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348 results for “Cognitive performance”
Background music and cognitive task performance: systematic review dataset
<p>This repository contains the raw data used for a systematic review of the impact of background music on cognitive task performance (Cheah et al., 2022). Our intention is to facilitate future updates to this work.</p><p><strong>Contents description</strong></p><p>This repository contains eight Microsoft Excel files, each containing the synthesised data pertaining to each of the six cognitive domains analysed in the review, as well as task difficulty, and population characteristics:</p><ul><li><i>raw-data-attention</i></li><li><i>raw-data-inhibition</i></li><li><i>raw-data-language</i></li><li><i>raw-data-memory</i></li><li><i>raw-data-thinking</i></li><li><i>raw-data-processing-speed</i></li><li><i>raw-data-task-difficulty</i></li><li><i>raw-data--population</i></li></ul><p><strong>Files description</strong></p><p><i>Tabs organisation</i></p><p>The files pertaining to each cognitive domain include individual tabs for each cognitive task analysed (c.f. Figure 2 in the original paper for the list of cognitive tasks). The file with the population characteristics data also contains separate tabs for each characteristic (extraversion, music training, gender, and working memory capacity).</p><p><i>Tabs contents</i></p><p>In all files and tabs, each row corresponds to the data of a test. The same article can have more than one row if it reports multiple tests. For instance, the study by Cassidy and MacDonald (2007; cf. <i>Memory.xlsx</i>, tab: <i>Memory-all</i>) contains two experiments (immediate and delayed free recall) each with multiple test (immediate free recall: tests 25 – 32; delayed free recall: tests 58 – 61). Each test (one per row), in this experiment, pertains to comparisons between conditions where the background music has different levels of arousal, between groups of participants with different extraversion levels, between different tasks material (words or paragraphs) and different combinations of the previous (e.g., high arousing music vs silence test among extraverts whilst completing an immediate free recall task involving paragraphs; cf. test 30).</p><p>The columns are organised as follows:</p><ul><li>"TESTS": the index of the test in a particular tab (for easy reference);</li><li>"ID": abbreviation of the cognitive tasks involved in a specific experiment (see glossary for meaning);</li><li>"REFERENCE": the article where the data was taken from (see main publications for list of articles);</li><li>"CONDITIONS": an abbreviated description of the music condition of a given test;</li><li>"MEANS (music)": the average performance across all participants in a given experiment with background music;</li><li>"MEANS (silence)": the average performance across all participants in a given experiment without background music.</li></ul><p>Then, in horizontal arrangement, we also include groups of two columns that breakdown specific comparisons related to each test (i.e., all tests comparing the same two types of condition, e.g., L-BgM vs I-BgM, will appear under the same set of columns). For each one, we indicate mean difference between the respective conditions ("MD" column) and the direction of effect ("Standard Metric" column). Each file also contains a "Glossary" tab that explains all the abbreviations used in each document.</p><p><strong>Bibliography</strong></p><p>Cheah, Y., Wong, H. K., Spitzer, M., & Coutinho, E. (2022). Background music and cognitive task performance: A systematic review of task, music and population impact. <i>Music & Science, 5</i>(1), 1-38. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735699272005">https://doi.org/10.1177/20592043221134392</a></p>
Dataset: "Traffic Noise at Moderate Levels Affects Cognitive Performance: Do Distance-Induced Temporal Changes Matter?"
<p>This repository contains the dataset presented in "Traffic Noise at Moderate Levels Affects Cognitive Performance: Do Distance-Induced Temporal Changes Matter?" (https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20053798) as well as the SPSS syntax used for the statistical evaluation. Additionally, calibrated binaural recordings of the evaluated stimuli are provided as 32 bit .wav files, the values stored in those files correspond to pascals.</p>
Heritability of cognitive performance in wild Western Australian magpies
<p>Individual differences in cognitive performance can have genetic, social and environmental components. Most research on the heritability of cognitive traits comes from humans or captive non-human animals, whilst less attention has been given to wild populations. Western Australian magpies (<em>Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis</em>, hereafter magpies) show phenotypic variation in cognitive performance, which affects reproductive success. Despite high levels of individual repeatability, we do not know whether cognitive performance is heritable in this species. Here, we quantify broad-sense heritability of associative learning ability in a wild population of Western Australian magpies. Specifically, we explore whether offspring associative learning performance is predicted by maternal associative learning performance, or by the social environment (group size) when tested at three time points during the first year of life. We found no significant relationship between maternal and offspring associative learning performance, with an estimated broad-sense heritability of just -0.004 ± 0.024 (CI: -0.050/0.044). However, complementing previous findings, we find that at 300 days post-fledging, individuals raised in larger groups passed the test in fewer trials compared to individuals from small groups. Our results highlight the pivotal influence of the social environment on cognitive development.</p>
Data from: Aggressive interactions influence cognitive performance in Western Australian magpies
<p>Extensive research has investigated the relationship between the social environment and cognition, suggesting that social complexity may drive cognitive evolution and development. However, evidence for this relationship remains equivocal. Group size is often used as a measure of social complexity, but this may not capture intraspecific variation in social interactions. Social network analysis can provide insight into the cognitively demanding challenges associated with group-living at the individual-level. Here, we use social networks to investigate whether the cognitive performance of wild Western Australian magpies (<em>Gymnorhina tibicen dorsalis</em>) is related to group size and individual social connectedness. We quantified social connectedness using four interaction types: proximity, affiliative, agonistic, and vocal. Consistent with previous research on this species, individuals in larger groups performed better on an associative learning task. However, social network position was also related to cognitive performance. Individuals receiving aggressive interactions performed better, while those involved in aggressive interactions with more group members performed worse. Overall, this suggests that cognitive performance is related to specific types of social interaction. The findings from this study highlight the value of considering fine-grained metrics of sociality that capture the challenges associated with social life when testing the relationship between the social environment and cognition.</p>
Dataset: Cognition Therapeutics, Inc. (CGTX) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
BRAIN Journal-Brain signal analysis using EEG and Entropy to study the effect of physical and mental tasks on cognitive performance-Figure 2. Energy-VAS subjective measures for the participants (n=12) under two conditions (control and exercise involved cognitive task).
<p>As shown in Figure 2, it was found that there was a statistically significant interaction in the<br> percentage of mental fatigue between the condition type and time-on-task factor times (F(6, 22) =<br> 492.19, p < 0.001) as well as there was a significant main effect of time-on-task (time5 to time30)<br> (F(5, 22) = 463.794, p < 0.001). In addition, there was also a significant main effect in the condition type (F (1, 22) = 713.133, p < 0.001) which represented a large effect size. For the physical fatigue<br> subjective measure, there was a significant difference between the two experimental conditions (p <<br> 0.001), and within the subject test times (p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference<br> between the means of the concentration visual analogue scale for these two experimental conditions<br> (p = 0.057) despite a significant difference (p < 0.001) in the time-on-task repeated measures.</p>
BRAIN Journal-Brain signal analysis using EEG and Entropy to study the effect of physical and mental tasks on cognitive performance-Figure 1. The 10-20 international system electrode placement showing the EEG electrode placement
<p>For the EEG analysis, the average power in the theta band (4 – 8 Hz), and alpha band (8 – 12<br> Hz) were computed at the frontal and parietal electrodes Fz and Pz respectively. Next, the ratio of<br> these two powers was determined, and named the ‘cognitive ratio’ as several researchers found that<br> the fronto-parietal network play important roles in cognitive activities.</p>
Data - The Benefits of Neurofeedback Training for Alpha Enhancement and Cognitive Performance - a Single-Blind, Sham-Feedback Study Using a Low-Prized EEG Device
<p>This data set includes the minimal data set, which was used to obtain the results in Naas, Rodrigues, Knirsch, & Sonderegger (2019, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/527598).</p>
EWAS associations between DNAm and general cognitive score, perceptive performance score, and verbal score
<p><strong><span>Evaluating the association between placenta DNA methylation and cognitive functions in the offspring </span></strong></p> <p><a name="_Hlk141095040"></a><span>Placenta plays a crucial role protecting the foetus from environmental harm and supports the development of its brain. In fact, compromised placental function could predispose an individual to neurodevelopmental disorders</span><span><span>. Placental epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, could be considered a proxy of placental function and thus plausible mediators of the association between intrauterine environmental exposures and genetics, and childhood and adult mental health. Although neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder have been investigated in relation to placenta DNA methylation, no studies have addressed the association between placenta DNA methylation and child’s cognitive functions. </span><span>Thus, our goal here was to investigate whether placental DNA methylation profile measured using the Illumina EPIC array is associated with three different cognitive domains (namely verbal score, perceptive performance score, and general cognitive score) assessed by the McCarthy Scales of Children’s functions in childhood at age 4. To this end, we conducted epigenome-wide association analyses including data from 255 mother-child pairs within the INMA project and performed a follow-up functional analysis to help the interpretation of the findings. After multiple-testing correction, we found that methylation at 4 CpGs (cg1548200, cg02986379, cg00866476 and cg14113931) was significantly associated with the general cognitive score, and 2 distinct differentially methylated regions (DMRs) (including 27 CpGs) were significantly associated with each cognitive dimension. <a name="_Hlk168395284"></a><a name="_Hlk168394861"></a><span>Interestingly, the genes annotated to these CpGs, <span>such as <em>DAB2, CEP76</em>, <em>PSMG2,</em> or <em>MECOM,</em> </span>are involved in placenta, foetal, and brain development</span><span>. </span>Moreover, functional enrichment analyses of suggestive CpGs (<em>p</em><1x10<sup>-4</sup>) revealed gene-sets involved in placenta development, foetus formation and brain growth. These findings suggest that placental DNAm could be a mechanism contributing to the alteration of important pathways in the placenta that have a consequence on the offspring’s brain development and cognitive function. </span></span></p>
An Exploratory Study on the Effect of Virtual Environments on Cognitive Performances and Psychophysiological Responses
<p>This is the dataset of the following study: </p> <p>Frigione, I., Massetti, G., Girondini, M., Etzi, R., Scurati, G. W., Ferrise, F., Chirico, A., Gaggioli, A., & Gallace, A. (2022). An Exploratory Study on the Effect of Virtual Environments on Cognitive Performances and Psychophysiological Responses. <em>Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking</em>, <em>25</em>(10), 666–671. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2021.0162</p> <p>Abstract: Research shows that reduced exposure to natural contexts is associated with an increase in psychophysical disorders. Recent evidence suggests that even a brief experience in natural scenarios can positively affect people's health and well-being. However, natural contexts are not always easily accessible. This study investigates the effects of natural and indoor virtual environments (VREs) on psychophysiological and cognitive responses. Following a within-subject design, 34 healthy participants were exposed to two VREs (i.e., a forest and a living room) in a counterbalanced order through a head-mounted display (Oculus Rift). Participants were asked to explore the scenarios and execute a modified version of the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. Physiological parameters (heart rate, skin conductance level [SCL], and respiration rate) were recorded during the whole session. After the exposure to VREs, participants filled a set of visual analog scales to rate their subjective experience of presence, relaxation, and stress. Participants reported a higher perceived sense of relaxation in the virtual forest. Moreover, their SCLs were significantly higher in this environment, showing that the forest elicited higher physiological arousal than the living room. Furthermore, their SCLs were significantly higher during the attentional task in the virtual living room. The results suggest that a natural virtual environment can make people feel more relaxed and physiologically engaged than an indoor scenario. The latter instead can be linked to a performing venue, as reported for real contexts. However, these changes were not related to modulations of attentional performance.</p>
Heritability of cognitive performance in wild Western Australian magpies
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Data from: Aggressive interactions influence cognitive performance in Western Australian magpies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Cortese et al. 2024. The effect of metabolism on cognitive performance varies with task complexity in common minnows Phoxinus phoxinus
<p>These datasets have been used to produce the figures and results of the manuscript entitled "The effect of metabolism on cognitive performance varies with task complexity in common minnows <em>Phoxinus phoxinus</em>" by Cortese D, Munson A, Storm Z, Jones NAR and Killen SS (2024).</p>
Habitat structural complexity predicts cognitive performance and behavior in western mosquitofish
<p>Urbanization and stream order alter freshwater habitat complexity (defined as the degree of variation in physical habitat structure). More complex habitats have more variation in habitat structure. Habitat complexity affects species composition and shapes animal ecology, behavior, and cognition. We used a delayed detour test to measure whether motor self-regulation and behavior of Western mosquitofish, <em>Gambusia affinis, </em>varied with habitat structural complexity that was quantified for nine populations. We predicted that motor self-regulation, motivation, and risk-taking behavior would increase with increasing habitat complexity, yet we found the opposite relationship. Lower complexity habitats offer less refuge which could increase predation pressure and select for greater risk-taking by fish with greater motor self-regulation. Our findings provide insight into how habitat complexity is related to cognitive processes and behavioral outcomes, and provide an explanation for why some species have a higher tolerance for urbanized environments.</p>
The Effects of Cycle and Treadmill Desks on Work Performance and Cognitive Function in Sedentary Workers: data repository of a review and meta-analysis.
<p>This repository contains additional files related to the review and meta-analysis. The first dataset contains list of search terms. The second dataset contains list od studies included in the meta-analysis. The third dataset contains study evaluation using PEDro scale tool. The fourth dataset contains two additional forrest plots (Effect of cycle and treadmill desks on typing errors and Effect of cycle and treadmill desks on congruent Eriksen Flanker test).</p>
Brain signal variability within individually defined alpha frequency range as a marker of cognitive performance
<p><strong>General description</strong></p> <p>Eight subjects with severe acquired brain injury and fourteen healthy participants took part in the study. EEG was recorded at 19 international standard 10-20 system locations with a sampling frequency of 256 Hz, using an ear-linked reference and the <em>Fpz</em> location as ground.</p> <p>For all participants three-minute baseline recordings were obtained, one with eyes open and one with eyes closed. Both groups participated in the same sustained attention task while EEG data was being collected. Healthy participants underwent 10 blocks of 225 trials while ABI patients were given 7 blocks of 225 trials.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Content of the zip files uploaded here</strong></p> <p>Each zip file contains matlab files with raw EEG data plus a channel that contains information of the triggers used in the sustained attention task. In addition, log files contain the latency of the experimental events and responses.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Description of the task</strong></p> <p>The Continuous Temporal Expectancy Task (CTET), developed by O’Connell <em>et al.</em> (2009), is a computerized task that measures sustained attention. Participants are required to notice and respond with a click of the mouse when an alternating pattern (Fig. 1) is randomly displayed for a longer interval than the regular interval (800ms). Participants practiced the experiment initially to ensure they obtained 100% accuracy at the end of the training trials. Longer target duration should be easily detected during the training block, but challenging when performed over an extended period of time. The healthy group detected the target difference at 1120ms (duration 40% longer than the standard), whereas the ABI group detected a difference at 1200ms latency (duration 50% longer than the standard). The hand that responded to the longer stimulus with a mouse-click was counterbalanced in each block.</p>
Data for: General cognitive performance declines with female age and is negatively related to fledging success in a wild bird
<p class="Affiliation"><span>Identifying the causes and fitness consequences of intraspecific variation in cognitive performance is fundamental to understand how cognition evolves. Selection may act on different cognitive traits separately or jointly as part of the general cognitive performance of the individual. To date, few studies have examined simultaneously whether individual cognitive performance covaries across different cognitive tasks, the relative importance of individual and social attributes in determining cognitive variation, and its fitness consequences in the wild. Here, we tested 38 wild southern pied babblers (</span><em><span>Turdoides bicolor</span></em><span>) on a cognitive test battery targeting associative learning, reversal learning and inhibitory control. We found that a single factor explained 59.5% of the variation in individual cognitive performance across tasks, suggestive of a general cognitive factor. General cognitive performance varied by age and sex; declining with age in females but not males. Older females also tended to produce a higher average number of fledglings per year compared to younger females. Analysing over 10 years of breeding data, we found that individuals with lower general cognitive performance produced more fledglings per year. Collectively, our findings support the existence of a trade-off between cognitive performance and reproductive success in a wild bird. </span></p>
Impact of Hyperarousal on Simple and Complex Cognitive Task Performance Among Insomnia Sufferers
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02290405. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Efficacy and Safety of 4-aminopyridine on Cognitive Performance and Motor Function of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02280096. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 6.
Immersive Virtual Reality and Physical Exercise on Cognitive and Functional Performance in Hospitalized Older Patients
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06340282. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.