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45 results for “Caiman”
Figure 2. After 21 in Predation on eggs of Schneider's dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus trigonatus (Schneider, 1807), by armadillos and other predators
Figure 2. After 21 days, (A) a giant armadillo returns to the same nest and is driven away by an adult Paleosuchus trigonatus. After (B) remaining face to face with the caiman, (C, D) the armadillo departs, circling the nest tree.
Fig. 3 in Field and experimental evidence of a new caiman trypanosome species closely phylogenetically related to fish trypanosomes and transmitted by leeches
Fig. 3. Proposed life cycle of T. clandestinus and its developmental and morphological features in caiman blood and leeches. Giemsa-stained blood smears showed blood trypomastigotes of experimentally-infected Caiman yacare, and epi- and trypomastigotes found in the gut of one leech of the genus Haementeria sp. collected in the mouth of a wild Cayman yacare captured in the Pantanal wetland of Brazil. The caiman and the leech trypanosomes were molecularly identified as T. clandestinus. (a‾c) epimastigotes; (b) epimastigote dividing by binary fission; (d, g) short trypomastigote; (e,f) long and thin trypomastigotes. Arrow points to the long and thin posterior extremity of very long and slender trypomastigotes. K, kinetoplast; N, nucleus; F, flagellum.
Fig. 2 in Field and experimental evidence of a new caiman trypanosome species closely phylogenetically related to fish trypanosomes and transmitted by leeches
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree (ML) based on gGAPDH sequences showing the Terrestrial and Aquatic clades of Trypanosoma and the positioning of T. clandestinus. The Crocodilian clade, which is formed by T. terena, T. ralphi, T. gray and Cay03 nests in the Terrestrial Clade whereas the Clandestinus clade comprising T. clandestinus nests in Aquatic clade. Typanosomatid genera other than Trypanosoma were used as outgroups in the phylogenetic trees (608 characters, Ln = —7611.897017). Numbers at nodes are bootstrap support (P/ML)>50% and Bayesian posterior probability>0.25 derived from 500 replicates.
Fig. 1 in Field and experimental evidence of a new caiman trypanosome species closely phylogenetically related to fish trypanosomes and transmitted by leeches
Fig. 1. Geographical origin of crocodilian trypanosomes included in the V7V8 SSU rRNA dendrogram inferred to compare the barcode sequences between the new and known trypanosomes from crocodilians and other species of aquatic and semi aquatic hosts. The clade comprising T. clandestinus n. sp. nested into the Aquatic clade closely related to fish trypanosomes whereas sequences of the other new species formed the clade Cay03, which clustered with T. terena, T. grayi and T. ralphi in the Crocodilian Terrestrial clade. The host species and geographic origin and Genbank accession numbers of sequences from the crocodilian trypanosomes are shown in Table 1. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap support values>50% (P/ML) derived from 500 replicates.
Figs 1–6 in Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in Black Caiman Melanosuchus niger (Crocodilia: Alligatoridae) from the Amazon Region, Brazil, with a Description of Two New Coccidian Species
Figs 1–6. Nomarski interference micrographs of sporulated coccidia oocysts found in black caimans faeces × 1,000. 1–2 – Eimeria nigeri n. sp.; 3–4 – Eimeria portovelhensis n. sp.; 5–6 – Eimeria paraguayensis. FIL – filament from the area of the Stieda body, OR – oocyst residuum, OW – oocyst wall, RB – refractile body, SB – Stieda body, SR – sporocyst residuum.
CaImAn: An open source tool for scalable Calcium Imaging data Analysis
<p>Advances in fluorescence microscopy enable monitoring larger brain areas <em>in-vivo</em> with finer time resolution. The resulting data rates require reproducible analysis pipelines that are reliable, fully automated, and scalable to datasets generated over the course of months. We present CaImAn, an open-source library for calcium imaging data analysis. CaImAn provides automatic and scalable methods to address problems common to preprocessing, including motion correction, neural activity identification, and registration across different sessions of data collection. It does this while requiring minimal user intervention, with good scalability on computers ranging from laptops to high-performance computing clusters. CaImAn is suitable for two-photon and one-photon imaging, and also enables real-time analysis on streaming data.</p> <p>To benchmark the performance of CaImAn we collected and combined a corpus of manual annotations from multiple labelers on nine mouse two-photon datasets, that are contained in this open access repository. We demonstrate that CaImAn achieves near-human performance in detecting locations of active neurons.</p> <p>In order to reproduce the results of the paper or download the annotations and the raw movies, please refer to the readme.md at:</p> <p>https://github.com/flatironinstitute/CaImAn/blob/master/use_cases/eLife_scripts/README.md</p> <p> </p>
Data for: Landscape features affect caiman body condition in the middle Araguaia river floodplain
<p>Landscape modifications often undermine habitat suitability for species' persistence, with initial effects observed through physiological responses of individuals and populations. However, some landscape features can allow tolerant wildlife species to persist in human-modified landscapes, but they are still overlooked. Across distinct agricultural landscapes, we assessed landscape features affecting the body condition (estimate through scaled mass index - SMI) of <em>Caiman crocodilus</em> (Crocodylia, Alligatoridae) in human-modified landscapes of the Araguaia floodplain, central Brazil. We used a spatial Bayesian model averaging approach to determine the effects of landscape attributes, ectoparasites, tail damage, and severe body injuries on caiman body condition. We found that caimans had higher SMI in anthropogenic (ditches and artificial ponds) than natural habitats (lakes or rivers). Overall, caiman SMI was negatively associated with wetland cohesion (an aggregation and connectivity metric). Otherwise, landscape composition did not influence caiman SMI. Further, ectoparasites and body injuries did not affect SMI, whereas tail damage negatively affected SMI. Our findings underscore that caiman populations can adapt to artificial wetlands and irrigated rice fields, provided they incorporate natural and semi-natural habitat patches that enhance environmental heterogeneity, prey availability, and waterbody availability and connectivity.</p>
Data for: Landscape features affect caiman body condition in the middle Araguaia river floodplain
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Data from: Ecological and behavioral implications of multiple paternity in the Smooth-fronted caiman in French Guiana
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Data from: Are caiman nests microhabitats? Assessing their ecological role across different levels of anthropogenic disturbance
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FIGURE 6 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 6. Geographic distribution of Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis, C. crocodilus complex and C. yacare examined.
FIGURE 4. Caiman crocodilus fuscus, FMNH 69849 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 4. Caiman crocodilus fuscus, FMNH 69849. Skull in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. Jaw in dorsal view.
FIGURE 7 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 7. Distribution of C. c. apaporiensis, C. crocodilus complex and C. yacare along the first and second principal components axes.
FIGURE 5. Caiman crocodilus crocodilus, FMNH 26672 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 5. Caiman crocodilus crocodilus, FMNH 26672. Skull in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. Jaw in dorsal view.
FIGURE 3. Caiman crocodilus chiapasius, FMNH 73709 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 3. Caiman crocodilus chiapasius, FMNH 73709. Skull in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. Jaw in dorsal view.
FIGURE 2 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 2. Caiman yacare (= C. crocodilus yacare), FMNH 9150. Skull in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. Jaw in dorsal view.
FIGURE 1 in Morphometric analysis of the Rio Apaporis Caiman (Reptilia, Crocodylia, Alligatoridae)
FIGURE 1. Caiman crocodilus apaporiensis, holotype, FMNH 69812. Skull in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. Jaw in dorsal view.
Drymarchon corais (Colubridae) and Caiman crocodilus (Alligatoridae) use different feeding behaviors to consume poisonous toads
<p><span>Drymarchon corais</span><span> and Caiman crocodilus are reported here using different feeding behaviors for consuming poisonous toads of the genus Rhinella (Bufonidae). Drymarchon corais was observed feeding on specimens of Rhinella diptycha without avoiding contact with the parotoid macroglands, suggesting that this snake species is immune to toad toxins. Caiman crocodilus was recorded avoiding contact with the parotoid macroglands of specimens of Rhinella marina by consuming only the front and rear legs, suggesting that this caiman may be sensitive to toad toxins. Further experimental and field studies are needed to better understand the feeding behavior of D. corais and C. crocodilus, and the effects of Rhinella toxins on these predators.</span></p>
Architecture of the bronchial tree in Cuvier's dwarf caiman (Paleosuchus palpebrosus)
<p>We imaged the lungs of five Cuvier's dwarf caiman (<em>Paleosuchus palpebrosus</em>) via computed tomography (CT) and micro-computed tomography (μCT) and compared these data to the lungs of the American alligator (<em>Alligator mississippiensis</em>). These data demonstrate anatomical commonalities between the lungs of <em>P. palpebrosus</em> and <em>A. mississippiensis</em>, and a few notable differences. The structural similarities are (a) a proximally narrow, distally widened, hook-shaped primary bronchus; (b) a cervical ventral bronchus that branches of the primary bronchus and immediately makes a hairpin turn toward the apex of the lung; (c) a sequential series of dorsobronchi arising from the primary bronchus caudal to the cervical ventral bronchus; (d) intraspecifically highly variable medial sequence of secondary airways; (e) sac-like laterobronchi; and (f ) grossly dead-ended caudal group bronchi in the caudal and ventral aspects of the lung. The primary differences between the two taxa are in the overall number of large bronchi (fewer in <em>P. palpebrosus</em>), and the number of branches that contribute to the cardiac regions. Imaging data of both a live and deceased specimen under varying states (postprandial, fasting, total lung capacity, open to atmosphere) indicate that the caudal margin and position of the lungs shift craniocaudally relative to the vertebral column. These imaging data suggest that the smooth thoracic ceiling may be correlated to visceral movement during ventilation, but this hypothesis warrants validation. These results provide the scaffolding for future comparisons between crocodilians, for generating preliminary reconstructions of the ancestral crocodilian bronchial tree, and establishing new hypotheses of bronchial homology across Archosauria.</p>
Figure 1 in Parental care in the dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus palpebrosus Cuvier, 1807 (Reptilia: Crocodilia: Alligatoridae)
Figure 1. Locations of survey in three sites, around the Pantanal (1), in the Guaporé-Madeira (2) and Amazon Rivers (3), Brazil.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.