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5 results for “Coastal SEES”
Coastal SEES Collaborative Research: Coastal Sustainability: A cross-site comparison of salt marsh persistence in response to sea-level rise and feedbacks from social adaptations
Coastal ecosystems are often valued for decision-making purposes based on monetized market and non-market values of goods and services, and associated economic impacts. Examples include values of fishery landings, price changes for waterfront homes, and tourism revenues. Monetized quantities such as these do not provide a comprehensive characterization of the values provided by these ecosystems. Human reliance on the goods and services provided by ecosystems and the global decline in the health of many of these ecosystems suggests the need for ecosystem valuation to help inform decision-making and conservation policy. However, traditionally employed economic valuation methods are rarely able to capture the full scope of the benefits ecosystems provide, including benefits provided by "cultural" ecosystem services. Qualitative methods such as focus groups can provide insight on these values not available through quantitative methods alone. This research explores public perceptions of salt marsh value through the use of semi-structured focus groups in marsh-adjacent communities in Massachusetts, Virginia, and Georgia. The data include de-identified focus group transcripts from three 90-minute focus groups held in each state. Initial questions were drawn from the same semi-structured question list in each focus group, with exploratory follow-up questions based on participant responses. Results of text analysis suggest that in case study communities, outdoor experiences in salt marshes inspire serenity in Massachusetts, influence shore identities in Virginia, and promote stewardship cultivation in Georgia. Perceived threats to these benefits, such as the threat of residential development, industrial pollution, and increasing flood risk, together constitute the context for various community responses related to marsh protection. Results supplement information from extant economic valuations and show the importance of utilizing diverse methods to elicit information on soci
What Darwin couldn't see: Island formation and historical sea levels shape genetic divergence and island biogeography in a coastal marine species
<p>Oceanic islands play a central role in the study of evolution and island biogeography. The Galapagos Islands are one of the most studied oceanic archipelagos but research has almost exclusively focused on terrestrial organisms compared to marine species. Here we used the Galapagos bullhead shark (<em>Heterodontus quoyi</em>) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to examine evolutionary processes and their consequences for genetic divergence and island biogeography in a shallow-water marine species without larval dispersal. The sequential separation of individual islands from a central island cluster gradually established different ocean depths between islands that pose barriers to dispersal in <em>H. quoyi</em>. Isolation-by-resistance analysis suggested that ocean bathymetry and historical sea level fluctuations modified genetic connectivity. These processes resulted in at least three genetic clusters that exhibit low genetic diversity and effective population sizes that scale with island size and the level of geographic isolation. Our results exemplify that island formation and climatic cycles shape genetic divergence and biogeography of coastal marine organisms with limited dispersal comparable to terrestrial taxa. Because similar scenarios exist in oceanic islands around the globe our research provides a new perspective on marine evolution and biogeography with implications for the conservation of island biodiversity.</p>
"I am a journalist myself, working for a public radio and television in the Netherlands. As a radio reporter Ivisited Bangladesh just after the cyclone Sidr hit the coastal area in November 1997 (…) Itravelled to the islands on a boat. On that boat were two boatmen and one of them started singing while we were sailing. As Igeotagged this song you can see exactly where it was. Iwas staying at that time in Pirojpur, took a taxi to the river and got a boat. Along tall typical motorboat. It was a journey of three-quarters of an hour during which he sang two songs." [Jeroen/zeshoog]12 in Collecting Sounds. Online Sharing of Field Recordings as Cultural Practice
"I am a journalist myself, working for a public radio and television in the Netherlands. As a radio reporter Ivisited Bangladesh just after the cyclone Sidr hit the coastal area in November 1997 (…) Itravelled to the islands on a boat. On that boat were two boatmen and one of them started singing while we were sailing. As Igeotagged this song you can see exactly where it was. Iwas staying at that time in Pirojpur, took a taxi to the river and got a boat. Along tall typical motorboat. It was a journey of three-quarters of an hour during which he sang two songs." [Jeroen/zeshoog]12
What Darwin couldn't see: Island formation and historical sea levels shape genetic divergence and island biogeography in a coastal marine species
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Coastal SEES Collaborative Research: Non-Market Value Meta-Data on Willingness to Pay for Coastal Marsh Habitat Change
These data represent a meta-dataset of observations on per household economic value - represented by per household willingness-to-pay (WTP) - for improvements in coastal marsh habitat, drawn from stated-preference studies in the research literature. The metadata allow estimation of benefit transfer functions via meta-regression modeling. Within these econometric functions, the dependent variable is a comparable estimate of economic value (e.g., WTP) drawn from extant primary valuation studies. Independent variables represent observable factors hypothesized to explain variation in this value measure across observations. These functions can be used to produce out-of-sample predictions of WTP for coastal marsh habitat improvements at sites for which no primary valuation studies have been conducted. They can also be used to understand the factors associated with systematic variations in marsh habitat values across different sites and studies. These data are described in Vedogbeton, H. and R.J. Johnston. 2020. Commodity Consistent Meta-Analysis of Wetland Values: An Illustration for Coastal Marsh Habitat. Environmental and Resource Economics 75(4), 835-865, and allow replication of the results presented therein. The metadata are extracted from primary studies that estimate total (use and nonuse) per household WTP for changes in the quantity or quality of coastal marsh wildlife habitats or their services, in US and Canada. These studies were identified via a systematic review of the literature. The metadata combine information provided by these primary non-market valuation studies with publicly available external data extracted from sources such as the US Census, US National Historical GIS (https://www.nhgis.org/), and US Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory (https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Mapper.html). Studies included in the metadata are restricted to those that estimate total per household WTP for coastal wetland habitat changes using generally acce
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