer surfaces of palms; B, female chelae, cutter and crusher, outer surfaces of palms.

FIG. 11. — Austinograea jolliveti n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 11. — Austinograea jolliveti n. sp., holotype, ♂ 12.8 × 20.0 mm (right-handed), North Fiji Basin, STARMER II cruise, dive 18 (PL 18), Mussel Valley site, 18°50'S, 173°29'E, 2750 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10769: A, mxp3; B, thoracic sternum; C, G1 and G2 in situ (reconstructed); D, G1, two views; E, G2, two views. Scale bars: B, 5 mm; D, 1 mm; E, 0.5 mm (note the scale bars of the two gonopods, the G2 being about half-length of G1); A, C, without scale.

FIG. 4. — A-C, Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 4. — A-C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., holotype, ♂ 25.7 × 40.2 mm (right-handed), Lau Back-Arc Basin, TUIM06MV cruise, dive 142, Tow Cam site, 20°19.07'S, 176°08.24'W, 2719 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10737: A, B, chelae with two coloured spots on outer surface of palm of right crusher (A) and left cutter (B); C, G1 and G2 photographed in situ; D, E, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., atypical ♀ 30.0 × 48.5 mm (right-handed), Lau Back-Arc Basin, MGLN07MV cruise, dive 230, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2623 m, MNHN-IU-2016-10752: D, crusher with one marked dark spot and the other one, only discernible by a yellow trace (wound at base of fixed finger is not a spot comparable to that of A. jolliveti n. sp.); E, cutter with two indistinct spots, only as yellow traces.

FIG. 3. — Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 3. — Austinograea hourdezi n. sp. photographed in situ: A, Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, dive 432, Tow Cam site, 20˚18.98'S, 176˚08.19'W, 2723 m, 05.VI.2009 (type locality), among sessiles barnacles Eochionelasmus ohtai ohtai Yamaguchi, 1990. The two dark spots on outer surface of palm of both chelae indicate a male; see patches of dense setae on inner surface of both chelae, and the darkly coloured two-thirds of dactylus of right cheliped; B, C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., due to the patch of dense setae on inner surface of both chelae: B, Lau Basin, TUIM07MV cruise, dive 163, ABE site, 20°45.65'S, 176°11.45'W, 2130 m, 23.VI.2005; on a bed of gastropod Ifremeria nautilei Bouchet & Warén, 1991; C, Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, dive 431, ABE site, 20°45.65'S, 176°11.45'W, 2130 m, 03.VI.2009. The crab and the gastropods Alviniconcha hessleri sensu lato are blurry, the photography in situ having been taken in hydrothermal diffuse area with the emanating fluid visible as shimmering water. Photographies courtesy of C. R. Fisher (Penn State University, USA).

FIG. 8. — A, B in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 8. — A, B, Austinograea alayseae Guinot, 1990, photographed in situ: see absence of patches of setae on inner surface of chelae: A, crab with white carapace, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2621 m, among mussels Bathymodiolus brevior Cosel, Métivier & Hashimoto, 1994 and snails Ifremeria nautilei Bouchet & Warén, 1991; B, crab with carapace stained orange due to iron or manganese oxide deposits, and cluster of alvinocaridid shrimps, Lau Basin, TUIM07MV, Kilo Moana site, 20°03.23'S, 176°08.01'W, 2621 m; C, Austinograea hourdezi n. sp. (presumed identification, see p. 89), Lau Basin, Lau Basin 2009 cruise, Kilo Moana site, among mussels Bathymodiolus brevior, gastropods Ifremeria nautilei, sea anemone probably Cyananthea hourdezi Zelnio, Rodríguez & Daly, 2009, and alvinocaridid shrimp, Alvinocaris komaii Zelnio & Hourdez, 2009. This invidual with palm of preserved left cheliped (regenerated?) bearing only a single dark spot is atypical such as many Austinograea species showing regenerated chelipeds; patches of setae discernible just above on inner surface of chela and on right subhepatic region. Photographies courtesy of C. R. Fisher (Penn State University, USA).

FIG. 5. — Austinograea hourdezi n in A review of the brachyuran deep-sea vent community of the western Pacific, with two new species of Austinograea Hessler & Martin, 1989 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Bythograeidae) from the Lau and North Fiji Back-Arc Basins

FIG. 5. — Austinograea hourdezi n. sp., paratype, ♂ 29.8 × 48.1 mm (left-handed, with weak heterochely and heterodonty), Lau Back-Arc Basin, TUIM06MV cruise, dive 142, Tow Cam site, MNHN-IU-2016-10738: A, dorsal view; B, frontal view; C, mxp3; D, ventral view; E, G, both chelae with two typical spots on outer surface; F, H, both chelae with patches of setae on inner surface: E, F, cutter situated at right; G, H, crusher situated at left.

FIG. 10 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 10. — Colour photograph of a relatively large (carapace width estimated as between 7 and 8 mm) live megalopa stage of Bythograea thermydron Williams, 1980 collected from the East Pacific Rise (C. Epifanio and A. Dittel collection).

FIG. 9 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 9. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, first and second antennae and sternal region: A, first antenna (antennule); B, second antenna; C, sternal region, anterior toward top of figure, with pereiopodal coxae indicated by dashed lines. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 8 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 8. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, miscellaneous images: A, anterolateral region of carapace in dorsal view, white arrow indicating peritrichous ciliate (one of several found on carapace); B, higher magnification of ciliate marked by arrow in A; C, ventral view of left eyestalk and base of antenna; D, tip of endopod of second pleopod showing curved, interlocking serrate spines (cincinulli), disassociated in this view for clarity. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, 20 µm; C, 500 µm; D, 50 µm.

FIG. 6 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 6. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, same individual as in Figure 1, selected appendages, abdomen, and telson: A, right cheliped, external view; B, dactylus of third pereopod,dorsal view; C, first pleopod, anterior view; D, fourth pleopod, anterior view; E, posterior two abdominal somites, telson, and uropods, dorsal view; F, ventral view of same region shown in E. Scale bars: A, 5 mm; B-F, 2 mm.

FIG. 7 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 7. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, SEM photographs of chela and pereopods: A, anterior (outer) view of left chela; B, higher magnification of same appendage as in A showing details of chelipedal fingers; C, dactylus and distal region of propodus of fifth pereopod (walking leg); D, higher magnification of distal part of dactylus shown in C; note absence of curved serrate setae and serrate spines found in many other brachyuran megalopae. Scale bars: A, 1.0 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, 200 µm.

FIG. 2 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 2. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, selected SEM photographs of the carapace: A, anterior two thirds of carapace showing relative size of eyes, setal covering, and central protrusion (arrow); B, dorsal view of right anterolateral region of carapace and right chela; C, higher magnification of central carapace protrusion indicated by arrow in A; D, higher magnification of pappose setae from anterior dorsal region of carapace. Scale bars: A-C, 0.5 mm; D, 100 µm.

FIG. 4 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 4. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, second and third maxillipeds: A, second maxilliped, outer view, left side; B, third maxilliped, inner view; C, third maxilliped and gill (detached), outer view. Scale bar: A, c. 1.5 mm; B, C, 2 mm.

FIG. 3 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 3. — Megalopa stage of Bythograea, mandibles, maxillae, and first maxilliped: A, outer (anterior) view (figure on left) and inner view of right mandible; paragnath shown only in outer view; B, first maxilla (maxillule), left side; C, second maxilla, left side; D, first maxilliped, inner view, left side; E, same appendage as D, outer view; arrow denotes serrate cleaning seta shown at higher magnification in Figure 5C and E. Scale bars: A-D, 1 mm; E not to scale.

FIG. 1 in The megalopa stage of the hydrothermal vent crab genus Bythograea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Bythograeidae)

FIG. 1. — Megalopa larval stage of a vent crab (Bythograea), entire specimen, dorsal view, based on a relatively large (carapace width 7.4 mm,carapace length 6.2 mm) specimen from the Epifanio and Dittel collection from the East Pacific Rise (Alvin Dive 3177). Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIGURE 8 in New crabs from hydrothermal vents of the Kermadec Ridge submarine volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura)

FIGURE 8. Xenograpsus ngatama sp nov., holotype male 16.0 x 15.6 mm, Macauley Caldera (NIWA 18013). A, dorsal view. B, frontal view.

FIGURE 7 in New crabs from hydrothermal vents of the Kermadec Ridge submarine volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura)

FIGURE 7. Xenograpsus ngatama sp nov. A, holotype male, 16.0 x 15.6 mm, Macauley Caldera (NIWA 18013). B–C, female, 34.8 x 33.1 mm Brothers Seamount (NZOI stn Z10782). D–E, male, 44.1 x 42.0 mm, Brothers Seamount (NZOI stn Z10782). A, male abdomen (scale bar = 2 mm). B, female abdomen (scale bar = 4 mm). C, left gonopore female (scale bar = 1 mm. D, G1 and G2 (scale bar = 2 mm), E, tip of G1 from opposite side (scale bar = 1 mm).

FIGURE 6 in New crabs from hydrothermal vents of the Kermadec Ridge submarine volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura)

FIGURE 6. Xenograpsus ngatama sp. nov., holotype male, 16.0 x 15.6 mm, Macauley Caldera (NIWA 18013). A, dorsal view whole carapace (scale bar = 5 mm). B, magnified right anterolateral margin (scale bar = 2 mm). C, outer face right cheliped (scale bar = 2 mm). D, dorsal view right cheliped (scale bar = 2 mm). E, left third maxilliped (scale bar = 2 mm)., F, posterior view right P4 and P5 (scale bar = 5 mm);

FIGURE 9 in New crabs from hydrothermal vents of the Kermadec Ridge submarine volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura)

FIGURE 9. Xenograpsus ngatama sp nov., male, 27.1 x 25.8 mm, Brothers Seamount (NZOI Z10782). A, dorsal view. B, frontal view.

FIGURE 5 in New crabs from hydrothermal vents of the Kermadec Ridge submarine volcanoes, New Zealand: Gandalfus gen. nov. (Bythograeidae) and Xenograpsus (Varunidae) (Decapoda: Brachyura)

FIGURE 5. Gandalfus puia sp. nov., male 36.7 x 22.6 mm, Macauley Caldera. A, first gonopod tip. B, spines on surface of first gonopod. C, second gonopod notch. D, second gonopod tip.