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48 results for “Chrysaora”
The distribution of Chrysaora melanaster and hydrographical conditions in the southeastern Bering Sea in 2018
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FIGURE 10 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 10. Views of Chrysaora africana: (a) in situ, (b) showing exumbrella surface and c) a graphical representation of the gastrovascular pouch shape. Wild caught ephyrae of C. africana from Walvis Bay, Namibia shown in d) stained with rose Bengal and e) unstained showing natural colours. Photographs with kind permission from (a) Simon Elwin, Namibian Dolphin Project and (b) Heidi Skrypzeck (Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Swakopmund).
FIGURE 2 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 2. Rooted Bayesian COI tree using TPMuf+I+G model of evolution. Geographic information on collecting sites is provided in Table 1 & Appendix 1. Posterior probabilities (BY) and bootstrap support values (ML) are given above and below branches respectively. Dotted lines indicate alternative topologies present in Maximum Likelihood analyses.
FIGURE 1 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 1. Canonical ordination plot of the discriminant functions analysis for Chrysaora fulgida, C. hysoscella, C. africana and C. agulhensis sp. nov.: δ 2 = 0.96, δ 2 = 0.94. Vector overlays show the relationship between those variables (meristic and 1 2 standardized morphometric measures) that have a Spearman Rank correlation of> 0.55 with the CAP axes. (VLW = Velar lappet width; RLW = Rhopalial lappet width; MD = Manubrium depth; ML = Manubrium length; Mouth D = Mouth diameter; OW = Ostia width; No. VL = Number of velar lappets; Max OAW = Maximum width of oral arm).
FIGURE 4 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 4. Photographs of the Holotype specimen (MB-A088455) of Chrysaora agulhensis sp. nov. submitted to the South African Natural History Museum, collected at False Bay (Fish Hoek), South Africa in June 2014, showing a) the exumbrellar surface with characteristic star-shaped colouration and b) the subumbrellar surface showing colour and length of the oral arms, colour of manubrium as well as the shape of the velar and rhopalial lappets. The shape of the tentacular and rhopalial pouches, showing radial septum fusing at periphery of rhopalial lappets can also be seen in this image. In c) the arrangement of the primary and secondary tentacles (2:1:2) are shown, with the shape and size of the ostia also clearly visible. Enlarged images of the rhopalium which illustrates: d) the ventral view showing the hood and e) the dorsal view showing the statocyst and rhopalal canal.
FIGURE 6 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 6. Enlarged images of the polyps of Chrysaora agulhensis sp. nov., settled from adult medusae collected at Robbin Island, South Africa in 2013: image illustrating two fully grown polyps; one strobilating (left) and one not strobilating (right).
FIGURE 8 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 8. Microscopic images (1000 ×) of the isorhiza nematocysts occurring on the oral arms/tentacles of Chrysaora agulhensis sp. nov., C. fulgida and C. africana: a–b) undischarged A and O-isorhiza from the oral arm of C. fulgida; c) discharged holotrichous A-isorhiza from the oral arm of C. agulhensis sp. nov.; d) discharged holotrichous O-isorhiza from the oral arm of C. agulhensis sp. nov. and e) discharged atrichous anisorhiza from the oral arm of C. africana.
FIGURE 12 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 12. Enlarged images of the ephyrae of C. fulgida: a) wild caught ephyrae stained with rose Bengal, b) wild caught ephyrae, unstained showing natural colours. Cultured ephyrae, unfed, at c) two days post liberation, d) two weeks post liberation and e) 30 days post liberation. Lappets stems, lappets, nematocyst clusters and gastric filaments clearly visible.
FIGURE 5 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 5. Photographs of Chrysaora agulhensis sp. nov. collected at Whale Rock during November 2012 showing a) exumbrellar view of medium sized preserved specimen (12 cm) (Paratype: MB-A088456) displaying the lack of pigmentation on the central disk and shape of gonads, b) side-view of a larger specimen in situ displaying deep purple colouration of the central apex, long trailing oral arms and ribbon-like tentacles, c) enlarged image of the finger-like network of canals found toward the periphery of the rhopalial lappets and, d) subumbrella image of a large (> 20 cm) preserved specimen, showing maroon/purple colouration of the manubrium and e) uniform pigmentation found on the manubrium of larger specimens. Photograph in b) with kind permission from Peter Southwood, recreational underwater photographer.
FIGURE 7 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 7. Enlarged images of the cultured ephyrae of C. agulhensis sp. nov., taken unfed, at a) two days post liberation, b) two weeks post liberation (indicating size of mouth) and c) two weeks post liberation (whole ephyrae). Lappets stems, lappets, nematocyst clusters and gastric filaments clearly visible.
FIGURE 11 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 11. Photographs of live Chrysaora fulgida in the northern Benguela ecosystem, illustrating colour pattern variation between a) juvenile medusae and, b) adult medusa. Highly folded oral arms are clearly represented in b. Photographs with kind permission from Simone Neethling, The University of the Western Cape.
FIGURE 3 in There are three species of Chrysaora (Scyphozoa: Discomedusae) in the Benguela upwelling ecosystem, not two
FIGURE 3. Rooted Bayesian species tree for the concatenated nuclear dataset of 18S, ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8S based on the GTR+I+G model of evolution. Posterior probabilities (BY) and bootstrap support values (ML) are given above and below branches respectively. Dotted lines indicate alternative topologies present in Maximum Likelihood analyses. Estimated divergence times, as determined by a time calibrated (RelTime) analysis, are represented on nodes as MYA.
FIGURE 2 in A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae)
FIGURE 2 (Continued). Basic characteristics of the false eyespot sea nettle: (M) various angled views of the pits, (N) exumbrellar surface without tentacles, not well developed marginal lappet and gonad and gastric pouch without filament of pre-juvenile specimens (umbrella diameter = 2.8 cm), (P) tiny tentacles on the smallest specimen and (Q) lateral view of the rhopalium pit apparently seen in conic shape of specimen in disc diameter of 10.5 cm. Specimens (A-J, Q) holotype and (K-P) paratypes. Specimens (A-B, Q) were alive, (C-L) were preserved in 3 % formaldehyde and (M-P) were preserved in 70 % alcohol. Labels include o: ocelli, r: rhopalium, t: tentacle, ml: marginal lappet, itl: inter-triple tentacle lappet, rl: rhopalium lappet, f: gastric filament, s: statocyst, g: gonad, p: pit, rsep: radial septa, d: discharged and ud: undischarged heterotrichous and holotrichous).
FIGURE 1 in A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae)
FIGURE 1. The false eyespot sea nettle: (A) lateral view and (B) dorsal view of adult Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. and (C) free-swimming Chrysaora sp. in the sea near Israel (from Edelist et al. 2019).
FIGURE 2 in A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae)
FIGURE 2. Basic characteristics of the false eyespot sea nettle: (A) ventral view with exumbrealla pit and close-up view, (B) lateral view of brown-coloured rhopalium pit of specimen preserved in 70% alcohol and top view of the pit (pigment dissolved) among the arrows for a specimen preserved in 3% formaldehyde, (C) statocyst, (D) ocelli, (E) cnidome of the tentacles of Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov.; undischarged heterotrichous microbasic rhopaloid, 1 and un/discharged holotrichous A-isorhiza, 2-3, (F) cnidome of the tentacles; un/discharged holotrichous O-isorhiza, Specimens (A-J) holotype and (K-Q) paratypes. Specimens (A-B, Q) were alive, (C-L) were preserved in 3 % formaldehyde and (M-P) were preserved in 70 % alcohol. Labels include o: ocelli, r: rhopalium, t: tentacle, ml: marginal lappet, itl: inter-triple tentacle lappet, rl: rhopalium lappet, f: gastric filament, s: statocyst, g: gonad, p: pit, rsep: radial septa, d: discharged and ud: undischarged heterotrichous and holotrichous).
FIGURE 11 in Redescription of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Brazilian coast, with designation of a neotype
FIGURE 11. Oral view of a young medusa of Chrysaora lactea reared in laboratory, showing development of the secondary tentacles (arrows) on the subumbrellar portion of the marginal lappets. Scale = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Redescription of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Brazilian coast, with designation of a neotype
FIGURE 8. Side view of an advanced strobila of Chrysaora lactea, showing development of chain of ephyrae at different stages. Note that the tentacles of the polyp have already regenerated. Height approximately 1.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Brazilian coast, with designation of a neotype
FIGURE 2. Diagrammatic exumbrellar view of adult medusa of Chrysaora lactea. Note the arrangement of the tentacles (5 per octant) and papillae on exumbrella.
FIGURE 5 in Redescription of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Brazilian coast, with designation of a neotype
FIGURE 5. Diagrammatic side view of an oral arm of an adult medusa of Chrysaora lactea. Note the Vsection, frilled edge and spiral distal portion.
FIGURE 10 in Redescription of Chrysaora lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) from the Brazilian coast, with designation of a neotype
FIGURE 10. Nematocyst complement of different stages in the life cycle of Chrysaora lactea. A– D: scyphistoma; E–H: ephyra; I–N: medusa (tentacle). A–B, E–F, G–H, K–L: undischarged and discharged holotrichous isorhizae; C–D, I–J, M–N: undischarged and discharged birhopaloids, type II (as heterotrichous microbasic euryteles in Morandini et al., 2004). I, K and M photographed in preserved specimen, all others in living ones. Scale = 15 µm.
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