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1,285 results for “Cicada”
The forest, the cicadas, and the holey fluxes: Chamber and Cicada Hole Data
<p>This data set includes cicada emergence hole data for the soil respiration collars and phenology transects. Soil respiration, temperature, and moisture data were used for quantifying the effects of cicada emergence holes on soil carbon fluxes. Data was collected near Bloomington, IN, following the Brood X emergenece in 2021. </p>
Data from: 'A large, infrequent ecosystem subsidy (cicada carcasses) and warming additively accelerate development and increase growth of larval amphibians'
These data are from an experiment designed to quantify how ecosystem subsidies and elevated temperatures affect pond food webs, focusing on the response of frogs and the mechanisms affecting their responses. The subsidy we examined was the deposition of periodical cicada carcasses into ponds, simulating a large subsidy event that happens only every 17 years. The 7-week experiment was conducted in outdoor tanks using a factorial design with four treatments: Control (no subsidy, ambient temperature); Cicadas (cicada carcasses added in one large pulse); Warming (temperature elevated about 2.6°C above ambient); and Cicadas & Warming. The data set includes two frog response variables: time to metamorphosis (days) and size at metamorphosis (g wet mass). It also includes temperature in each tank, measured at 30-minute intervals. In addition, it includes data designed to characterize resource supply to frogs, including the abundance of periphyton and phytoplankton measured as chlorophyll concentration; periphyton and phytoplankton composition at the Division level using data from a spectrofluoroprobe; and water column nutrient concentrations, including ammonium, nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus. In addition, we estimated algal gross primary production using data on dissolved oxygen measured at 30-minute intervals, and include oxygen data here. Finally, we measured the rate at which cicada carcasses and leaf litter decomposed, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations at the end of the experiment, as these data may shed light on factors affecting nutrient supply to algae as well as ecosystem respiration rates, which are used to estimate gross primary production rates. Thus, we include data on the mass of cicada carcasses and leaf litter on several dates, as well as DOC concentrations on the last day of the experiment.
Fig. 4. Subpsaltria yangi Chen, 1943 in Review of the cicada genus Paharia Distant (Hemiptera, Cicadidae), with the description of a new species and its allied species
Fig. 4. Subpsaltria yangi Chen, 1943 (♂, exuvia). A. Dorsal view of body. B. Lateral view of body. C. Right fore leg, outer view. D. Spines at the apex of mid tibia. E. Spines at the apex of hind tibia. Abbreviations: apt = apical tooth of tibia; bt = blade of tibia; f = femur; fc = femoral comb; itf = intermediate tooth of femur; pbt = point of blade of tibia; ptf = posterior tooth of femur; t = trochanter; ti = tibia.
Fig. 3 in Review of the cicada genus Paharia Distant (Hemiptera, Cicadidae), with the description of a new species and its allied species
Fig. 3. Paharia putoni (Distant, 1892) (♂, adult), Turkey, Van, Kurubas Geçidi. A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. C. Head and thorax, dorsal view. D. Head and thorax, ventral view. E. Abdomen, ventral view. F. Pygofer, ventral view. G. Pygofer, lateral view. H. Left fore leg, showing the spines on fore femur.
Fig. 5 in Review of the cicada genus Paharia Distant (Hemiptera, Cicadidae), with the description of a new species and its allied species
Fig. 5. Distribution of the species of Paharia. Red square = Pa. lacteipennis (Walker, 1850); green triangle = Pa. putoni (Distant, 1892); purple circle = Pa. semenovi (Oshanin, 1906); brown pentagon = Pa. zevara (Kusnezov, 1931); yellow hexagon = Pa. insidiosa (Boulard, 1977) comb. nov.; black circle = Pa. oorschoti sp. nov.
Fig. 2 in Review of the cicada genus Paharia Distant (Hemiptera, Cicadidae), with the description of a new species and its allied species
Fig. 2. Paharia oorschoti sp. nov. (♂, exuvia, holotype). A. Dorsal view of body. B. Lateral view of body. C. Right fore leg, outer view. D. Spines at the apex of mid tibia. E. Spines at the apex of hind tibia. Abbreviations: acf = accessory tooth of femur; apt = apical tooth of tibia; bt = blade of tibia; f = femur; fc = femoral comb; itf = intermediate tooth of femur; pbt = point of blade of tibia; ptf = posterior tooth of femur; t = trochanter; ti = tibia.
Fig. 1 in Review of the cicada genus Paharia Distant (Hemiptera, Cicadidae), with the description of a new species and its allied species
Fig. 1. Paharia oorschoti sp. nov. (♂, adult, holotype). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Habitus, ventral view. C. Head and thorax, dorsal view. D. Head and thorax, ventral view. E. Abdomen, ventral view. F. Male pygofer, ventral view. G. Male pygofer, lateral view. H. Left fore leg, showing the spines on fore femur.
Figs 3−7 in Cicadatra pazukii, a new cicada species, with an identification key to the species of Cicadatra in Iran (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)
Figs 3−7. Cicadatra pazukii sp. nov., paratype. 3 – male pygofer, lateral view; 4 – male pygofer, dorsal view; 5 –male pygofer, ventral view; 6 – male timbal; 7 – male operculum.
Figs 1−2 in Cicadatra pazukii, a new cicada species, with an identification key to the species of Cicadatra in Iran (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)
Figs 1−2. Cicadatra pazukii sp. nov., holotype (pygofer dissected). 1 – dorsal view 2 – ventral view.
Figs 8−10 in Cicadatra pazukii, a new cicada species, with an identification key to the species of Cicadatra in Iran (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)
Figs 8−10. Male genitalia of Cicadatra pazukii sp. nov. 8 − left clasper; 9 − aedeagus, lateral view; 10 – detail of aedeagus apex, lateral view.
Figure 2 in Cicada minimum age tree: Cryptic speciation and exponentially increasing base substitution rates in recent geologic time
Figure 2. Cicada timetree built by BEAST v1.X, applying 1,534 bp COI sequence. OUTs with isolate number: our own analyzed specimens shown in Table 1, and others: from GenBank/DDJB. In outgroup Hemiptera; #: analyzed family by Johnson et al. (2018); % analyzed family by Misof et al. (2014). Inserted figure: Base substitution rate (= rate median shown at each node; substitutions per site per million year; s/s/myr) vs age (= posterior age shown at each node) diagram. Red approximate curve with its formula was drawn by Excel function, with the intersection for the curve = 0.0128 s/s/myr, the rate median shown on Tracer.
Figure 4 in Cicada minimum age tree: Cryptic speciation and exponentially increasing base substitution rates in recent geologic time
Figure 4. Number of base changes of transition and tansversion vs corrected pairwide distance diagram for whole mitochondrial gene.
Figure 1 in Cicada minimum age tree: Cryptic speciation and exponentially increasing base substitution rates in recent geologic time
Figure 1. Simplified cicada timetree built by BEAST v1.X, applying a 1,534 bp in maximum COI sequence. Inserted figure: Base substitution rate (= ratemedian shown at each node; substitutions per siteper millionyear; s/s/ myr) vsage (= posterior age shown at each node) diagram. Red approximate curve with its formula was drawn by an Excel function, with the intersection for the curve = 0.0128 s/s/myr, the rate median shown on Tracer.
Figure 3 in Cicada minimum age tree: Cryptic speciation and exponentially increasing base substitution rates in recent geologic time
Figure 3. Cicada timetree built by BEAST v1.X, applying 1,534 bp COI and 874 bp 18S rRNA sequences. OUTswith isolate number: our own analyzed specimens shown in Table 1, and others: from GenBank/DDJB. In outgroup Hemiptera; #: analyzed family by Johnson et al. (2018); % analyzed family by Misof et al. (2014). Inserted figure: Base substitution rate (= rate median shown at each node; substitutions per site per million year; s/s/myr) vs age (= posterior age shown at each node) diagram. Red approximatecurve with its formulawas drawn by Excel function, with the intersection for the curve = 0.0114 s/s/myr, the rate median shown on Tracer. Note that this rate is a little slower than thatsolely of COI in Figures 1 and 2, reflecting slowerrate of 18S rRNAthan COI (see Osozawa et al. 2017a).
Periodical cicadas disrupt trophic dynamics via community-level shifts in Avian Foraging
<p>Once every 13 or 17 years within eastern North American deciduous forests, billions of periodical cicadas concurrently emerge from the soil and briefly satiate a diverse array of naive consumers, offering a rare opportunity to assess the cascading impacts of an ecosystem-wide resource pulse on a complex food web. Here, we quantify the effects of the 2021 Brood X emergence, and report that >80 bird species opportunistically switched their foraging to include cicadas, releasing herbivorous insects from predation, and essentially doubling both caterpillar densities and accumulated herbivory levels on host oak trees. These short-lived but massive emergence events help us to understand how resource pulses can rewire interaction webs and disrupt energy flows in ecosystems, with potentially long-lasting effects. </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 1 in Scaling of Sound Pressure Level and Body Size in Cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae; Tibicinidae)
Fig. 1. Mean call sound pressure level (SPL) at 50 cm as a function of mean body mass for 30 cicada species. Call SPL was calculated from the mean power output determined for each species (n = 1 -40). Body mass is the mean value determined for the males of each species, not the specific individuals that were calling (n = 9-223).
Fig. 2 in Scaling of Sound Pressure Level and Body Size in Cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae; Tibicinidae)
Fig. 2. Alarm call SPL as a function of body mass. The alarm calls were measured 50 cm from individual insects using the apparatus described. Each cicada was rotated in space while producing the alarm call to eliminate any variation between species caused by possible asymmetries in the sound field.
Fig. 2 in Diurnal activity, temperature responses and endothermy in three South American cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Dorisiana bonaerensis, Quesada gigas and Fidicina mannifera)
Fig. 2. Tb of Dorisiana bonaerensis during a light rain under a heavy overcast on the 21st December 1986. These animals were not exposed to direct solar radiation before the Tb was recorded. Closed circles, represent body temperatures of singing D. bonaerensis; open circles, represent body temperatures of D. bonaerensis engaged in other activities (including no activity). Details as in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 in Diurnal activity, temperature responses and endothermy in three South American cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Dorisiana bonaerensis, Quesada gigas and Fidicina mannifera)
Fig. 3. Distribution of Dorisiana bonaerensis Tb as a function of Ta. The slope of the linear regression for "active" animals (closed circles) is significantly different from one, suggesting thermoregulation. The slope of the linear regression for "inactive" animals (open circles) is not significantly different from one, suggesting no thermoregulation is occurring.
Fig. 4 in Diurnal activity, temperature responses and endothermy in three South American cicadas (Homoptera: Cicadidae: Dorisiana bonaerensis, Quesada gigas and Fidicina mannifera)
Fig. 4. Distribution of Tb of as a function of Ta when Dorisiana bonaerensis were not exposed to solar radiation. The slope of the linear regression for " active " animals (closed circles) is significantly different from one, suggesting thermoregulation is occurring with endogenous heat. The slope of the linear regression for " inactive " animals (open circles) is not significantly different from one, suggesting no thermoregulation is occurring when the animals do not generate heat for activity.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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