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FIG. 3 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 3. — Morphology of the P1 element of Lochriea Scott, 1942 and the terms for the orientation of the elements (Purnell et al. 2000).

FIG. 6 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 6. — Morphological schemes of sinistral (A-D) and dextral (E-G) P1 elements of Lochriea monocarinata n. sp. and scheme of probable occlusion of sinistral (red) and dextral (green) elements (H). The line drawings are based on the SEM microphotographs (see Fig. 5). D, holotype, specimen 445/12. Abbreviations: d, dextral; s, sinistral.

FIG. 1 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 1. — Location of the studied sections (*): A, general geographical position of the studied area; B, location of the sections: 1, Kamenka section; 2, Izyayu section; 3, Kozhim section; 4, Bolshaya Nadota section.

FIG. 2 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 2. — Correlation of the key sections of the uppermost Viséan-Serpukhovian interval in the North Urals and Cis-Urals (Vevel et al. 2018; Zhuravlev et al. 2023). Abbreviations: m, mudstone; w, wackestones; p, packstone; g, grainstone; f, floatstone; FOD, first occurrence datum; G., Gnathodus Pander, 1856; L., Lochriea Scott, 1942. The stars mark occurrences of Lochriea monocarinata n. sp.

FIG. 5 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 5 in A new species, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., and its position in the morphospace of the genus Lochriea Scott, 1942 (Conodonta, Mississippian)

FIG. 5. — Some advanced Lochriea from the Serpukhovian (Lochriea ziegleri Zone) of North of Urals and Cis-Urals region: A, Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret-Mirouse, Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/24, sample Iz4-51/98, Izyayu section; B, Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/19, sample K99-21/22, Kamenka section; C, Lochriea senckenbergica Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/22, sample 125-19/22, Kamenka section; D, Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/20, sample K99-21/22, Kamenka section; E, Lochriea senckenbergica Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994-Lochriea cruciformis (Clarke, 1960) transition, specimen 145/23, sample Iz4-52/98, Izyayu section; F, Lochriea senckenbergica Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994 – Lochriea cruciformis (Clarke, 1960) transition, specimen 145/27, sample Iz4-53/98, Izyayu section; G, Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969), specimen 145/15, sample N2-1-11/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; H, Lochriea sp., specimen 145/12 sample N2-1-7/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; I, Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/18, sample K99-21/22, Kamenka section; J, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp.-Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994 transition, specimen 145/14, sample N2-1-10/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; K, Lochriea monocostata (Pazukhin & Nemirovskaya in Kulagina et al., 1992), specimen 145/4, sample Iz4-53/98, Izyayu section; L, Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969), specimen 145/8, sample Iz4-52/98, Izyayu section; M, Lochriea ziegleri Nemirovskaya, Perret & Meischner, 1994, specimen 145/21, sample K99-21/22, Kamenka section; N, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/16, sample N2-1-11/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; O, Lochriea commutata (Branson & Mehl, 1941)-Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969) transition, specimen 145/11, sample N2-1-5/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; P, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/17, sample N2-1-11/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; Q, Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969)-Lochriea monocarinata n. sp. transition, specimen 145/3, sample Iz4-53/98, Izyayu section; R, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/7, sample Iz4- 52/98, Izyayu section; S, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/6, sample Iz4-52/98, Izyayu section; T, Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969)-Lochriea monocarinata n. sp. transition, specimen145/9, sample Iz4-60/98, Izyayu section; U, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/10, sample N2-1-5/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; V, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/2, sample Iz4-53/98, Izyayu section; W, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., specimen 145/1, sample K99-21/22, Kamenka section; X, Lochriea mononodosa (Rhodes, Austin & Druce, 1969), specimen 145/25, sample Iz4-45/98, Izyayu section; Y, Lochriea monocostata (Pazukhin & Nemirovskaya in Kulagina et al., 1992)-Lochriea monocarinata n. sp. transition, specimen 145/13, sample N2-1- 8/99, Bolshaya Nadota section; Z, Lochriea monocarinata n. sp., holotype, specimen 445/12, sample Iz4-52/98, Izyayu section; AA, Lochriea sp., P2 element, specimen 145/26, sample Iz4-51/98, Izyayu section. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Fig. 15. A–H in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 15. A–H, Stiptognathus borealis (Repetski, 1982). (A), M element, CPC39902, WCB705/243, posterior view (IY129-033). B–D, Sa element; B,C, CPC39903, WCB705/243, (B), upper-posterior view (IY118-006), (C), upper-anterior view (IY118-007); (D), CPC39904, WCB705/243, upper view showing the cross section of the cusp (IY118-004). E–G, Sb element, E,G, CPC39905, WCB705/133, (E), basal-posterior view (IY117-041), (G), posterior view (IY117-039). (F), CPC39906, WCB705/243, basal view (IY118-015). (H), Pb element, CPC39907, WCB705/243, antero-inner lateral view (IY118-008). I–K, Triangulodus bifidus Zhen in Zhen et al., 2006. Sd element, CPC39908, WCB705/133, (I), basal view (IY116-056), (J,K), posterolateral views (IY116-058, IY116-057). L–T, Semiacontiodus sp. cf. S. cornuformis (Sergeeva, 1963). L,M, Sa element, CPC39909, WCB705/133, (L), posterior view (IY126-027); (M), posterolateral view (IY126-028). N,O, Sb element; (N), CPC39910, 161–166 m, inner lateral view (IY132-012); (O), CPC39911, 161–166 m, outer lateral view (IY132-014). P–T, Sc element; P–R, CPC39912, 161–166 m, (P), inner lateral view (IY132-016); (Q), basal view (IY132-018); (R), outer lateral view (IY132-017). S,T, CPC39913, WCB705/133, (S), inner lateral view (IY127-018); (T), close up showing fine striae (IY127-019). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 14 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 14. Serratognathus diversus An, 1981. All from the Honghuayuan Formation in Guizhou. (A), Sb element, AM F.135050, THH7, basal-posterior view, showing fine growth laminar preserved on the lateral and posterior surfaces of the cusp (IY119-022). (B), Sc element, AM F.135825 (same specimen as Fig. 13K,L), THH12, close up showing growth laminar along the posterobasal margin (IY134-037). (C), Sc element, AM F.135816 (same specimen as Fig. 12G, H), THH9, closing up showing fine growth laminar on the posterior face (IY134-049). D,E, Sa element, AM F.135048, THH7, (D), close up showing fine growth laminar on the posterior face (IY119-006), (E), close up showing the small ring-like node representing the initial stage of the element (IY119-012). Scale bars 10 µm.

Fig. 13 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 13. Serratognathus diversus An, 1981. All from the Honghuayuan Formation in Guizhou. Showing size variation; A–E,G,I,K and M are magnified equally. (A), Sb element, AM F.135818, AFI983A, anterior view, bearing six laminar layers (IY133-046). (B), Sb element, AM F.135819, THH10, anterior view, bearing six laminar layers (IY133-038). C,M, Sc element, AM F.135820, YTH5, (C), anterior view, bearing eight laminar layers (IY133-024), (M), posterior view (IY134-019). (D), Sa element, AM F.135821, AFI986, upper-anterior view, bearing eight laminar layers (IY133-050). E,F, Sc element, AM F.135822, YTH4, (E), anterior view, bearing 10 laminar layers (IY133-021), (F), close up showing denticles along anterior margin of each laminar layer (IY133-022). …[continued on facing page]

Fig. 12 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 12. Serratognathus diversus An, 1981. All from the Honghuayuan Formation in Guizhou. A–C, Sa element; (A), AM F.135048, THH7, anterobasal view (IY119-004); (B), AM F.135044, THH7, lateral view (IY119-002); (C), AM F.135047, THH10, posterior view (IY119-040). (D), Sb element, AM F.135049, THH7, outer lateral view (IY119014); E–H, broken specimens showing overlapping laminar layers on the surface of breakage. E,F, Sb element, AM F.135815, THH7, (E), postro-lateral view (IY133-035), (F), upper view (IY133-037); G,H, Sc element, AM F.135816, THH9, (G), inner lateral view (IY133-040), (H), close up showing the surface of breakage (IY133-041); (I), Sc element, AM F.135817, YTH10, showing the partition between laminar layers and the fine laminar structure within each laminar layer (IY133-033). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 11. Serratognathus bilobatus Lee, 1970 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 11. Serratognathus bilobatus Lee, 1970. (A), Sa element, CPC39898, 161–166 m, anterior view (IY116-041). B–F, Sb element; B–E, CPC39899, WCB705/133, (B), posterior view (IY116-002), (C), outer lateral view (IY116-006), (D), upper view showing the tip of the cusp (IY116-012), (E), upper view (IY116-011); (F), CPC39900, WCB705/133, anterior view (IY116-028). G–L, Sc element, CPC39901, WCB705/133, (G), posterior view (IY116-013), L, upper view (IY116-023), (H), basal-posterior view (IY116018), (I), posterior view of the cusp (IY116-014), (J), posterior view, close up showing fine striae (IY116-015), (K), basal view showing ring-like basal node (IY116-022). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 10. A–K in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 10. A–K, Scolopodus houlianzhaiensis An & Xu in An et al., 1983. All from sample 161–166 m. A–D, Sa element; A,B, CPC39880, (A), posterior view (IY130-011), (B), lateral view (IY130-010); C,D, CPC39881, (C), basal view (IY130-009), (D), lateral view (IY130-007). E–G, Sb element, CPC39882, (E), posterior view (IY130-017), (F), inner lateral view (IY130-016), (G), outer lateral view (IY130-018). H–K, Sc element; H,I, CPC39883, (H), posterior view (IY129-028), (I), inner lateral view (IY129-029); J,K, CPC39884, (J), outer lateral view (IY130-019), (K), inner lateral view (IY130-021). L–R, Lissoepikodus nudus Nicoll & Ethington, 2004. L,M, Sa element, CPC39885, WCB705/133, (L), upper view (IY127-002); (M), posterior view (IY127-003). N,O, Pb element; (N), CPC39886, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY127-014); (O), CPC39887, WCB705/133, outer lateral view showing weaker costa (IY127-006). P,Q, Sb element; (P), CPC39888, WCB705/243, basal view (IY118-016); (Q), CPC39889, WCB705/133, inner lateral view (IY126-034). (R), Sd element, CPC39890, WCB705/133, basal-inner lateral view (IY126-033). S–U, Nasusgnathus dolonus (An, 1981). All from sample WCB705/133. S,T, Sd element; (S), CPC39891, inner lateral view (IY127-008); (T), CPC39892, outer lateral view (IY127-007). (U), Sb element, CPC39893, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY127-005). (V),?Protoprioniodus simplicissimus McTavish, 1973. Sb element, CPC39894, WCB705/243, outer lateral view (IY129-035). (W), gen. et sp. indet. B. Sa element, CPC39895, WCB705/133, posterior view (IY126-036). (X), Paltodus sp. M element, CPC39896, WCB705/133, posterior view (IY126-014). (Y), gen. et sp. indet. A. Symmetrical stout element, CPC39897, WCB705/133, lateral view (IY127-034). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 7 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 7. Paroistodus parallelus (Pander, 1856). All from sample WCB705/133. A–D, M element; (A), CPC39842, anterior view (IY117-002); B,C, CPC39843, (B), anterior view (IY117-005); (C), basal view (IY117-006); (D), CPC39844, posterior view (IY117-008). E–G, Sa element; E,F, CPC39845, (E), lateral view (IY117-010), (F), basal view (IY117-011); (G), CPC39846, lateral view (IY117-009). H–J, Sb element; (H), CPC39847, outer lateral view (IY117-017); I,J, CPC39848, (I), inner lateral view (IY117-016), (J), basal view (IY117-018). K–M, Sc element; K,L, CPC39849, (K), basal view (IY117-014), (L), inner lateral view (IY117-013); (M), CPC39850, outer lateral view (IY117-012). N,O, Sd element; (N), CPC39851, inner-basal view (IY117-025); (O), CPC39852, outer lateral view (IY117-029). (P), Pb element; CPC39853, outer lateral view (IY132-020). Q–S,?Pa element, (Q), CPC39854, basal view (IY117-036), (R), CPC39855, outer lateral view (IY117-030); (S), CPC39856, inner lateral view (IY117-034). Scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 9. Protopanderodus gradatus Serpagli, 1974. All from sample WCB705 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 9. Protopanderodus gradatus Serpagli, 1974. All from sample WCB705/243. A–C, Sa element; (A), CPC39869, lateral view (IY128-010); (B), CPC39870, lateral view (IY128-011); (C), CPC39871, basal view (IY128-008). D–G, Sc element; (D), CPC39872, inner lateral view (IY128-001); (E), CPC39873, inner lateral view (IY128-002); (F), CPC39874, basal-inner lateral view (IY128-005); (G), CPC39875, upper-inner lateral view (IY128-009). H,I, P element, CPC39876, (H), inner lateral view (IY128-019); (I), basal-outer lateral view (IY128-020). J–P,?M element; J–K, CPC39877, (J), inner lateral view (IY129-037); (K), close-up inner lateral view, showing striae near the furrow and chevron-shaped pattern of striae adjacent to anterior margin (IY129-038); L,M, CPC39878, (L), outer lateral view (IY129-041); (M), anterior view (IY129-039); N–P, CPC39879, (N), inner lateral view (IY129-042); (O), close-up inner lateral view, showing striae near the furrow and chevron-shaped pattern of striae adjacent to anterior margin (IY129-043); (P), close up showing rounded boring hole on the surface (IY129-044). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 8. A–K in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 8. A–K, Paroistodus proteus (Lindström, 1955). (A), M element, CPC39857, WCB705/133, posterior view (IY132-023). B,C, Sb element; (B), CPC39858, WCB705/133, inner view (IY132-022); (C), CPC39859, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY130-040). D,E, Sc element; (D), CPC39860, 161–166m, outer lateral view (IY130-025); (E), CPC39861, WCB705/133, inner lateral view (IY132-029). (F), Sd element, CPC39862, 161–166m, innrt lateral view (IY130-026). G–J, Pb element; (G), CPC39863, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY117-020); H,I, CPC39864, WCB705/133, (H), basal view (IY117-021), (I), inner lateral view (IY117-022); (J), CPC39865, WCB705/133, inner lateral view (IY130-043). (K), Sa element, CPC39866, WCB705/133, lateral view (IY130-41). L–O, gen. et sp. indet. A. All from sample WCB705/133. L,M, symmetrical element, CPC39867, (L), basal-posterior view (IY132-024), (M), lateral view (IY132-025). N,O, asymmetrical element, CPC39868, (N), outer lateral view (IY132-028), (O), anterior view (IY132-027). Scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 6. A–F in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 6. A–F, Paracordylodus gracilis Lindström, 1955. All from sample WCB705/243. (A), M element, CPC39827, anterior view (IY116-050). B–E, S elements; B–C, CPC39828, (B), inner lateral view (IY116-051); (C), close up showing chevron-shaped pattern of striae adjacent to anterior margin (IY126-052); (D), CPC39829, inner lateral view (IY126-053); (E), CPC39830, outer lateral view (IY126-054); (F), P element, CPC39928, outer lateral view (IY116055). G,H,L, Prioniodus adami Stouge & Bagnoli, 1988. G,H, Pa element, CPC39831, WCB705/243, (G), antero-outer lateral view (IY118-018); (H), outer lateral view (IY118-019). (L), Sa element, CPC39832, WCB705/243, posterior view (IY128-021). M–R, Protoprioniodus simplicissimus McTavish, 1973. All from sample WCB705/243. M, N, Sc element; (M), CPC39833, outer lateral view (IY118-020); (N), CPC39834, inner lateral view (IY118-030). O,P, Pa element, CPC39835, (O), inner lateral view (IY118-025); (P), upper-outer lateral view (IY118-023). Q,R, M element; (Q), CPC39836, anterior view (IY129-032); (R), CPC39837, posterior view (IY118-029). I–K, S–V, Fahraeusodus adentatus (McTavish, 1973). I–K, Sa element, CPC39838, WCB705/133, (I), lateral view (IY127-012); (J), anterior view, close up showing striae on the broad anterior face (IY127-011); (K), anterior view (IY127-010). (S), Sc element, CPC39839, 161–166 m, inner lateral view (IY130-001). (T), Sb element, CPC39840, 161–166 m, outer lateral view (IY130-002). U,V, Sd element, CPC39841, 161–166 m, (U), inner lateral view (IY130-005); (V), outer lateral view (IY130-006). Scale bars 100 µm unless otherwise indicated.

Fig. 5. A–F in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 5. A–F, Drepanodus arcuatus Pander, 1856. All from sample WCB705/133. A,B, Sa element; (A), CPC39811, lateral view (IY126-002); (B), CPC39812, lateral view (IY126-003). C,D, Sd element; (C), CPC39813, inner lateral view (IY127-028); (D), CPC39814, inner lateral view (IY127-022). (E), Pb element, CPC39815, inner lateral view (IY126-001). (F), Pa element, CPC39816, outer lateral view (IY126-005). G–P, Drepanoistodus sp. cf. D. nowlani Ji & Barnes, 1994. (G), M element, CPC39817, WCB705/243, anterior view (IY129-005). H,I, Sa element; (H), CPC39818, WCB705/133, lateral view (IY126-004); (I), CPC39819, WCB705/133, lateral view (IY127-016). (J), Sb element, CPC39820, WCB705/133, inner lateral view (IY127-029). K,L, Sc element; (K), CPC39821, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY126-008); (L), CPC39822, WCB705/133, outer lateral view (IY129-027). (M), Sd element, CPC39823, WCB705/133, inner lateral view (IY127-030). N,O, Pa element; (N), CPC39824, WCB705/243, inner lateral view (IY129-025); (O), CPC39825, WCB705/243, outer lateral view (IY129-026). (P), Pb element, CPC39826, WCB705/243, outer lateral view (IY129-006). Scale bars 100 µm.

Fig. 4. A–F in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 4. A–F, Bergstroemognathus extensus (Graves & Ellison, 1941). All from sample WCB705/243. (A), M element, CPC39790, posterior view (IY116-046). (B), Sa element, CPC39791, posterior view (IY116-047). (C), Sb element, CPC39792, inner lateral view (IY116-048). (D), Sc element, CPC39793, inner lateral view (IY116-049). (E), Pb element, CPC39794, inner lateral view (IY116-042). (F), Pa element, CPC39795, inner lateral view (IY116-043). G–L, Cornuodus sp. All from WCB705/243; …[continued on facing page]

Fig. 1 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 1. Localities and geological maps of the studied area. (A), map of Australia showing location of the Canning Basin; (B), map of the Canning Basin; and (C), map of the Emanuel Creek area showing location of section WCB705 along Emanuel Creek (modified from Nicoll et al., 1993).

Fig. 3 in Biogeographic and Biostratigraphic Implications of the Serratognathus bilobatus Fauna (Conodonta) from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) of the Canning Basin, Western Australia

Fig. 3. Early Floian palaeobiogeographic reconstruction of eastern Gondwana (after Nicoll et al., 1993; Webby et al., 2000; Huang et al., 2000).