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125 results for “Chordodes”
Figure 4 in Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes moraisi (Carvalho, 1942) and Chordodes straviarskii Carvalho and Feio, 1950, and re-interpretation of Chordodes gestri Camerano, 1904 and Pseudochordodes griffinii (Camerano, 1898) (Gordiida, Nematomorpha)
Figure 4. SEM of male of ''Pseudochordodes griffinii'' holotype. (A) Cuticle of midbody; (B) areolar group in the middle region of the body. Scale bars: 10 mm.
Figure 2 in Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes moraisi (Carvalho, 1942) and Chordodes straviarskii Carvalho and Feio, 1950, and re-interpretation of Chordodes gestri Camerano, 1904 and Pseudochordodes griffinii (Camerano, 1898) (Gordiida, Nematomorpha)
Figure 2. SEM of female of Chordodes staviarskii holotype. (A) Ventral view of posterior end with cloacal opening, bristles and radiating grooves (arrow). (B, C) Midbody cuticle: (B) areoles types 1–3 and interareolar tubercle; (C) areoles of type 1–3 and clusters containing types 4 and 6. (D) Areoles type 5 and 6 in the longitudinal ventral groove; b, bristles; t, tubercle. Scale bars: 100 mm (A, D); 10 mm (B); 50 mm (C).
Figure 1 in Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes moraisi (Carvalho, 1942) and Chordodes straviarskii Carvalho and Feio, 1950, and re-interpretation of Chordodes gestri Camerano, 1904 and Pseudochordodes griffinii (Camerano, 1898) (Gordiida, Nematomorpha)
Figure 1. SEM of female of Chordodes moraisi, holotype. (A) Ventral view of posterior end with cloacal opening; (B) midbody cuticle, areoles types 1–3; (C) tubercle in the interareolar furrow; (D, E) areoles type 4 with long filaments in the longitudinal ventral groove. Scale bars: 100 mm (A, E); 50 mm (B–D).
Figure 3 in Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes moraisi (Carvalho, 1942) and Chordodes straviarskii Carvalho and Feio, 1950, and re-interpretation of Chordodes gestri Camerano, 1904 and Pseudochordodes griffinii (Camerano, 1898) (Gordiida, Nematomorpha)
Figure 3. SEM of male of ''Chordodes gestri'' holotype. (A, B) Ventral view of posterior end: (A) whole posterior end with cloacal opening (arrow); (B) cloacal opening with circumcloacal bristles. (C) Cuticle at the midbody with megareolar pattern. (D) Areolar pattern in the anterior region of the body. Scale bars: 100 mm (A); 50 mm (B); 10 mm (C, D).
Figure 5. Chordodes polytuberculatus n in Central American and Caribbean species of horsehair worms (Nematomorpha), with the description of three new species
Figure 5. Chordodes polytuberculatus n. sp. (A) Overview of the cuticle showing crowned areoles and abundant tubercles; (B) detail of crowned areoles, surrounded by long and slender areoles.
Figure 4 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-I. Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes gariazzi Camerano, 1902, C. heinzei Sciacchitano, 1937, C. kolensis Sciacchitano, 1933, C. muelleri Sciacchitano, 1937, and C. ruandensis Sciacchitano, 1937
Figure 4. Chordodes muelleri, female. (A) Stereomicroscope, posterior end with terminal cloacal opening (arrow); (B) body cuticle with simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2); (C) clusters containing crowned (3) and circumcluster (4) areoles; (D) cluster of crowned areoles with long filaments (5) along the ventral midline. Scale bars: 16.6 mm (A); 10 mm (B, C).
Figure 1 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-I. Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes gariazzi Camerano, 1902, C. heinzei Sciacchitano, 1937, C. kolensis Sciacchitano, 1933, C. muelleri Sciacchitano, 1937, and C. ruandensis Sciacchitano, 1937
Figure 1. Chordodes gariazzi, SEM. (A) Ventral view of male posterior end with cloacal opening (c), arrow indicates position of the bristlefields; (B) general view of the midbody cuticle with simple (1), bulging (2), tubercle (3), crowned (4), and circumcluster areoles (5); (C) cuticle of the lateral side of the body with simple, bulging, and tubercle areoles (numbering as in B); (D) tubercle areole and areolar cluster of crowned and circumcluster areoles. Scale bars: 100 mm (A); 25 mm (B, C); 10 mm (D).
Figure 2 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-I. Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes gariazzi Camerano, 1902, C. heinzei Sciacchitano, 1937, C. kolensis Sciacchitano, 1933, C. muelleri Sciacchitano, 1937, and C. ruandensis Sciacchitano, 1937
Figure 2. Chordodes heinzei, male. (A) Stereomicroscope, posterior end with subterminal cloacal opening (arrow). (B–F) SEM: (B) general view of the midbody cuticle; (C) simple and bulging areoles; (D) lateral view of the midbody cuticle; (E) lateral view of cluster with crowned and circumcluster areoles; (F) cluster as in (E) from top. Numbering: simple (1), tubercle (2), bulging (3), crowned (4), and circumcluster (5) areoles. Scale bars: 16.6 mm (A); 100 mm (B); 25 mm (C, F); 12.5 mm (D); 10 mm (E).
Figure 5 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-I. Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes gariazzi Camerano, 1902, C. heinzei Sciacchitano, 1937, C. kolensis Sciacchitano, 1933, C. muelleri Sciacchitano, 1937, and C. ruandensis Sciacchitano, 1937
Figure 5. Chordodes ruandensis, female. (A) Stereomicroscope, posterior end with terminal cloacal opening (arrow); (B, C) SEM: (B) cuticle of the lateral side of the body with simple areoles; (C) cuticle with crowned (2) and circumcluster (3) areoles. Scale bars: 16.6 mm (A); 10 mm (B, C).
Figure 3 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-I. Ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes gariazzi Camerano, 1902, C. heinzei Sciacchitano, 1937, C. kolensis Sciacchitano, 1933, C. muelleri Sciacchitano, 1937, and C. ruandensis Sciacchitano, 1937
Figure 3. Chordodes kolensis. (A) Stereomicroscope, male posterior end, subterminal cloacal opening (arrow) (AMT 1400). (B–G) SEM: (B) female posterior end with terminal cloacal opening (arrow) (AMT 1390); (C–F) cuticle from male specimens; (C) general view of the midbody cuticle; (D) higher magnification from (C); (E) additional areolar types (labelled 3 and 4); (F) crowned areoles with short filaments from the lateral body sides; (G) female crowned areoles with long apical filaments from the ventral midline. Numbering: simple (1), bulging (2), special types (3, 4), crowned with short filaments (5), circumcluster (6), and crowned with long filaments (7) areoles. Scale bars: 16.6 mm (A); 100 mm (B, C); 25 mm (D); 10 mm (E, F); 50 mm (G).
Figure 5 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 5. Chordodes digitatus. (A, B) SEM male midbody cuticle: (A) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle (2) and thorn areoles; (B) midbody cuticle showing thorn areole (3) and clusters of crowned areoles (4) surrounded by circumcluster areoles (5). (C) SEM of female longitudinal ventral groove: thorn areole (3) and crowned areoles with long filaments (6). Scale bars: 10 mm.
Figure 2 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 2. Chordodes clavatus, male, SEM. (A) Posterior end with subterminal cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (black arrows); (B) detail of the posterior end showing the bristlefields (Bf), the cloacal opening (c) and circumcloacal spines (white arrow); (C) general view of the midbody cuticle; (D) detail of the midbody cuticle with simple (1), bulging (2), and tubercle areole (3); (E) midbody cuticle with clusters of crowned areoles (4) surrounded by circumcluster areoles (5). Scale bars: 100 mm (A, C); 10 mm (B, D, E).
Figure 1 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 1. Chordodes capensis. (A) Stereo microscopy, ventral view of male posterior end; (B) stereo microscopy, female posterior end; (C, D) SEM of male cuticle, image of midbody cuticle showing simple (1), tubercle (2), crowned (3), and circumcluster areoles (4); (E, F) SEM of female longitudinal ventral groove crowned areoles with long filaments (5). Scale bars: 16.6 mm (A, B); 20 mm (C–E); 10 mm (F).
Figure 4 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 4. Chordodes digitatus, holotype, SEM male posterior end. (A) View of the cloacal opening (c) lying on the central cuticular protuberance and surrounded by circumcloacal spines. Lateral to the cloacal opening are two rows of bristles (the bristlefield, arrow); (B) detail of the posterior end. Scale bars: 50 mm (A); 20 mm (B).
Figure 3 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 3. (A, B) Chordodes clavatus, female, SEM: (A) general view of the body cuticle showing simple (1), bulging (2), crowned areoles with short filaments (4), and circumcluster areoles (5); (B) crowned areoles with long apical filaments (6) and thorn areole (7) from the ventral midline posterior end. (C) [Chordodes ibembensis], cuticle of the holotype showing simple (1), tubercle (2), bulging (3), crowned areoles (4), and circumcluster areoles (5). (D) [Chordodes uncinatus], cuticle with the same types of areoles as [Chordodes ibembensis]. Scale bars: 20 mm (A); 50 mm (B); 10 mm (C, D).
Figure 6 in Revision of the genus Chordodes (Gordiida, Nematomorpha) from Africa-III: ultrastructural redescription of Chordodes capensis Camerano, 1895, C. clavatus Linstow, 1906, C. digitatus Linstow, 1901, C. tuberculatus Linstow, 1901, and reinterpretation of C. ibembensis Sciacchitano, 1958 and C. uncinatus Sciacchitano, 1958
Figure 6. Chordodes tuberculatus, holotype. (A–C) Posterior end: (A) general view showing the cloacal opening (c); (B) detail of the cuticle, cloacal opening (c) and bristlefields (arrow) of the terminal end; (C) detail of the bristlefields. (D–F) Midbody cuticle: (D) general view; (E) cuticle with simple (1), tubercle areoles with an eccentric tubercle (2) and clusters of crowned areoles (3); (F) detail of simple (1) and tubercle areoles (2). Scale bars: 50 mm (A, D); 20 mm (B); 10 mm (C, E, F).
Supplementary materials for "Modeling the geographical distributions of Chordodes formosanus and its mantis hosts in Taiwan, with considerations for their niche overlaps"
<p>Species distribution model (SDM) has conventionally been used for evaluating the<br> distribution of single species, but comparisons between different SDMs are possible for<br> evaluating the geographic similarity between taxa. Here we used a parasite and host system<br> to infer the geographic overlaps between species with tight biological interaction, e.g.<br> parasites and their obligate host; specifically, we used the horsehair worm <em>Chordodes<br> formosanus</em> and its three different mantis hosts to study the extent of niche overlap. We<br> retrieved presence points for the host species and the parasite and we built the SDMs with<br> MaxEnt implemented in ENMeval by using selected bioclim variables (based on VIF values)<br> at a 30 seconds scale. The models showed that the hosts and parasite do not occur in the high<br> elevation areas in Taiwan, which was expected based on their biology. Interestingly, the<br> predicted parasite distribution included areas without collection records, implying local<br> extinction or sampling bias. We subsequently evaluated niche overlap between hosts and the<br> parasite according to five similarity indices (Schoener’s D, I statistic, relative rank, Pearson<br> correlation coefficient and the rank correlation coefficient<em> rho</em>). Our models showed high<br> similarity of SDM predictions between hosts and the parasite. There were differences among<br> metrics about which host shared the highest similarity with the parasite, but the majority of<br> the results indicated that the Japanese boxing mantis has the highest niche similarity with the<br> horsehair worm. The choice of the niche overlap metric to use can be seen as a way to get<br> informations on the parasite’s ecology, which can be important for endangered species SDMs<br> are reliable tools for host and parasite conservation management and could help to improve<br> biological and ecological knowledge of parasites.</p>
FIGURE 12 in Three new species of Chordodes and new data on hairworms (Nematomorpha) from Ecuador
FIGURE 12. Gordionus ondulatus. SEM: Cuticle with one areolar type and with scarce round bristles. Bars= 10µm.
FIGURE 11 in Three new species of Chordodes and new data on hairworms (Nematomorpha) from Ecuador
FIGURE 11. Gordius robustus. SEM: A. Posterior end showing the round cloacal opening, the postcloacal crescent and two lobes. B. Smooth cuticle from midbody. Bars: 11A= 100µm, 11B= 50µm.
FIGURE 9 in Three new species of Chordodes and new data on hairworms (Nematomorpha) from Ecuador
FIGURE 9. Chordodes bouvieri. SEM: A. General view of the cuticle along ventral midline. B. Detail of clusters of crowned areoles along the ventral midline having short apical filaments. C. Simple areoles in a female (QCAZI 10001) with a clearly evident porous on top without bristles. Bars: 9A= 200µm, 9B= 10µm, 9C= 20µm.
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