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FIGURES 3–10. Compsodactylus martinezi and C. vallejoi leg characters. 3 in A new Compsodactylus Fuhrmann (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from Peru

FIGURES 3–10. Compsodactylus martinezi and C. vallejoi leg characters. 3, Compsodactylus martinezi prothoracic legs (dorsal); 4, C. vallejoi prothoracic legs (dorsal); 5, C. vallejoi prothoracic legs (dorsal); 6, C. martinezi metafemur (dorsal); 7, C. vallejoi metafemur (dorsal); 8, C. vallejoi metafemur (dorsal); 9, C. martinezi apex of metatibia; 10, C. vallejoi apex of metatibia.

FIGURES 63–75. 63–69 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 63–75. 63–69, Compsodactylus martinezi; 63, male genital ring; 64, aedeagus (lateral); 65, parameres (dorsal); 66, parameres (ventral); 67–69, endophallus (lateral), ventral basis detail, ornamentation detail; 70–71, C. scabrosus; 70, aedeagus (lateral); 71, parameres (dorsal); 72–73, C. martinezi; 72, female terminalia and internal associated region (ventral); 73, female external genitalia; 74, C. parvulus female external genitalia; 75, C. scabrosus female external genitalia. acg, accessory gland; bcx, bursa copulatrix; dgx, gonocoxite distal piece; gst, gonostylus; ovd, oviduct; pgx, gonocoxite proximal piece; ppt, paraproct; sga, spiculum gastrale caudal piece; sgc, spiculum gastrale caudal piece; spt, spermatecae; stg, spermatecae gland; ut9, urosternite; tem, temones.

FIGURES 46–51 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 46–51. Compsodactylus martinezi; 46, pterothorax dorsal, right without mesoalinotum, limit of meso-metathorax in blue; 47, mesepisternum-epimeron and associated (internal); 48, mesoalinotum internal, internoexternal limit in red; 49–51, abdomen male (lateral, ventral), female (ventral). aap, anterior abdominal process; im7–8, intersegmentar membrane VII/VIII; lpf, lateral phragma flange; pcp, prealare contact point; ppg, propygidium; pyg, pygidium; smk, scutellar medial keel; us2–8, urosternite II–VIII; ut1–8, urotergite I–VIII; v1–6, ventrite I–VI. Other abbreviations on the last plate.

FIGURES 52–62. 52–60 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 52–62. 52–60, Compsodactylus martinezi; 52–53, wing (distended, folded); 54, wing articulation and base; 55–56, first axillary (dorsal, ventral); 57, head of first axillary (anterior); 58–59, second axillary (dorsal, ventral); 60, third axillary (dorsal); 61, C. scabrosus wing distended; 62, C. martinezi posterior view of elytral medial contact section. Ax1, 2, 3, first, second, third axillary; HP, humeral plate; med, medial plate (with two pieces). Wing base and venal: prefix B, basivenalia; suffix A, anterior; suffix P, posterior; b, BMP-BCu brace; PC, precosta; C, costa; R, radius; M, media; Cu, cubitus; A anal; J, jugal. Wing fold (red): af, anal fold; jf, jugal fold; lf, longitudinal fold; mf, medial fold; tf, transversal fold. Other abbreviations on the last plate.

FIGURES 40–45 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 40–45. Compsodactylus martinezi pterothorax; 40, anterior, right without mesoalinotum, limit of meso-metathorax in blue, limit of mesoalinotum-postnotum in green; 41, posterior, right without mesoscutelum; 42, metanotum internal, left with mesopostnotum complex; 43, internodorsal, left without metepisternum-epimeron and associated region; 44, lateral; 45, internolateral. afm, anterior flange of metendosternite; alc, alacrista; alm, anterior lobe of metanotum; apn, postnotal apodeme; awp, anterior notal wing process; ba2–3, meso-metabasalare; dm2–3, dorsal mese-metepimeral arm; em2–3, mesemetepimeron; es2–3, mese-metepisternum; fu2–3, meso-metafurca; its, intersegmentar sclerite; klm, metakatepisternal loop; ls2–3, lateral scutellar arm; mfm, medial flange of metendosternite; msb, metendosternite bridge; mwp, medial notal wing process; pe2–3, meso-metaprealare; ph1–3, first, second, and third phragma; pl2–3, lateral of meso-metapostnotum; pla, pleural arm; pn2–3, meso-metapostnotum; po2–3, meso-metapostalare; pwp, posterior notal wing process; sc2–3, mesometascutum; su3, metasubalare; st2–3, meso-metascutellum; vt2–3, meso-metaventrite; wp2–3, pleural wing process of mesothorax and metathorax.

FIGURES 28–39. 28–35, 37 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 28–39. 28–35, 37, Compsodactylus martinezi; 28–30, prothorax (frontal, posterior, ventral); 31, detail of hypomeron posterior arm; 32, male protarsomere I (internal); 33, male protibia and protarsus; 34, male mesotibia and mesotarsus; 35, male metafemur, metatibia, and metatarsus; 36, C. parvulus female metaleg; 37, C. martinezi male tibial apex; 38, C. parvulus female tibial apex; 39, C. scabrosus male tibial apex.

FIGURES 1–9. 1, 2, 4 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 1–9. 1, 2, 4, Compsodactylus martinezi male habitus (dorsal, lateral, head dorsolateral); 3, C. martinezi female habitus (lateral; arrow shows the posterior margin bordered); 5, 6, C. parvulus holotype female habitus (dorsal, lateral); 7, 8, C. scabrosus holotype male habitus (dorsal, lateral); 9, C. scabrosus female habitus (lateral).

FIGURES 17–27. 17–26 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 17–27. 17–26, Compsodactylus martinezi; 17–19, left mandible (dorsal, ventral, molar); 20–22, right mandible (dorsal, ventral, molar); 23–24 maxilla (dorsal, ventral); 25–26 galea (ventral, internal); 27, C. scabrosus galea (internal).

FIGURES 10–16. 10 in Compsodactylus, a new South American genus with one new species and two new combinations (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 10–16. 10, Compsodactylus scabrosus head (dorsal); 11, C. parvulus head (dorsal); 12–16, C. martinezi; 12, head (dorsal); 13, epipharynx with details; 14, antenna; 15, hypopharynx; 16, labium.

FIGURES 78–83. Dasyus female terminalia. 78 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 78–83. Dasyus female terminalia. 78, Dasyus collaris terminalia with detail of asperites of proctiger area; 79, D. variabilis terminalia; 80, D. collaris pygidium, internal (showing paraproct-pygidium articulation); 81, D. collaris genitalia (right side without external elements; left side with detail of gonocoxite setae); 82, D. variabilis spermatheca complex; 83, D. collaris longitudinal section, lateral (accessory gland in dotted line). acg, accessory gland; bcx, bursa copulatrix; gcx, gonocoxite; ovd, oviduct; ppt, paraproct; pyg, pygidium; ret, rectum; spt, spermatheca; stg, gland of spermatheca; tg8–9, abdominal tergite VIII and IX. Details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 46–51. Dasyus collaris pterothorax. 46 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 46–51. Dasyus collaris pterothorax. 46, anterior (right side with mesoalinotum omitted); 47, posterior; 48, metanotum, internoventral (right side with mesopostnotum complex); 49, internodorsal (right episternum-epimeron and associated region omitted); 50, lateral; 51, internolateral. Acronyms suffix 2 and 3 indicating mesothorax and metathorax elements, respectively (except to fragma: ph1–3); apn, apodeme of postnotum; awp, anterior notal wing process; ba2–3, basalare (* apodeme); dm3, dorsal arm of epimeron; em2–3, epimeron; es2–3, episternum; fu2–3, furca; lp2–3, lateral arm of postnotum; ls2–3, lateral arm of scutellum; msb, mesendosternite bridge; mwp, medial notal wing process; pe2–3, prealare; ph1–3, first, second and third phragma; pla, pleural arm; po2, postalare; pwp, posterior notal wing process; sc2–3, scutum; su3, subalare (* apodeme); st2–3, scutellum; vt2–3, meso- and metaventrite; wp2–3, pleural wing process. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 52–56. Dasyus collaris pterothorax and abdomen. 52 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 52–56. Dasyus collaris pterothorax and abdomen. 52, pterothorax, dorsal (right side of mesoalinotum omitted); 53, mesoalinotum, internoventral; 54, episternum-epimeron complex and associated region, internal (apodeme limits of basalare and subalare in black line); 55–56, female abdomen (dorsal, ventral). Acronyms suffix 2 and 3 to thorax indicating mesothorax and metathorax elements, respectively (except to fragma: ph1–2); apn, postnotal apodeme; awp, anterior notal wing process; ba2–3, basalare; dm3, dorsal arm of metepimeron; em2–3, epimeron; es2–3, episternum; lp2–3, lateral arm of postnotum; ls2– 3, lateral arm of scutellum; mts, metathoracic spiracle; pcx, pleurocoxal articulation; pe2–3, prealare; ph1–2, first and second phragma; pla, pleural arm; po2, postalare; pyg, pygidium; sc2, mesoscutum; sn3–8, abdominal sternite 3–8; su3, subalare; st2, scutellum; tg1–8, abdominal tergite 1–8; va1–6, abdominal ventrite 1–6; wp2–3, pleural wing process. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 30–34. Dasyus collaris mandibles. 30–33 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 30–34. Dasyus collaris mandibles. 30–33, Left mandible (dorsal, ventral, outer, molar); 34, molar of right mandible. Scale = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 21–23. Compsodactylus. 21 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 21–23. Compsodactylus. 21, Compsodactylus argentinus temones, dorsal; 22, C. argentinus endophallus, ventral (asperites details with relative magnification of 3x); 23, C. parvulus endophallus, ventral (asperites details with relative magnification of 3x). Scale: 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 9–20. Male appendages. 9 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 9–20. Male appendages. 9, Dasyus collaris metacoxa; 10, Compsodactylus argentinus metacoxa; 11, C. argentinus apex of metatibia; 12, C. argentinus metafemur and tibia; 13, C. argentinus tibia, posterior view; 14, C. parvulus apex of metatibia; 15, C. parvulus metafemur and tibia; 16, C. parvulus tibia, posterior view; 17–18, C. argentinus aedeagus (lateral and parameres in dorsal view); 19–20, C. parvulus aedeagus (lateral and parameres in dorsal view). cxk, coxa-katepisternum articulation; cxp, coxopleural articulation; cxt, coxa-trochanter articulation; mbd, marginal bead; mip, metacoxal inner process (limit in dotted line). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 98–99. South America distributional records. 98 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 98–99. South America distributional records. 98, Compsodactylus; 99, Dasyus. Scale = 500 km.

FIGURES 1–8. Compsodactylus. 1–3 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 1–8. Compsodactylus. 1–3, Compsodactylus argentinus male lectotype (dorsal, lateral, labels); 4, labels of C. scabrosus male holotype (= C. argentinus); 5–6, C. parvulus male (dorsal, lateral); 7, C. parvulus female holotype labels; 8, labels of mislabeled male of C. parvulus. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 38–45. Dasyus collaris. 38, prothorax, anterior (right side with cervix and coxa omitted); 39, prothorax, posterior (right without intersegmental membrane and coxa omitted); 40, prothorax, ventral (right side with hypomeron bridge detached); 41, protibia-tarsus of males (with protracted pretarsus), details: a, tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus, b–c, tarsomere V, inner (with protracted/retracted pretarsus, respectively), d, tarsomere I detail; 42, 43, mesotibia-tarsus (female, male); 44, metatibiatarsus of male (with protracted pretarsus) and detail of tarsomere V with retracted pretarsus; 45, apex of metatibia. am1, angulate margin between hypomeron and posterior fold of pronotum; am2, angulate margin between dorsal and ventral areas of posterior fold of pronotum. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 71–77. Dasyus endophallus. 71 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 71–77. Dasyus endophallus. 71, Dasyus collaris right side (distal piece introverted); 72, D. collaris dorsal detail of temones; 73, D. collaris ventral detail of V-sclerite; 74–75, D. collaris right and left side; 76–77, D. variabilis right (distal piece introverted) and left side. fcm, first connective membrane (connecting tegmen to endophallus); ldd, dorsal lobes of distal piece; lpd, dorsal lobe of proximal piece; lpm, ventromedial lobe of proximal piece; lpp, ventroproximal lobe of proximal piece; lpv, ventrodistal lobe of proximal piece; M(O), musculus phallobaso-endophalloapodemalis; M(S), musculus endophalloapodemalis; ttm, temones tendon. Asperites details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 27–29. Dasyus collaris. 27 in Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae)

FIGURES 27–29. Dasyus collaris. 27, epipharynx (a, phobae; b, minute setae; details with relative magnification of 3x); 28, hypopharynx; 29, labium (left palp and some setae omitted). Scale = 0.5 mm.