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24 results for “Climate change across seasons experiment”
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Snow and Frost
This dataset contains snow depth and frost depth measurements from the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Samples are collected weekly throughout the winter months. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: microbial biomass and activity at Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots, 2015
This data set includes measurements of microbial biomass and activity measured on the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots in May 2015. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes measurements of microbial biomass and activity. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Fine Root Damage
Root damage, as relative electrolyte leakage, was assessed following winter freeze-thaw cycle experimental treatments in 2014 and 2015 on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). Analysis and results from these data are presented in Sanders-DeMott 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Sanders-DeMott, R., Sorensen, P.O., Reinmann, A.B. et al. Growing season warming and winter freeze–thaw cycles reduce root nitrogen uptake capacity and increase soil solution nitrogen in a northern forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 137, 337–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0422-5
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Root Nitrogen Uptake Capacity
Fine root nitrogen uptake capacity was measured on excised roots prior to experimental treatment in 2013 and throughout the growing seasons of 2014 and 2015 on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). Analysis and results from these data are presented in Sanders-DeMott 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Sanders-DeMott, R., Sorensen, P.O., Reinmann, A.B. et al. Growing season warming and winter freeze–thaw cycles reduce root nitrogen uptake capacity and increase soil solution nitrogen in a northern forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 137, 337–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0422-5
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Soil Solution Resin Available Nitrogen
Resin available soil solution nitrogen was measured during seasonal incubations in 2014 and 2015 on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). Analysis and results from these data are presented in Sanders-DeMott 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. Sanders-DeMott, R., Sorensen, P.O., Reinmann, A.B. et al. Growing season warming and winter freeze–thaw cycles reduce root nitrogen uptake capacity and increase soil solution nitrogen in a northern forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 137, 337–349 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0422-5
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: growth and enzyme activity traits of soil fungi isolated from CCASE in July 2017, grown under a common garden experiment in the laboratory that mimicked CCASE soil temperature treatments
Projections for the northeastern U.S. indicate that mean air temperatures will rise and snowfall will become less frequent, causing more frequent soil freezing. To test fungal responses to these combined chronic and extreme soil temperature changes, we conducted a laboratory-based common garden experiment with soil fungi that had been subjected to different combinations of growing season soil warming, winter soil freeze/thaw cycles, and ambient conditions for four years in the field. We found that fungi originating from field plots experiencing a combination of growing season warming and winter freeze/thaw cycles had inherently lower activity of acid phosphatase, but higher cellulase activity, that could not be reversed in the lab. In addition, fungi quickly adjusted their physiology to freeze/thaw cycles in the laboratory, reducing growth rate and potentially reducing their carbon use efficiency. Our findings suggest that less than four years of new soil temperature conditions in the field can lead to physiological shifts by some soil fungi, as well as irreversible loss or acquisition of extracellular enzyme activity traits by other fungi. These findings could explain field observations of shifting soil carbon and nutrient cycling under simulated climate change. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Tree Growth Data in support of "Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems", Conrad-Rooney et al. PNAS 2025
Data associated with the publication: Conrad-Rooney E, AB Reinmann, PH Templer. Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025. This dataset includes cumulative stem biomass carbon data (from pre-treatment in 2012 until 2022) and annual stem biomass growth rates (not cumulative) for 2015-2022 for the red maple trees at the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil Temperature, Soil Frost, and Snow Depth Data in support of "Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems", Conrad-Rooney et al. PNAS 2025
Data associated with the publication: Conrad-Rooney E, AB Reinmann, PH Templer. Declining Winter Snowpack Offsets Carbon Storage Enhancement from Growing Season Warming in Northern Temperate Forest Ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2025. This dataset includes soil temperature (winter 2021-2022) and snow depth and frost depth (winter 2022-2023) at the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Forest Inventory of the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest
DBH was measured for all trees greater than or equal to 5 cm DBH within Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes tree dbh measurements for 2012. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil and Air Temperature
Soil temperature was measured on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freeze/thaw cycles (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes tree dbh measurements for 2012. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) Sapling Study at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Foliar Nitrogen
Foliar nitrogen concentrations of red maple and sugar maple saplings experiencing combinations of soil warming and winter freeze-thaw cycles were measured during the growing season of 2014 and 2015 as an indicator of plant nitrogen status. There were seven treatments for each species of maple. For each species, ten saplings experienced ambient temperatures (reference), ten experienced growing season warming with no induced freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed), ten in each of four groups experienced warming in the growing season coupled with two, four, six, or eight soil freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed + 2 FTC, warmed + 4 FTC, warmed + 6 FTC, warmed + 8 FTC), and ten experienced snow removal in winter with ambient temperatures in the growing-season (snow removal). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) Sapling Study at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Photosynthesis
Rates of leaf-level photosynthesis of red maple and sugar maple saplings experiencing combinations of soil warming and winter freeze-thaw cycles was measured biweekly on fully expanded, intact leaves from June through August 2014 and June through September 2015 using a LI-6400. There were seven treatments for each species of maple. For each species, ten saplings experienced ambient temperatures (reference), ten experienced growing season warming with no induced freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed), ten in each of four groups experienced warming in the growing season coupled with two, four, six, or eight soil freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed + 2 FTC, warmed + 4 FTC, warmed + 6 FTC, warmed + 8 FTC), and ten experienced snow removal in winter with ambient temperatures in the growing-season (snow removal). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Sap Flow
Sap flow was measured on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; Each soil freeze/thaw cycles includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes sap flow measurements for 2015 and 2017 growing seasons. These sap flow data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Leaf Level Photosynthesis
Leaf-level photosynthesis was measured on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. Reference (or control) plots are shared with the collaborating Northern Forest DroughtNet experiment. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes photosynthesis measurements for 2015 and 2017 growing seasons. These photosynthesis data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Foliar Nitrogen and Natural Abundance Nitrogen Isotopic Composition
Foliar nitrogen and natural abundance stable isotopes of nitrogen in foliage were measured on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14 m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes foliar nitrogen and natural abundance stable isotopes of nitrogen in foliage from 2012 to 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Net Nitrogen Mineralization via Buried Bags
Rates of net nitrogen mineralization were measured on all Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes net nitrogen mineralization data collected in the growing season of 2017. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Branch Xylem Water Isotopic Composition
Natural abundance stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, and deuterium-excess in branch xylem water were measured within the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14 m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes natural abundance stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, and deuterium-excess in branch xylem water from 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Soil Water Isotopic Composition
Natural abundance stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in soil water were measured adjacent to the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) plots. There are six plots total (each 11 x 14 m). Two are warmed 5 degrees C throughout the growing season (Plots 3 and 4). Two others are warmed 5 degrees C in the growing season and have snow removed during winter to induce soil freezing and then warming cables turn on to create thaws; each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72-hours of soil freezing followed by 72-hours of thaw (Plots 5 and 6). Four kilometers (2.5 mi) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Two additional plots serve as controls for our experiment (Plots 1 and 2). This data set includes natural abundance stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen in soil water from 2018. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest; concentrations of foliar metabolites: polyamines, amino acids, chlorophyll, carotenoids, soluble proteins, soluble elements, sugars, and total nitrogen and carbon in red maple (Acer rubrum) trees.
Foliage was collected in 2015 and 2017 from red maple trees at the Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). Analyses of foliar metabolites include polyamines, amino acids, chlorophylls, carotenoids, soluble proteins, soluble inorganic elements, sugars, and total nitrogen and carbon. There are six (11 x 14m) plots in total in this study; two control (plots 1 and 2), two warmed 5 degrees (°) Celsius (C) above ambient throughout the growing season (plots 3 and 4), and two warmed 5 °C in the growing season, with snow removal during the winter to induce soil freezing and then warmed with buried heating cables to create a subsequent thaw (plots 5 and 6). Each soil freeze/thaw cycle includes 72 hours of soil freezing followed by 72 hours of thaw. Four kilometers (km) of heating cable are buried in the soil to warm these four plots. Together, these treatments led to warmer growing season soil temperatures and an increased frequency of soil freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) in winter. Our goal was to determine how these changes in soil temperature affect foliar nitrogen (N) and carbon metabolism of red maple trees. These data were gathered as a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Climate Change Across Seasons Experiment (CCASE) Sapling Study at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest: Root Damage
Root damage, as relative electrolyte leakage, was assessed following winter freeze-thaw cycle experimental treatments in 2014 and 2015. There were seven treatments for each species of maple. For each species, ten saplings experienced ambient temperatures (reference), ten experienced growing season warming with no induced freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed), ten in each of four groups experienced warming in the growing season coupled with two, four, six, or eight soil freeze-thaw cycles in winter (warmed + 2 FTC, warmed + 4 FTC, warmed + 6 FTC, warmed + 8 FTC), and ten experienced snow removal in winter with ambient temperatures in the growing-season (snow removal). These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
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