Find research datasets worth reusing

Figure 11 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 11. Relative frequencies of shells showing a rudimentary or developed transverse lamella as a function of shell length.

Figures 6–9 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figures 6–9. Scanning electron micrographs of protoconchs of Plagiodontes patagonicus from southern Buenos Aires province, Argentina. (6) Young typical specimen from Bahía Blanca (i.e. typical P. patagonicus). (7) Adult, eroded shell from Bahía Blanca. (8) Young specimen from the Ventania Mountains (i.e. P. magnus). (9) Adult shell from the Ventania Mountains.

Figure 5 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 5. Scatter plot showing the mean shell size and standard deviation of Plagiodontes patagonicus as a function of land altitude. Values showing the same lower-case letter are not significantly different from each other (least significant difference and Bonferroni's tests).

Figure 3 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 3. Scatter plot of the scores of the first (PC1) and second (PC2) principal components for shells of Plagiodontes snails from southern Buenos Aires province. Bahía Blanca and Ventania Mountains are the typical localities of P. patagonicus and P. magnus, respectively.

Figure 10 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 10. Proportions of shells showing 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 lower palatal teeth as a function of shell length.

Figure 2 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 2. Plagiodontes shells from three localities in southern Buenos Aires province. (1, 2) Shells from Bahía Blanca vicinities (i.e. typical P. patagonicus); (3, 4) shells from Carrindanga way, km 50 (i.e. an intermediate place between the type localities of P. patagonicus and P. magnus); (5, 6) shells from the Ventania Mountain System (i.e. typical P. magnus).

Figure 1 in Intraspecific clinal variation in Plagiodontes patagonicus (Gastropoda: Orthalicidae, Odontostominae), an endemic species from Argentina

Figure 1. Sampling area. Black triangles: localities for shell morphometry; open triangles: localities for internal anatomy.

publicNov 2023View details →

dryad40/100

Data from: Herbivores disrupt clinal variation in plant responses to water limitation

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-zeroJun 2022View details →

Extensive population-level sampling reveals clinal variation in (R)-(-)-linalool produced by the flowers of an endemic evening primrose, Oenothera harringtonii

<div></div> <div> <div> The study of floral trait diversity has a long history due to its role in angiosperm diversification. While many studies have focused on visual traits including morphology and color, few have included floral scent despite its importance in pollination. Of the studies that have included floral scent, sampling has been limited and rarely explores variation at the population level. We studied geographic variation in the flowers of Oenothera harringtonii, a rare plant endemic to a vulnerable shortgrass prairie habitat, whose population structure and conservation status are well studied. The self-incompatible flowers of O. harringtonii open at dusk, produce nectar and a strong fragrance, and are pollinated by hawkmoths. We collected floral trait (morphology, scent chemistry and emission rates) data from 650 individuals from 19 wild populations to survey floral variation across the entire range of this species. Similarly, we collected floral data from 49 individuals grown in a greenhouse common garden, to assess whether variation observed in the field is consistent when environment factors (temperature, watering regime, soil) are standardized. We identified 35 floral volatiles representing 5 biosynthetic classes. Population differentiation was stronger for floral scent chemistry than floral morphology. (R)-(−)-linalool was the most important floral trait differentiating populations, exhibiting clinal variation across the distribution of O. harringtonii without any correlated shifts in floral morphology. Populations in the north and west produced (R)-(−)-linalool consistently, those in the east and south largely lacked it, and populations at the center of the distribution were polymorphic. Floral scent emissions in wild populations varied across four years but chemical composition was largely consistent over time. Similarly, volatile emission rates and chemical composition in greenhouse-grown plants were consistent with those of wild populations of origin. Our data set, which represents the most extensive population-level survey of floral scent to date, indicates that such sampling may be needed to capture potentially adaptive geographic variation in wild populations. </div> </div>

opencc-zeroMay 2024View details →

Clinal variation in quantitative traits but not in evolutionary potential along elevational and latitudinal gradients in the widespread Anthyllis vulneraria

Premise of the study Strong elevational and latitudinal gradients allow the study of genetic differentiation in response to similar environmental changes. However, it is uncertain whether the environmental changes along the two types of gradients result in similar genetically based changes in quantitative traits. Peripheral arctic and alpine populations are thought to have a lower evolutionary potential than more central ones. Methods We studied quantitative traits of the widespread Anthyllis vulneraria in a common garden. Plants originated from 20 populations along a 2000 m elevational gradient from the lowlands to the elevational limit of the species in the Alps, and from 20 populations along a 2400 km latitudinal gradient from the centre of the distribution of the species in Central Europe to its northern distributional margin. Key results Several traits showed similar clinal variation with elevation and latitude of origin. Higher QST-values than FST-values in some traits indicated divergent selection. The same traits were subject to strongly diversifying selection among populations (high QST) and strong stabilising selection within populations (low evolvability). Genetic diversity of most quantitative traits and neutral molecular markers was only weakly correlated. Plasticity in response to benign conditions declined with both increasing elevation and latitude of origin, but the evolvability of most traits did not. Conclusions The clinal variation suggests adaptive differentiation of quantitative traits along the two gradients. Our results indicate that the evolutionary potential of peripheral populations is not necessarily reduced. However, lower plasticity may threaten their survival under rapidly changing climatic conditions.

zenodo36/100

Clinal variation in putative PAL/PTAL genes in Norway spruce

Exome capture data of the 1654 trees involved in the detection of variation in putative PAL/PTAL genes in Norway spruce: pal_ptal_genes.vcf - Vcf file including the variations from the putative PAL/PTAL genes from the 1654 trees included in the six Norway spruce populations (S1-S6) from different latitudes across Sweden. Missense and synonymous variations in coding regions of PabPAL2, PabPTAL1 and PabPTAL3 followed a latitudinal cline in allele and genotype frequencies.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2024View details →

publicJun 2022View details →

Extensive population-level sampling reveals clinal variation in (R)-(-)-linalool produced by the flowers of an endemic evening primrose, Oenothera harringtonii

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

publicMay 2024View details →

Clinal variation in quantitative traits but not in evolutionary potential along elevational and latitudinal gradients in the widespread Anthyllis vulneraria

Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

Data from: Multiple parapatric pollinators have radiated across a continental fig tree displaying clinal genetic variation

The ways that plant-feeding insects have diversified is central to our understanding of terrestrial ecosystems. Obligate nursery pollination mutualisms provide highly relevant model systems of how plants and their insect associates have diversified and the over 800 species of fig trees (Ficus) allow comparative studies. Fig trees can have one or more pollinating fig wasp species (Agaonidae) that breed within their figs, but factors influencing their number remain to be established. In some widely distributed fig trees, the plants form populations isolated by large swathes of sea, and the different populations are pollinated by different wasp species. Other Ficus species with continuous distributions may present genetic signatures of isolation by distance, suggesting more limited pollinator dispersal, which may also facilitate pollinator speciation. We tested the hypothesis that Ficus hirta, a species for which preliminary data showed genetic isolation by distance, would support numerous pollinator species across its range. Our results show that across its range Ficus hirta displays clinal genetic variation and is pollinated by nine parapatric species of Valisia. This is the highest number of pollinators reported to date for any Ficus species and it is the first demonstration of the occurrence of parapatric pollinator species on a fig host displaying continuous genetic structure. Future comparative studies across Ficus species should be able to establish the plant traits that have driven the evolution of pollinator dispersal behaviour, pollinator speciation and host plant spatial genetic structure.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

Data from: Altitudinal clinal variation in wing form in African Drosophila melanogaster: one cline or many?

Geographical patterns of morphological variation have been useful in addressing hypotheses about environmental adaptation. In particular, latitudinal clines in phenotypes have been studied in a number of Drosophila species. Some environmental conditions along latitudinal clines—for example, temperature—also vary along altitudinal clines, but these have been studied infrequently and it remains unclear whether these environmental factors are similar enough for convergence or parallel evolution. Most clinal studies in Drosophila have dealt exclusively with univariate phenotypes, allowing for the detection of clinal relationships, but not for estimating the directions of covariation between them. We measured variation in wing shape and size in D. melanogaster derived from populations at varying altitudes and latitudes across sub-Saharan Africa. Geometric morphometrics allows us to compare shape changes associated with latitude and altitude, and manipulating rearing temperature allows us to quantify the extent to which thermal plasticity recapitulates clinal effects. Comparing effect vectors demonstrates that altitude, latitude, and temperature are only partly associated, and that the altitudinal shape effect may differ between Eastern and Western Africa. Our results suggest that selection responsible for these phenotypic clines may be more complex than just thermal adaptation.

opencc-zeroApr 2020View details →

Intraspecific variation of Phragmites australis: Clinal adaption of functional traits and phenotypic plasticity vary with latitude of origin

1. Widespread plant species generally have high intraspecific variation in functional traits, which is reflected in their great variety of phenotypes. This variety can result from both genetic differences due to local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. With high intraspecific variation and nearly global distribution, the common reed Phragmites australis is a suitable model species for studying the underlying mechanisms of intraspecific trait variation. 2. In this study, 71 genotypes of P. australis from seven phylogeographic groups were transplanted into two replicate common gardens located in very different climates: northern Europe and mid-east Asia. We measured seven functional traits of all these genotypes over the growing season, including shoot height, maximum biomass per shoot, shoot density, node number per stem, leaf lifespan, flowering occurrence and flowering date. Our aim was to assess the relative effects of genetic (phylogeographic origin) and environmental (common garden) status, and interactions between them, on intraspecific variation in functional traits of P. australis. 3. We found common garden having the strongest influence on most functional traits studied. All traits except flowering occurrence varied significantly across gardens, revealing the important role of phenotypic plasticity on trait variation of P. australis. We also found significant differences in trait variation among the different phylogeographic groups of P. australis and, thus, evidence for genetically determined intraspecific variation in the morphological and life-history traits addressed in this study. All functional traits showed significant (p≤0.0054), albeit minor to moderately explained (R2 ≤0.57), latitudinal patterns in both gardens. Covariation of multiple traits was similar in the two gardens. Phenotypic plasticity was trait-specific, and the plasticity of shoot height and maximum biomass per shoot increased towards higher latitude of genotypic origin. Our results indicate that the latitude of origin affects the evolution of functional traits, as well as their phenotypic plasticity. 4. Since phenotypic plasticity is a crucial mechanism for acclimation and evolution, our findings support the role of gene-based adaptive phenotypic plasticity in plant evolution. The intraspecific spatial variation of functional traits and their phenotypic plasticity can help predict species distribution, persistence and invasion under global climate change.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Solidago altissima differs with respect to ploidy frequency and clinal variation across the prairie-forest biome border in Minnesota

PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Although our awareness of ploidy diversity has expanded with the application of flow cytometry, we still know little about the extent to which cytotypes within mixed-ploidy populations are genetically differentiated across environmental gradients. METHODS: To address this issue, we reared 14 populations of Solidago altissima spanning the prairie–forest ecotone in Minnesota in a common garden with a watering treatment. We assessed ploidy frequencies and measured survival, flowering phenology, and plant architectural traits for 4 years. KEY RESULTS: All populations harbored multiple cytotypes; prairie populations were dominated by tetraploids, forest populations by hexaploids. Diploids and polyploids differed significantly for 84% of the traits. Beyond average differences, the slope of trait values covaried with latitude and longitude, but this relationship was stronger for diploids than the other two polyploid cytotypes as indicated by numerous ploidy × latitude and ploidy × longitude interactions. For example, the timing of flowering of the cytotypes overlapped in populations sampled from the northeastern hemiboreal forest but differed significantly between cytotypes sampled from populations in the southwestern prairie. The watering treatments had weak effects, and there were no ploidy differences for phenotypic plasticity. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that diploids have diverged genetically to a greater extent than polyploids along the environmental clines sampled in this study. Moreover, different environments favor phenotypic convergence over divergence among cytotypes for some traits. Differences in ploidy frequency and phenotypic divergence among cytotypes across gradients of temperature and precipitation are important considerations for restoration in an age of climate change.