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32 results for “Cliona”
Effects of ocean acidification on the interaction between calcifying oysters (Ostrea chilensis) and bioeroding sponges (Cliona sp.)
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FIGURE 3 in Cliona minuscula, sp. nov. (Hadromerida: Clionaidae) and other bioeroding sponges that only contain tylostyles
FIGURE 3. Cliona minuscula, sp. nov. tylostyles of QM G322595. A–B—Tylostyles mostly have straight shafts and oval to dropshaped tyles that are slightly longer than wide. C–D—Occasionally, tylostyles have more spherical tyles with distinct neck areas.
FIGURE 1 in Cliona minuscula, sp. nov. (Hadromerida: Clionaidae) and other bioeroding sponges that only contain tylostyles
FIGURE 1. Sample location of Cliona minuscula, sp. nov. (arrow). HIRS—Heron Island Research Station, LPB—Little Pioneer Bay, PB—Pioneer Bay, QLD—Queensland.
FIGURE 3 in Cliona acephala (Porifera: Demospongiae: Clionaida), a new encrusting excavating reef sponge from the Colombian Caribbean belonging to the Cliona viridis species complex
FIGURE 3. Ground and polished histological sections of the holotype of Cliona acephala n. sp. (A) portion of the ectosome and coral skeleton in an osculum showing sponge tissue with aquiferous canals and excavating chambers in the coral skeleton. (B) Enlargement of the ectosome showing ascending plumose spicule tracts. (C) Excavated chamber filled with tissue, spicules and eggs, and with with characteristic erosion scars on the walls.
FIGURE 2 in Cliona acephala (Porifera: Demospongiae: Clionaida), a new encrusting excavating reef sponge from the Colombian Caribbean belonging to the Cliona viridis species complex
FIGURE 2. Spicules of Cliona acephala n. sp. (A) Tylostyles. (B) Enlargement of heads and tip. (C) SEM enlargement of heads and tip.
FIGURE 4 in Cliona acephala (Porifera: Demospongiae: Clionaida), a new encrusting excavating reef sponge from the Colombian Caribbean belonging to the Cliona viridis species complex
FIGURE 4. Size of tylostyles (width by length) of three specimens of Cliona acephala n. sp. from Santa Marta compared to those of a specimen of C. orientalis (INV-POR 658) from Heron Island, Australia. Data represent specimen means ±1 standard deviation of 25 tylostyles. Hol=holotype; Par=paratype.
FIGURE 1 in Cliona acephala (Porifera: Demospongiae: Clionaida), a new encrusting excavating reef sponge from the Colombian Caribbean belonging to the Cliona viridis species complex
FIGURE 1. Underwater photographs of Cliona acephala n. sp. (A) Bahía de Santa Marta, Morro, 10 July 1987, 15 m. (B) Morro, 10 Jan 1994, 5 m. (C) Ensenada Granate, 12 m, 23 June 2005. (D) Bahía de Santa Marta, Punta de Betín, 25 June 2002, 12 m.
FIGURE 2. Cliona amplicavata bioerosion. A in Excavating sponges from the Pacific of Central America, descriptions and a faunistic record
FIGURE 2. Cliona amplicavata bioerosion. A) Chamber of excavation (arrow) and B) sponge scars in form of wall pitting of the erosion chambers.
Figure A1 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure A1. Daily growth rate (linear extension) of Cliona tenuis during the three observational periods described in this manuscript and under constant competition with Lobophora variegata, Dictyota pulchella, coral, and short and long turf algae (more details of the methodology are explained in the methods section of this manuscript and in González-Rivero et al. 2012). Error bars depict standard error.
Figure 8 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 8. Size structure of Cliona tenuis populations at: (A) Long Caye Wall and (B) Middle Caye Wall.
Figure 7 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 7. Temporal variation in recruitment (individuals.plot−1) among periods of evaluation and between study sites. Vertical bars depict standard error.
Figure 5 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 5. Linear growth of Cliona tenuis measured during the studied period. The timeline is represented as ordinal dates in days of the year. Data points out of the 5th and 95th confidence intervals (bars) are represented by dots, and box indicates the interquartile range. The solid line inside the box represents the median, whereas the dotted line represents the mean.
Figure 3 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 3. Female reproductive elements in Cliona tenuis. (A) Immature oocyte in April 2009; (B) sparse distribution of immature oocytes in the tissue; (C) mature oocyte showing a distinctive nucleolus and nucleus, and the absence of nurse cells; (D) oocyte distribution and abundance in February 2009.
Figure 1 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 1. Temporal variation of attributes describing the reproductive cycle in Cliona tenuis. (A) Proportion of reproductive sponges (bars) and the total number of individuals sampled (circles); (B) mean propagule size over time; the circles show the number of propagules measured; (C) density of propagules over time. Error bars depict standard error.
Figure 9 in Life-history traits of a common Caribbean coral-excavating sponge, Cliona tenuis (Porifera: Hadromerida)
Figure 9. Seasonal change in sea surface temperature (SST) at the study site over time (ordinal date in days of the year): average temperature over 24 years (grey band) and during the 2009 study year (filled dots). Source: AVHRR pathfinder, NOAA.
FIGURE 5 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)
FIGURE 5. Microscleres from Cliona orientalis, Cervicornia cuspidifera, and C. varians. A. C. orientalis spiraster; B. Cervicornia cuspidifera spiraster; C. Cliona varians (encrusting) spiraster; D. Cliona varians (encrusting) anthosigma; E. Cliona varians (encrusting) diplaster; F. Cliona varians (massive) spiraster; G. Cliona varians (massive) anthosigma; H. Cliona varians (massive) diplaster. Scales: A, C–D, F, 5 µm; B, G, 2 µm; E, H, 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)
FIGURE 2. Camera lucida drawing of thin section of Cliona tumula sp. nov. showing embedded calcareous fragments (in bold) in the choanosome (scale = 1 mm). Inset: choanosome of ethanol preserved specimen highlighting tracts of sediment that the sponge incorporates in its mesohyl. The tracts run perpendicular to the ectosome.
FIGURE 3 in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)
FIGURE 3. Micrographs of calcium carbonate fragments extracted from Cliona tumula sp. nov. choanosome tissue. A. Mollusc shell with clear evidence of sponge bioerosion (scale = 200 µm); B. Evidence of cellular etching and calcareous chip removal by C. tumula sp. nov. (scale = 100 µm); C–D. Unidentified calcareous fragments found in the choanosome that are clearly derived from calcareous tests of organisms on the reef. That is, the material is not remnant skeleton from a scleractinian coral that this species out-grew as can be found with some gamma-stage clionaids (scale = 200 µm).
FIGURE 1. A in Cliona tumula sp. nov., a conspicuous, massive Symbiodinium-bearing clionaid from the lower Florida Keys (USA) (Demospongiae: Hadromerida: Clionaidae)
FIGURE 1. A. In situ photograph of Cliona tumula sp. nov. B. Preserved holotype (scale = 10 cm); C. Micrograph of representative subtylostyle from C. tumula sp. nov. (scale = 100 µm); D-G. Micrographs of variability in C. tumula sp. nov. tylostyle head shapes (scale = 10 µm); H–K. Micrographs of C. tumula sp. nov. spirasters (scale = 5 µm).
FIGURE 15. Cliona aprica Pang, 1973 in An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs
FIGURE 15. Cliona aprica Pang, 1973 (CNPGG-2298), spicules: A. tylostyles; B. tylostyles in detail; C. tylostyle with a polytylote base; arrows pointing to spirasters D. tylostyle, small and very thin; E. spiraster. Scale bars: A = 100 µm; B = 50 µm; C–E = 10 µm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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