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739 results for “CASCADE”
Cascade project at North Temperate Lake LTER – Daily Respiration Data for Whole Lake Nutrient Additions 2013-2015
Daily estimates of ecosystem respiration and values of covariates from surface waters of Paul, Peter, and Tuesday lakes from mid-May to early September for the years 2013, 2014, and 2015. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were added to Peter and Tuesday lakes each year while Paul Lake was an unfertilized reference.
Species interactions during succession in the western Cascade Range of Oregon, 1990 to present
The factors that contribute to plant species establishment and decline following disturbance determine the rates and patterns of successional change of a system. In this long-term field experiment, we test the commonly held assumption that competition for space or resources by dominant species determines the outcome of succession. Specifically, we examine the population- and community-level consequences of removing one or more potentially dominant species from the post-disturbance community after clearcut logging and burning of a mature/old-growth Douglas-fir forest. Experimental treatments include: (1) removal of early-seral annual, Senecio sylvaticus, or perennial, Epilobium angustifolium—or both—to test the influences of these early-seral dominants on subsequent community development; (2) removal of all species except Senecio or Epilobium, to test whether the decline of these early-seral dominants is driven by competitive displacement; or (3) removal of shade-tolerant forest species that dominate subsequent stages of succession—Rubus ursinus or Berberis nervosa plus Gaultheria shallon—to test the influences of these long-lived perennials on understory development. The experiment is a randomized block design comprising eight removal treatments plus a control replicated in each of 25 blocks. Removal (reduction in competition) is achieved by removing seedlings or vegetative stems annually from a treatment area of 2.5 x 2.5 m. Sample plots (1 x 1 m) centered within these are used to estimate cover of all vascular plant species and, for the first 8 yr of the experiment, stem density and height, facilitating estimates of above-ground biomass. Pre-harvest data were collected in 1990, logging/burning occurred in 1991, and removal treatments and post-treatment sampling were initiated in 1992. Six of the nine experimental treatments were terminated between 1996 and 1998, with loss of early-seral Senecio and Epilobium from the system. The remaining three treatments (removal
Cone production of upper slope conifers in the Cascade Range of Oregon and Washington, 1959 to 2022
Seed supply is a key feature of tree population dynamics, and seed production may be indicative of environmental and biological drivers. This study examines cone production in upper-slope, true fir-hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest, starting in 1959 to the present. Annual surveys of cone counts of Abies spp. (A. amabilis, A. concolor, A. grandis, A. lasiocarpa, A. magnifica, A. procera), Pinus spp. (P. engelmannii, P. lamberti, P. monticola), and Tsuga spp. (T mertsiana) have been conducted at sixty-one plots in 37 locations in nine national forests in Washington and Oregon (originally 10 national forests, but Mt. Baker and Snoqualimie were combined). At each site, a visual count is made of cone production in each of a number (20-30) trees in a stand of one tree species. At some plots, additional trees were added in the 1980s. Primary data include numbers of counts per tree per year, periodic measurements of tree diameter, and the names of the sites. These data illustrate the periodicity of cone production cycles, as well as longer trends associated with climate change and variability in the region.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Carbon 1984 - 2023
Data on dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, particulate organic matter, partial pressure of CO2 and absorbance at 440nm. Samples were collected with a Van Dorn sampler. Organic carbon and absorbance samples were collected from the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion. Inorganic samples were collected at depths corresponding to 100%, 50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, and 1% of surface irradiance, as well as one sample from the hypolimnion. Samples for the partial pressure of CO2 were collected from two meters above the lake surface (air) and just below the lake surface (water). Sampling frequency: varies; number of sites: 14
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Nutrients 1991 - 2019
Physical and chemical variables are measured at one central station near the deepest point of each lake. In most cases these measurements are made in the morning (0800 to 0900). Vertical profiles are taken at varied depth intervals. Chemical measurements are sometimes made in a pooled mixed layer sample (PML); sometimes in the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion; and sometimes in vertical profiles. In the latter case, depths for sampling usually correspond to the surface plus depths of 50percent, 25percent, 10percent, 5percent and 1percent of surface irradiance. The 1991-1999 chemistry data was obtained from the Lachat auto-analyzer. Like the process data, there are up to seven samples per sampling date due to Van Dorn collections across a depth interval according to percent irradiance. Voichick and LeBouton (1994) describe the autoanalyzer procedures in detail. Nutrient samples were sent to the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies for analysis beginning in 2000. The Kjeldahl method for measuring nitrogen is not used at IES, and so measurements reported from 2000 onwards are Total Nitrogen.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Physical and Chemical Limnology 1984 - 2016
Physical and chemical variables are measured at one central station near the deepest point of each lake. In most cases these measurements are made in the morning (0800 to 0900). Vertical profiles are taken at varied depth intervals. Chemical measurements are sometimes made in a pooled mixed layer sample (PML); sometimes in the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion; and sometimes in vertical profiles. In the latter case, depths for sampling usually correspond to the surface plus depths of 50percent, 25percent, 10percent, 5percent and 1percent of surface irradiance.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Phytoplankton 1984 - 2015
Data on epilimnetic phytoplankton from 1984-2015, determined by light microscopy from pooled Van Dorn samples at 100 percent, 50 percent, and 25 percent of surface irradiance. St. Amand (1990) and Cottingham (1996) describe the counting protocols in detail. Samples after 1995 were counted by Phycotech Inc. (http://www.phycotech.com). Sampling Frequency: varies; Number of sites: 5
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Process Data 1984 - 2016
Data useful for calculating and evaluating primary production processes were collected from 6 lakes from 1984-2016. Chlorophyll a and pheophytin were measured by the same fluorometric method from 1984-2016. In some years chlorophyll and pheophytin were separated into size fractions (total, and a 'small' fraction that passed a 35 um mesh screen). Primary production was measured by the 14C method from 1984-1998. Dissolved inorganic carbon for primary production calculation was calculated from Gran alkalinity titration and air-equilibrated pH until 1987 when this method was replaced by gas chromatography. Until 1995 alkaline phosphatase activity was measured as an indicator of phosphorus deficiency.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Zooplankton 1984 - 2019
Zooplankton data from 1984-2019. Sampled approximately weekly with two net hauls through the water column (30 cm diameter net, 80 um mesh). There have been over eight zooplankton counters during this period, so species-level identifications (TAX, below) are not as consistent as those for some of the other datasets. Sampling Frequency: varies; Number of sites: 8
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER – Daily Bloom Data for Whole Lake Experiments 2011 - 2019
Daily measurements of algal bloom variables (chlorophyll, phycocyanin fluorescence, dissolved oxygen, and pH) from the surface waters of Paul, Peter, and Tuesday lakes from mid-May to early September for the years 2011 to 2019, excluding 2012 and 2017. In some years, Peter (2013-2015, 2019) and Tuesday (2013-2015) lakes had inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus added to them daily to cause algal blooms while Paul Lake served as an unmanipulated reference.
Stage height, discharge, water temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen at Cascade Brook in Black Rock Forest, Cornwall, NY 1998 - 2015
Black Rock Forest established a stream monitoring station in the Cascade Brook watershed in 1998. The station is equipped with a 120-degree sharp-crested v-notch weir and was built to continuously monitor the flow, temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen content of the stream water in Cascade Brook in New York. The Cascade Brook watershed encompasses 135 hectares (334 acres), is generally a southern aspect, and has been little affected by human activity in the last century. The forest is deciduous and dominated by oak species. The station records data hourly, and while water chemistry sensors have been used intermittently through the decades, stage height and discharge has been measured consistently from1998 - 2015.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER cross-lakes comparison carbon Data 1988 - 2007
Data on dissolved organic and inorganic carbon as well as particulate organic matter and the partial pressure of CO2. Samples were collected with a Van Dorn bottle. Organic samples were collected from the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion. Inorganic samples were collected at depths corresponding to 100%, 50%, 25%, 10%, 5%, and 1% of surface irradiance, as well as one sample from the hypolimnion. Samples for the partial pressure of CO2 were collected from two meters above the lake surface (air) and just below the lake surface (water).
Cascade project at North Temperate Lakes LTER - High-resolution spatial analysis of CASCADE lakes during experimental nutrient enrichment 2015 - 2016
This dataset contains high-resolution spatio-temporal water quality data from two experimental lakes during a whole-ecosystem experiment. Through gradual nutrient addition, we induced a cyanobacteria bloom in an experimental lake (Peter Lake) while leaving a nearby reference lake (Paul Lake) as a control. Peter and Paul Lakes (Gogebic county, MI USA), were sampled using the FLAMe platform (Crawford et al. 2015) multiple times during the summers of 2015 and 2016. In 2015 nutrient additions to Peter Lake began on 1 June, and ceased on 29 June, Paul Lake was left unmanipulated. In 2016 no nutrients were added to either lake. Measurements were taken using a YSI EXO2 probe and a Garmin echoMap 50s. Sensor- data were collected continuously at 1 Hz and linked via timestamp to create spatially explicit data for each lake. Crawford, J. T., L. C. Loken, N. J. Casson, C. Smith, A. G. Stone, and L. A. Winslow. 2015. High-speed limnology: Using advanced sensors to investigate spatial variability in biogeochemistry and hydrology. Environmental Science & Technology 49:442–450.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER High Frequency Sonde Data from Food Web Resilience Experiment 2008 - 2011
High-frequency sonde data collected from the surface waters of two lakes in Upper Peninsula of Michigan during the summers of 2008-2011. The food web of Peter Lake was slowly transformed by gradual additions of Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) while Paul Lake was an unmanipulated reference. Sonde data were used to calculate resilience indicators to evaluate the stability of the food web and to calculate ecosystem metabolism.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Phosphorus, Chlorophyll, DOC, Color, and pH for Twenty UNDERC Lakes 1995 - 2003
Data on total phosphorous, chlorophyll a, dissolved organic carbon, water color, and pH for a set of lakes located at the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center (UNDERC). Surface water samples were collected monthly from May through August either from shore with a telescoping pole or from a boat. Twenty lakes were sampled from 1995-2000. Fifteen of these lakes were sampled from 2001-2003.
Cascade project at North Temperate Lakes LTER - High Frequency Data for Whole Lake Nutrient Additions 2013-2015
High frequency continuous data for temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, chlorophyll a, and phycocyanin in Paul, Peter, and Tuesday lakes from mid-May to early September for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were added to Peter and Tuesday lakes each year while Paul Lake was an unfertilized reference.
Cascade project at North Temperate Lakes LTER - Daily Chlorophyll Data for Whole Lake Nutrient Additions 2013-2015
Daily chlorophyll for surface water samples in Paul, Peter, and Tuesday lakes from mid-May to early September for the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were added to Peter and Tuesday lakes each year while Paul Lake was an unfertilized reference.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER – High-resolution Spatial Data for Whole Lake Experiments 2018 - 2019
Spatial measurements of water quality from Peter and Paul lakes in 2018 and 2019. In 2019, inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were added to Peter Lake daily to cause an algal bloom while Paul Lake was an unmanipulated reference lake. In 2018, both lakes were sampled 1 time per week, while in 2019 lakes were sampled three times per week. Measurements were taken using the FLAMe sampling platform (Crawford et al. 2015, Environmental Science and Technology 49:442-450), which was driven in a grid pattern and recorded GPS coordinates and water measurements at 1Hz to create high resolution spatial maps.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER: Aquatic heatwave effects on chlorophyll 2008-2019
Temperature and chlorophyll data were collated from multiple datasets to identify the effects of aquatic heatwaves on phytoplankton in three north temperate lakes, Peter Lake, Paul Lake, and Tuesday Lake between 2008 and 2019. Heatwaves were identified using a water temperature model constructed from temperature data from Sparkling Lake and Woodruff Airport between 1989 and 2022. Heatwave characteristics, water color, nutrients, grazing, and lake stability data are included to relate chlorophyll response to heatwaves to other conditions associated with a set of whole-lake experiments. The food web of Peter Lake was manipulated with largemouth bass additions between 2008 and 2011. Nutrient additions were made to Peter Lake and Tuesday Lake between 2013 and 2015, and again in Peter Lake in 2019. Paul Lake was always maintained as an unmanipulated reference lake. Full descriptions of the experiments can be found in Szydlowski et al., "Aquatic heatwaves increase surface chlorophyll concentrations in experimental and reference lakes."
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER: Physical and Chemical Limnology 1984 - 2007
Physical and chemical variables are measured at one central station near the deepest point of each lake. In most cases these measurements are made in the morning (0800 to 0900). Vertical profiles are taken at varied depth intervals. Chemical measurements are sometimes made in a pooled mixed layer sample (PML); sometimes in the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion; and sometimes in vertical profiles. In the latter case, depths for sampling usually correspond to the surface plus depths of 50percent, 25percent, 10percent, 5percent and 1percent of surface irradiance. The 1991-1995 chemistry data obtained from the Lachat auto-analyzer. Like the process data, there are up to seven samples per sampling date due to Van Dorn collections across a depth interval according to percent irradiance. Voichick and LeBouton (1994) describe the autoanalyzer procedures in detail. Methods for 1984-1990 were described by Carpenter and Kitchell (1993) and methods for 1991-1997 were described by Carpenter et al. (2001). Carpenter, S.R. and J.F. Kitchell (eds.). 1993. The Trophic Cascade in Lakes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England. Carpenter, S.R., J.J. Cole, J.R. Hodgson, J.F. Kitchell, M.L. Pace,D. Bade, K.L. Cottingham, T.E. Essington, J.N. Houser and D.E. Schindler. 2001. Trophic cascades, nutrients and lake productivity: whole-lake experiments. Ecological Monographs 71: 163-186. Number of sites: 8
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