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FIGURE 5 in Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia)

FIGURE 5. Molecular tree showing the relation of C. corallophila sp. nov. to other Atlantic Cladorhizidae.

FIGURE 4 in Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia)

FIGURE 4. Comparative material of C. abyssicola (A–D) and C. gelida (E–F): A: Section of BMNH 1910.1.1.1372, Hansen collection "type", B–D: Habitus and section of BMNH 1934.2.16.14, E–F: Habitus with close-ups of ZMUC-DEM-31 (Syntype). Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 1 cm, C: 4 mm, D: 1 mm, E: 2 cm, F–G: 1 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia)

FIGURE 3. Spicules of C. corallophila sp. nov. (holotype, SMF 11490): A: Strongyle, B: Mycalostyle, C: Sigma with one bifurcate end, D: Normal sigma, E: Anchorate anisochela, F: Tip of a lateral branch of holotype SMF 11490, G: Tip of a branch of SMF 11489, H: Section with prey inside the tissue, I: Surface-view with prey partly looking out. Scale bars: A, B: 100 µm, C, D: 30 µm, E: 10 µm, F, G: 1 mm (inset of G: 100 µm), H: 500µm, I: 100µm.

FIGURE 2 in Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia)

FIGURE 2. Habitus and skeleton of C. corallophila sp. nov.: A: In situ-picture of sponge with pointed surface filaments (SMF 11410) attached to a live Madrepora oculata colony, copyright T. Lundälv, Sven Lovén Centre, Gotenburg University, B: In situ-picture of sponge with rounded surface filaments, sta. GeoB 14908-1, ROV dive 10, 1740.148'N 1640.6'W, 513 m water depth, Banda Mound Complex, copyright T. Lundälv, Sven Lovén Centre, Gotenburg University, C: Basal part of SaM-ID 1430, encalcified by Lophelia pertusa, D: Holotype SMF 11490 in ethanol, E: Close-up of holotype, F: Section of holotype, G: Close-up of SMF 11489, H: Section thereof. Scale bars: A: 4 cm, B: 2 cm, C: 5 mm, D: 1 cm, E: 5 mm, F: 1 mm, G: 5 mm, H: 1 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Cladorhiza corallophila sp. nov., a new carnivorous sponge (Cladorhizidae, Demospongiae) living in close association with Lophelia pertusa and Madrepora oculata (Scleractinia)

FIGURE 1. Map of the study area off Mauritania with sampling sites (black square). Bathymetry derives from GEBCO (2014).

FIGURE 4 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 4. Cladorhiza mexicana sp. nov. A) preserved holotype and B) holotype in situ before collection.

FIGURE 5 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 5. Cladorhiza mexicana sp. nov. SEM images of spicules including A) tridentate unguiferate anisochelae, B) sigmancistra, C) asymmetrical pseudoamphiasters, D) large styles in three size classes.

FIGURE 3 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 3. Cladorhiza kensmithi sp. nov. holotype SEM images of spicules A) tridentate unguiferate anisochelae, B) sigmancistra, C) strongyles and large styles of three size classes.

FIGURE 6 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 6. Cladorhiza hubbsi sp. nov. A) preserved specimen and SEM images of spicules including B) symmetrical pseudoamphiaster, C) tridentate unguiferate anisochelae, D) large styles in three size classes.

FIGURE 2 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 2. Cladorhiza kensmithi sp. nov. A, B) holotype in situ, C) preserved paratype, D) spermatocysts in apical disc of holotype, E) wide and close images of holotype oocyte swelling.

FIGURE 1 in Three new species of Cladorhiza (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida, Cladorhizidae) from the Northeast Pacific Ocean

FIGURE 1. Map showing locations of collected species, • = ROV collections and observations, ○ = trawl collections.

FIGURE 6 in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 6. In situ images of other specimens. A. Caulophacus (Caulophacus) schulzei, arrowheads indicate 10 cm spaced laser spots. B. Rhabdocalyptu dawsoni, 10 cm spaced laser spots are obvious. C. Staurocalyptus pamelaturnerae, 10 cm spaced laser spots are above the specimen. All images credit: OET/NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries.

FIGURE 4. Farrea cordelli n in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 4. Farrea cordelli n. sp., body. A. In situ video frame grab of the holotype before collection; laser spots 10 cm apart are red spots circled in upper left. B. Closer view of part of the branch collected (upper left in A) showing change from nearly closed gutter at top to closed tube in lower (older) parts of the branch. C. Closer view of a lamellar part of the open lateral projection with tissue in place. D. Cleaned siliceous farreoid, dictyonal framework of an adjacent fragment (SEM). E. The framework in lateral view, dermal side to right. F. Three clavules in place around a dermal pentactin in a whole mount (LM). Photo A credit: OET/NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries.

FIGURE 1 in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 1. Location of Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary (N.M.S.) nested in the Greater Farallones National Marine Sanctuary off northern California, USA.

FIGURE 3. Cladorhiza bathycrinoides spicules, SEM. A. Style 1b in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 3. Cladorhiza bathycrinoides spicules, SEM. A. Style 1b, one complete and magnified ends from the stalk axis. B. Style 2, two complete and magnified ends from the tentacle axis. C. Style 4, one complete and magnified ends from the tentacle subdermis. All styles are at the same scale as in A. D. Four views of anchorate anisochelae from tentacle cover. E. Two sigmas from the stalk cover. at the same scale as D.

FIGURE 5. Farrea cordelli n in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 5. Farrea cordelli n. sp., spicules (all SEM). A. Surface pentactins, whole, and magnified ray ends and spicule center (below). B. Pileate clavules, whole and magnified side and end views of tips. C. Uncinate, whole and enlarged ends. D. Oxyhexaster, whole, rare tuft of six secondary rays and magnified secondary ray. E. Two hemioxyhexasters.

FIGURE 2. Cladorhiza bathycrinoides, body. A in Report of Cladorhiza bathycrinoides Koltun (Demospongiae) from North America and a new species of Farrea (Hexactinellida) among sponges from Cordell Bank, California

FIGURE 2. Cladorhiza bathycrinoides, body. A. Images of both sides of the preserved specimen. B. Closer view of the curled tentacles. C. In situ image of video frame grab before collection. D. Projecting diactins of body surface. E. A tentacle removed from the body and dried for SEM. F. Close view of tentacle surface with dense anisochelae cover (SEM). Photo C credit: OET/ NOAA National Marine Sanctuaries.