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43 results for “Cone photoreceptor”
Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse
<p>Neurons enhance their computational power by combining linear and nonlinear transformations in extended dendritic trees. Rich, spatially distributed processing is rarely associated with individual synapses, but the cone photoreceptor synapse may be an exception. Graded voltages temporally modulate vesicle fusion at a cone's ~20 ribbon active zones. The transmitter then flows into a common, glia-free volume where bipolar cell dendrites are organized by type in successive tiers. Using super-resolution microscopy and tracking vesicle fusion and postsynaptic response at the quantal level in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel, <em>Ictidomys</em> <em>tridecemlineatus</em>, we show that certain bipolar cell types respond to individual fusion events in the stream while other types respond to degrees of locally coincident events, creating a gradient across tiers that are increasingly nonlinear. Nonlinearities emerge from a combination of factors specific to each bipolar cell type including diffusion distance, contact number, receptor affinity, and proximity to transporters. Complex computations related to feature detection begin within the first visual synapse.</p>
Mechanisms of simultaneous linear and nonlinear computations at the mammalian cone photoreceptor synapse
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Data from: Phagocytosed photoreceptor outer segment particles within the retinal pigment epithelium show diurnal rhythmicity and variation between cone subtypes in larval zebrafish
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Fovea-like photoreceptor specialisations underlie single UV-cone driven prey capture behaviour in zebrafish
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Data from: Individual variation in cone photoreceptor density in house sparrows: implications for between-individual differences in visual resolution and chromatic contrast
Between-individual variation has been documented in a wide variety of taxa, especially for behavioral characteristics; however, intra-population variation in sensory systems has not received similar attention in wild animals. We measured a key trait of the visual system, the density of retinal cone photoreceptors, in a wild population of house sparrows (Passer domesticus). We tested whether individuals differed from each other in cone densities given within-individual variation across the retina and across eyes. We further tested whether the existing variation could lead to individual differences in two aspects of perception: visual resolution and chromatic contrast. We found consistent between-individual variation in the densities of all five types of avian cones, involved in chromatic and achromatic vision. Using perceptual modeling, we found that this degree of variation translated into significant between-individual differences in visual resolution and the chromatic contrast of a plumage signal that has been associated with mate choice and agonistic interactions. However, there was no evidence for a relationship between individual visual resolution and chromatic contrast. The implication is that some birds may have the sensory potential to perform "better" in certain visual tasks, but not necessarily in both resolution and contrast simultaneously. Overall, our findings (a) highlight the need to consider multiple individuals when characterizing sensory traits of a species, and (b) provide some mechanistic basis for between-individual variation in different behaviors (i.e., animal personalities) and for testing the predictions of several widely accepted hypotheses (e.g., honest signaling).
Robust cone-mediated signaling persists late into rod photoreceptor degeneration
<p>Rod photoreceptor degeneration causes deterioration in the morphology and physiology of cone photoreceptors along with changes in retinal circuits. These changes could diminish visual signaling at cone-mediated light levels, thereby limiting the efficacy of treatments such as gene therapy for rescuing normal, cone-mediated vision. However, the impact of progressive rod death on cone-mediated signaling remains unclear. A mouse model of rod degeneration was used to investigate the fidelity of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) signaling throughout disease progression. Despite clear deterioration of cone morphology with rod death, cone-mediated signaling among RGCs remained surprisingly robust: spatiotemporal receptive fields changed little and the mutual information between stimuli and spiking responses was relatively constant. This relative stability held until nearly all rods had died and cones had completely lost well-formed outer segments. Interestingly, RGC information rates were higher and more stable for natural movies than checkerboard noise as degeneration progressed. The main change in RGC responses with photoreceptor degeneration was a decrease in response gain. These results suggest that gene therapies for rod degenerative diseases are likely to successfully prolong cone-mediated vision even if there are changes to cone morphology and density.</p>
Data from: Individual variation in cone photoreceptor density in house sparrows: implications for between-individual differences in visual resolution and chromatic contrast
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Robust cone-mediated signaling persists late into rod photoreceptor degeneration
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Identification of genes with enriched expression in early developing mouse cone photoreceptors
GEO Series GSE132272. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Investigating cone photoreceptor development using patient-derived NRLnull retinal organoids
GEO Series GSE143669. Homo sapiens. 17 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptome dynamics of developing photoreceptors in 3-D retina cultures recapitulates temporal sequence of human cone and rod differentiation revealing cell surface markers and gene networks
GEO Series GSE67645. Homo sapiens. 23 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
MiRNAs 182 and 183 are necessary to maintain adult cone photoreceptor outer segments and visual function
GEO Series GSE58501. Mus musculus. 42 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Recruitment of Rod Photoreceptors from Short Wavelength Sensitive Cones during the Evolution of Nocturnal Vision in Mammals
GEO Series GSE74661. Mus musculus. 52 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing; Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Recruitment of Rod Photoreceptors from Short Wavelength Sensitive Cones during the Evolution of Nocturnal Vision in Mammals
GEO Series GSE81099. Mus musculus. 13 samples. Type: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing.
ATAC sequencing of developing cone photoreceptors
GEO Series GSE97535. Mus musculus. 9 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
MicroRNA expression profile in mouse cone photoreceptors at P60 [miRNA-seq]
GEO Series GSE58500. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
The deubiquitinase Otud7b suppresses cone photoreceptor degeneration in mouse models of retinal degenerative diseases
GEO Series GSE239573. Mus musculus. 2 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
RNA sequencing of developing cone photoreceptors
GEO Series GSE97534. Mus musculus. 39 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
E3 SUMO ligase PIAS3 fine-tunes dorsoventral patterning and visual response of cones in the mouse retina but is not essential for photoreceptor cell fate specification
GEO Series GSE94011. Mus musculus. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Dominant RDH12-retinitis pigmentosa impairs photoreceptor development and cone function in retinal organoids
GEO Series GSE271751. Homo sapiens. 20 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.