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8 results for “Carcharhinus melanopterus”
Figure 3. A third C in First photographic inland record of blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Indonesian waters
Figure 3. A third C. melanopterus caught by local people on 6 March 2019 in Sentani, Papua province, Indonesia (Photo: Jay Fajar).
Figure 1 in First photographic inland record of blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Indonesian waters
Figure 1. Location of C. melanopterus (yellow triangle) found in freshwater habitat in Sentani, Papua province, Indonesia.
Data from: Blacktip reef sharks, Carcharhinus melanopterus, have high genetic structure and varying demographic histories in their Indo-Pacific range
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Data from: Direct genetic evidence for reproductive philopatry and associated fine-scale migrations in female blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) in French Polynesia.
Conservation of top predators has been emphasised as essential in an ecosystem due to their role in trophic chain regulation. Optimization of conservation strategies for these endangered marine top predators requires direct estimates of breeding patterns and connectivity, which are essential to understand their population dynamics. While there have been some attempts to investigate breeding patterns of reef sharks from litter reconstruction using molecular analyses, direct fine-scale migrations of female sharks for parturition as well as connectivity at a medium scale, such as between islands, remain mostly unknown. We used microsatellite DNA markers and a likelihood-based parentage analysis to determine breeding patterns of female blacktip reef sharks in Moorea (Society Islands, French Polynesia). Such an approach demonstrates that while most females gave birth at their home island, some migrated to specific nursery areas outside their home range, sometimes going to another island (up to 50 km across deep ocean). Analysis also revealed that females migrated to the same nursery on every birthing event. Many offspring showed a high level of inbreeding indicating an overall reduced population size, restricted movements and dispersal, or specific mating behaviour. Females represent the vectors that transport the genes at nursery grounds, and their fidelity should thus define reproductive units. As females seem to be philopatric, males could be the ones dispersing genes between metapopulations. These results highlight the need for conservation of coastal zones where female reef sharks seems to exhibit philopatry during the breeding season.
Data from: Demographic inferences after a range expansion can be biased: the test case of the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)
The evolutionary history of species is a dynamic process as they modify, expand and contract their spatial distributions over time. Range expansions (REs) occur through a series of founder events that are followed by migration among neighbouring demes. The process usually results in structured metapopulations and leaves a distinct signature in the genetic variability of species. Explicitly modeling the consequences of complex demographic events such as REs is computationally very intensive. Here we propose an an alternative approach that requires less computational effort than a comprehensive RE model, but that can recover the demography of species undergoing a RE, by combining spatially explicit modelling with simplified but realistic metapopulation models. We examine the demographic and colonization history of Carcharhinus melanopterus, an abundant reef-associated shark, as a test case. We first used a population genomics approach to statistically confirm the occurrence of a RE in C. melanopterus and identify its origin in the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Spatial genetic modelling identified two waves of stepping-stone colonization: an eastward wave moving through the Pacific and a westward one moving through the Indian Ocean. We show that metapopulation models best describe the demographic history of this species and that not accounting for this may lead to incorrectly interpreting the observed genetic variation as signals of widespread population bottlenecks. Our study highlights insights that can be gained about demography by coupling metapopulation models with spatial modeling and underscores the need for cautious interpretation of population genetic data when advancing conservation priorities.
Figure 2. Two C in First photographic inland record of blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) in Indonesian waters
Figure 2. Two C. melanopterus caught by local people on 6 March 2019 in Sentani, Papua province, Indonesia (Photo: Gloria Setyvani Putri).
Data from: Demographic inferences after a range expansion can be biased: the test case of the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Direct genetic evidence for reproductive philopatry and associated fine-scale migrations in female blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) in French Polynesia.
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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