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12 results for “Cleaner fish”
Fig. 1 in Turtle cleaners: reef fishes foraging on epibionts of sea turtles in the tropical Southwestern Atlantic, with a summary of this association type
Fig. 1. Reef fishes cleaning sea turtles' hard and soft parts in the Southwestern Atlantic. A porkfish (Anisotremus virginicus) and a group of blue tangs (Acanthurus coeruleus) feed on epibionts on the shell of a moving hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata); a barely visible doctorfish (Acanthurus chirurgus) nibbles at the posterior portion of the turtle's shell, and two blue tangs nibble at the left hind limb (a). Photo by M. Granville. One Zelinda's parrotfish (Scarus zelindae) and three blue tangs feed on algae growth on the shell of a male loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) near a shipwreck; two Spanish hogfishes (Bodianus rufus) also inspect the turtle (b). Photo by Z. Matheus. Four Spanish hogfish inspect and forage on epibionts on the shell of the same loggerhead turtle; one blue tang and one Zelinda's parrotfish also "escort" the slowly moving turtle (c). Photo by Z. Matheus. A green turtle (Chelonia mydas) remain motionless on the bottom, while a Brazilian blenny (Ophioblennius trinitatis) forages on algae growth on the left lateral portion of the shell; a few smallmouth grunts (Haemulon chrysargyreum) also capitalize upon this situation, and nibble at the turtle's shell (d). Photo by C. Sazima. A sergeant major (Abudefduf saxatilis) nibbles at an algae patch on the anterior part of the shell of a posing and hovering green turtle (e). Photo by Z. Matheus. The herbivorous Rocas damselfish (Stegastes rocasensis) nibbles at the right hind limb of a green turtle posing near algae turfs tended by this damselfish (f). Photo by Z. Matheus.
Reinforcement learning theory reveals the cognitive requirements for solving the cleaner fish market task
<p>Learning is an adaptation that allows individuals to respond to environmental stimuli in ways that improve their reproductive outcomes. The degree of sophistication in learning mechanisms potentially explains variation in behavioural responses. Here, we present a model of learning that is inspired by documented intra- and interspecific variation in the performance in a simultaneous two-choice task, the 'biological market task'. The task presents a problem that cleaner fish often face in nature: the decision of choosing between two client types; one that is willing to wait for inspection and one that may leave if ignored. The cleaners' choice hence influences the future availability of clients, i.e. it influences food availability. We show that learning the preference that maximizes food intake requires subjects to represent in their memory different combinations of pairs of client types rather than just individual client types. In addition, subjects need to account for future consequences of actions, either by estimating expected long-term reward or by experiencing a client leaving as a penalty (negative reward). Finally, learning is influenced by the absolute and relative abundance of client types. Thus, cognitive mechanisms and ecological conditions jointly explain intra and interspecific variation in the ability to learn the adaptive response.</p>
Data from: The interplay of satiation and temptation affects cleaner fish foraging behavior and service quality
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Reinforcement learning theory reveals the cognitive requirements for solving the cleaner fish market task
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Data from: Cleaner fish escape salmon farms and hybridize with local wrasse populations
The genetic impact of farmed fish escaping aquaculture is a highly debated issue. However, non-target species, such as cleaner fish used to remove sea lice from farmed fish, are rarely considered. Here we report that wild corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops), which are transported long distances to be used as cleaner fish in salmon farms, escape and hybridize with local populations. Recently, increasing numbers of corkwing wrasse have been reported in Flatanger in Norway, north of its described distribution range, an area heavily relying on import of cleaner fish from Skagerrak. Using genetic markers identified with 2bRAD sequencing, we show that, although the Flatanger population largely is a result of a northwards range expansion, there is also evidence of considerable gene flow from southern populations in Skagerrak and Kattegat. Out of 40 corkwing wrasses sampled in Flatanger, we discovered two individuals with clear southern genotypes, one first generation hybrid, and twelve potential second-generation hybrids. In summary, we provide evidence that corkwing wrasse escape from fish farms and hybridize with local populations at the leading edge of an ongoing range expansion. Although the magnitude and significance of escapees warrants further investigation, these results should be taken in consideration in the use of translocated cleaner fish.
Data from: Mutual visual signalling between the cleaner shrimp Ancylomenes pedersoni and its client fish
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Data from: Cleaner fish escape salmon farms and hybridize with local wrasse populations
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Multiple cleaner species provide simultaneous services to coral reef fish clients
<p>Cleaning symbioses on tropical coral reefs are typically documented between two species: a single client fish and one or more conspecific cleaners. However, multiple Caribbean cleaner species often live sympatrically and have been anecdotally reported to simultaneously clean the same client. The patterns and processes driving these interactions are poorly understood and cleaning interactions involving multiple cleaner species may be subject to different driving forces than those involving a single cleaner species. Here we used remote underwater videography on three reefs in Honduras to record simultaneous cleaning interactions involving Pederson's cleaner shrimp (<i>Ancylomenes pedersoni</i>)<i> </i>and cleaner gobies (<i>Elacatinus </i>spp.). Our multi-year dataset shows cleaner gobies joined 28% of all interactions initiated at <i>A. pedersoni</i> cleaning stations with cleaner gobies residing nearby, and 9% of all cleaning interactions across our study sites. Client body size significantly predicted simultaneous cleaning interactions, with 45% of interactions simultaneous for clients >20cm total body length compared to only 8% for clients <20cm. We also found that simultaneous cleaning interactions were over twice as long as solitary shrimp-only interactions. Moreover, interactions were always initiated by a shrimp with gobies joining simultaneously and we recorded no observations of aggression between the two cleaners. We suggest the possibilities of cooperative and exploitative relationships between the two cleaners.</p>
Data from: Stimulation of dopamine D1 receptor improves learning capacity in cooperating cleaner fish
Accurate contextual decision-making strategies are important in social environments. Specific areas in the brain are tasked to process these complex interactions and generate correct follow-up responses. The dorsolateral and dorsomedial parts of the telencephalon in the teleost fish brain are neural substrates modulated by the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA), and are part of an important neural circuitry that drives animal behaviour from the most basic actions such as learning to search for food, to properly choosing partners and managing decisions based on context. The Indo-Pacific cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus is a highly social teleost fish species with a complex network of interactions with its 'client' reef fish. We asked if changes in DA signalling would affect individual learning ability by presenting cleaner fish two ecologically different tasks that simulated a natural situation requiring accurate decision-making. We demonstrate that there is an involvement of the DA system and D1 receptor pathways on cleaners' natural abilities to learn both tasks. Our results add significantly to the growing literature on the physiological mechanisms that underlie and facilitate the expression of cooperative abilities.
Data from: Stimulation of dopamine D1 receptor improves learning capacity in cooperating cleaner fish
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Multiple cleaner species provide simultaneous services to coral reef fish clients
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Dietary soyasaponin and prebiotics modulate intestinal health and function in the cleaner fish Ballan wrasse (Labrus bergylta)
GEO Series GSE152475. Labrus bergylta. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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