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27 results for “Bythotrephes longimanus”
North Temperate Lakes LTER Bythotrephes longimanus spiny water flea population monitoring in Wisconsin and Minnesota 2009 - 2014
Three data tables are included describing population dynamics for Bythotrephes longimanus, spiny water flea, in Southern Wisconsin during invasion. General monitor took place in Lake Mendota, Lake Monona, Lake Waubesa, Lake Kegonsa, Stormy Lake, Gile Flowage, Lake Gogebic. Accompanying Bythotrephes morphological measurements from Lake Mendota monitoring efforts in 2011 and 2012. Included are individual measurements of body morphology and reproductive status for ~2,500 Bythotrephes collected from Lake Mendota in 2011 and 2012. Sediment cores from Lake Mendota were analyzed for spiny water flea evidence with age of sediment estimated.
Data from: Genetic and maternal effects on tail spine and body length in the invasive spiny water flea (Bythotrephes longimanus)
Interest in the evolution of invasive species has grown in recent years, yet few studies have investigated sources of variation in invasive species traits experiencing natural selection. The spiny water flea, Bythotrephes longimanus, is an invasive zooplankton in the Great Lakes that exhibits seasonal changes in tail spine and body length consistent with natural selection. Evolution of Bythotrephes traits, however, depends on the presence and magnitude of quantitative genetic variation, which could change within or across years. Clonal analysis of wild-captured Bythotrephes indicated that variance components for distal spine length were variable among but not within years. Spine length was always heritable but was not always influenced by maternal effects. In contrast, variance components for body length varied both within and among years, but likewise body length was always heritable and not always influenced by maternal effects. Results indicate that important Bythotrephes traits have heritable variation comparable to native species and other invasive species that would enable an evolutionary response to natural selection. This evolutionary capacity could contribute to the widespread success and dramatic effects of Bythotrephes invasion in systems with diverse biotic and abiotic conditions.
Evolutionary change in metabolic rate of Daphnia pulicaria following invasion by the predator Bythotrephes longimanus
<p><span>Metabolic rate is a trait that may evolve in response to the direct and indirect effects of predator-induced mortality. Predators may indirectly alter selection by lowering prey densities and increasing resource availability or by intensifying resource limitation through changes in prey behaviour (e.g. use of less productive areas). In the current study </span><span>we quantify evolution of metabolic rate in the zooplankton </span><em><span>Daphnia pulicaria</span></em><span> following an invasive event by the predator </span><em><span>Bythotrephes longimanus</span></em><span> in Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, US. This invasion has been shown to dramatically impact </span><em><span>D. pulicaria</span></em><span>, </span><span>causing a ~60% decline in their biomass. </span><span>Using a resurrection ecology approach, we compared the metabolic rate of D. pulicaria clones originating from prior to the <em>Bythotrephes</em> invasion with that of clones having evolved in the presence of <em>Bythotrephes</em>. </span><span>We observed</span><span> a 7.4% reduction in metabolic rate among post-invasive clones compared to pre-invasive clones, and discuss the potential roles of direct and indirect selection in driving this change. </span></p>
FIGURE 12 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 12. The supposed hybrids Bythotrephes cederströmii x "B. crassicaudus"; parthenogenetic females (Schweden, Karesuando (Prov. Norrbotten): A, F; Russia, Lake Onega: C, I; Lake Pozemskoje (Karelia): E, J; Uglecheskoje Reservoir (Central European Russia): B, G, H; Lake Taiylar (Yakutia, Eastern Siberia): D). A–E, proximal part of caudal process. F–J, curve of caudal process.
FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 5. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females, Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, seta of first segment of endopodite of tl I. B, distal parts of apical setae of tl I. C, anterior apical seta of tl III. D, E, pseudognathobase of tl II and tl III, respectively (pore arrowed). F, proximal parts of apical setae of tl I, G, tl IV (ex = external setae, int = internal setae). H, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl IV. I, surface of caudal process with minute spinules. Scale bars: 20µm (B); 10µm (F, G, I); 5 µm (A, C, D, E, H).
FIGURE 11 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 11. Bythotrephes cederströmii Schödler, parthenogenetic female (Schweden: Lake Saxen (Prov. Värmland) (paralectotypes): A–H, J, K, L; Lake Holvuvistjarn (Prov. Närke) (paralectotypes): M,N; Lake Bolmen (Prov. Småland): G, I. A, general lateral view. B, F, G, caudal process. C, I, caudal curve. D, denticles of caudal curve. E, proximal parts of tl I–tl III, outer view. H, claws of caudal process, dorsal view. J, tl I. K, N, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. L, M, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I.
FIGURE 10 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 10. Bythotrephes cederströmii Schödler, parthenogenetic female (Schweden: Lake Saxen (Prov. Värmland) (lectotype), general lateral view (bend on spine is arrowed). Scale bar 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 7 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 7. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females (Switzerland: Lake Geneva (Lac Leman): A, D, I, U– W; Vierwaldstättersee: G, K, L, P; Lake Neuchâtel: B, E, J, Q, T; Italy: Lago di Garda (Lake Garda): C, F, M, O, S; Lago di Como (Comer See): H, N, R). A–C, thoracic limbs of first pair (tl I). D, G, E, F, H, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. I–N, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. O–W, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I.
FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females, Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, distal end of second segment of upper antennal branch. B, distal end of mandible. C, papillae of mandibular process. D, spinules of distal part of mandible. E, upper lip (labrum). F, apical papillae of middle lobe of upper lip. Scale bars: 20µm (A, B, E); 5µm (C, D, F).
FIGURE 6 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 6. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, regular parthenogenetic females (A–G), male (H–K), and parthenogenetic females of first generation (L–O) (Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, B, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) from outer and inner side, respectively. C, D, setae of apical segment of tl IV. E, seta of basal segment of tl IV, F, G, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. H, male, general lateral view. I, tl I with a hook. J, male's hook. K, copulatory appendage. L, M, apical setae of first and second segments of endopodite of tl I, respectively. N, O, claws of postabdomen and caudal process.
FIGURE 8 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 8. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females (Austria: Mond See: A, D, J, M–O; Grundlsee: F, I, Q, S, W; Millstätter See: E, K, P, R, X; Great Britain, Loch Ness: B, G, L, T, U; Lake Grasmere (English Lake District): C, H, V). A–C, thoracic limbs of first pair (tl I). D–H, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. I–L, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. N–V, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I. W, X, apical setae of caudal process.
FIGURE 14 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 14. Schemes of morphological structure of tl II–tl III (A), tl IV (B), and abdomen (C) (lateral view). (abd = three abdominal segments, cp = caudal process, end = endopodite, end/prot = internal part of protopodite fused with endopodite, pgnat = pseudognathobase, p/abd = postabdomen, tr = trunk).
FIGURE 13 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 13. Comparative proportions of body parts of Bythotrephes cederströmii s. str. (Southern Sweden) and hybrids (Lake Pozemskoje, Karelia, Russia). A, length of postabdominal claws. B, interclaw distance.
FIGURE 11 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 11. Bythotrephes cederströmii Schödler, parthenogenetic female (Schweden: Lake Saxen (Prov. Värmland) (paralectotypes): A – H, J, K, L; Lake Holvuvistjarn (Prov. Närke) (paralectotypes): M, N; Lake Bolmen (Prov. Småland): G, I. A, general lateral view. B, F, G, caudal process. C, I, caudal curve. D, denticles of caudal curve. E, proximal parts of tl I – tl III, outer view. H, claws of caudal process, dorsal view. J, tl I. K, N, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. L, M, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I.
FIGURE 10 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 10. Bythotrephes cederströmii Schödler, parthenogenetic female (Schweden: Lake Saxen (Prov. Värmland) (lectotype), general lateral view (bend on spine is arrowed). Scale bar 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 9 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 9. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females: I–M, O, R–T; gamogenetic females: A, G, H, N, P, Q; males: B–F. (Great Britain. Loch Lochy: A–H, N, P, Q; Llyn Quellyn: I, M, R; Llyn Padarn: J, O, S; Lake Windermere: K, L, T). A, gamogenetic female, general lateral view. B, male, general lateral view. C, proximal seta on antero-dorsal side of basipodite. D, male's tl I with hook. E, male's hook. F, copulatory appendage. G–K, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. L–O, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. P–T, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I.
FIGURE 6 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 6. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, regular parthenogenetic females (A – G), male (H – K), and parthenogenetic females of first generation (L – O) (Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, B, thoracic limb of fourth pair (tl IV) from outer and inner side, respectively. C, D, setae of apical segment of tl IV. E, seta of basal segment of tl IV, F, G, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. H, male, general lateral view. I, tl I with a hook. J, male's hook. K, copulatory appendage. L, M, apical setae of first and second segments of endopodite of tl I, respectively. N, O, claws of postabdomen and caudal process.
FIGURE 8 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 8. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females (Austria: Mond See: A, D, J, M – O; Grundlsee: F, I, Q, S, W; Millstätter See: E, K, P, R, X; Great Britain, Loch Ness: B, G, L, T, U; Lake Grasmere (English Lake District): C, H, V). A – C, thoracic limbs of first pair (tl I). D – H, claws of postabdomen and caudal process. I – L, apical setae of first segment of endopodite of tl I. N – V, apical setae of second segment of endopodite of tl I. W, X, apical setae of caudal process.
FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 5. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females, Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, seta of first segment of endopodite of tl I. B, distal parts of apical setae of tl I. C, anterior apical seta of tl III. D, E, pseudognathobase of tl II and tl III, respectively (pore arrowed). F, proximal parts of apical setae of tl I, G, tl IV (ex = external setae, int = internal setae). H, apical end of pseudognathobase of tl IV. I, surface of caudal process with minute spinules. Scale bars: 20 µm (B); 10 µm (F, G, I); 5 µm (A, C, D, E, H).
FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, 1860 and B. cederströmii Schödler, 1877 (Crustacea: Cladocera: Onychopoda), with notes on the morphology and systematics of the genus Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860
FIGURE 3. Bythotrephes longimanus Leydig, parthenogenetic females, Bodensee (Germany) (type locality). A, distal end of second segment of upper antennal branch. B, distal end of mandible. C, papillae of mandibular process. D, spinules of distal part of mandible. E, upper lip (labrum). F, apical papillae of middle lobe of upper lip. Scale bars: 20 µm (A, B, E); 5 µm (C, D, F).
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