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22 results for “Conservation translocation”
Fig. 1 in Applying a modified streamlined disease risk analysis framework to a platypus conservation translocation, with special consideration for the conservation of ecto- and endoparasites
Fig. 1. An outline of how parasite conservation can be considered in translocation planning, reproduced from Carlson et al. (2020).
Data from: Predicting success of conservation translocations: Prerelease screening tools for a threatened marsupial
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Conservation translocation of Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus) to a depleted Arctic fjord ecosystem
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Post-translocation dynamics of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation tool
<p>Prairie dogs have declined by 98% throughout their range in the grasslands of North America. Translocations have been used as a conservation tool to reestablish colonies of this keystone species and to mitigate human-wildlife conflict. Understanding the behavioral responses of prairie dogs to translocation is of utmost importance to enhance the persistence of the species and for species that depend on them, including the critically endangered black-footed ferret. In 2017 and 2018, we translocated 658 black-tailed prairie dogs on the Lower Brule Indian Reservation in central South Dakota, USA, a black-footed ferret recovery site. Here, we describe and evaluate the effectiveness of translocating prairie dogs into augered burrows and soft released within presumed coteries to reestablish colonies in previously occupied habitat. We released prairie dogs implanted with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) and conducted recapture events approximately 1-month and 1-year post-release. We hypothesized that these methods would result in a successful translocation and that prairie dogs released as coteries would remain close to where they were released because of their highly social structure. In support of these methods leading to a successful translocation, 69% of marked individuals were captured 1-month post-release, and 39% were captured 1-year post-release. Furthermore, considerable recruitment was observed with 495 unmarked juveniles captured during the 1-year post-release trapping event, and the reestablished colony had more than doubled in area by 2021. Contrary to our hypothesis, yet to our knowledge a novel finding, there was greater initial movement within the colony 1-month post-release than expected based on recapture locations compared to published average territory size; however, 1-year after release most recaptured individuals were captured within the expected territory size when compared to capture locations 1-month post-release. This research demonstrates that while translocating prairie dogs may be socially disruptive initially, it is an important conservation tool.</p>
Post-translocation dynamics of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus): A successful conservation and human-wildlife conflict mitigation tool
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Lessons from a century of conservation translocations
<ol> <li>Translocation—moving individuals for release in new locations—is among the most important conservation interventions for increasing or re-establishing populations of threatened species. However, translocations often fail. To improve their effectiveness, we need to understand the features that distinguish successful from failed translocations.</li> <li>Here, we assembled and analysed a global database of translocations of terrestrial vertebrates (n=514) to assess the effects of various design features and extrinsic factors on success. Unlike previous reviews, we analysed outcomes using standardized metrics i.e. a categorical success/failure classification, and population growth rate.</li> <li>Probability of categorical success and population growth rate increased with the total number of individuals released but with diminishing returns above about 20-50 individuals. Releasing more animals may overcome stochastic variation in survival and reproduction, and could also indicate better overall resourcing of projects. There has been no increase in numbers released per translocation over time.</li> <li>Positive outcomes—reported success and high population growth—were less likely for translocation in Oceania, possibly because invasive species are a major threat on the continent and are difficult to control at translocation sites. Increased rates of categorical reported success and population growth were found for Europe and North America, suggesting the key role of historical context in positive translocation outcomes. Releases of captive animals resulted in negative population growth rates, on average, while those of wild animals were positive. We also found evidence that success differed according to the nature of the threatening process and was higher in projects that released animals over longer periods.</li> <li>Categorical success has increased throughout the 20<sup>th</sup> century, but that increase may have plateaued at about 75% since about 1990. No temporal trend in other variables explained this trend suggesting either additional unmeasured variable(s) were responsible for the improvement, or that authors have become more ready to attribute success to their efforts over time.</li> </ol>
Data from: Balancing genetic uniqueness and genetic variation in determining conservation and translocation strategies: a comprehensive case study of threatened dwarf galaxias, Galaxiella pusilla (Mack) (Pisces: Galaxiidae)
Genetic markers are widely used to define and manage populations of threatened species based on the notion that populations with unique lineages of mtDNA and well-differentiated nuclear marker frequencies should be treated separately. However a danger of this approach is that genetic uniqueness might be emphasized at the cost of genetic diversity, which is essential for adaptation and is potentially boosted by mixing geographically separate populations. Here we re-explore the issue of defining management units, focussing on a detailed study of Galaxiella pusilla, a small freshwater fish of national conservation significance in Australia. Using a combination of microsatellite and mitochondrial markers, 51 populations across the species range were surveyed for genetic structure and diversity. We found an inverse relationship between genetic differentiation and genetic diversity, highlighting a long-term risk of deliberate isolation of G. pusilla populations based on protection of unique lineages. Instead we adopt a method for identifying genetic management units that takes into consideration both uniqueness and genetic variation. This produced a management framework to guide future translocation and re-introduction efforts for G. pusilla which contrasted to the framework based on a more traditional approach that may overlook important genetic variation in populations.
Data from: Translocation of wild populations: conservation implications for the genetic diversity of the black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera
Translocation has been widely studied as a tool for conservation management to restore or enhance degraded populations. On the contrary few studies have been conducted on translocation for commercial purposes. In this study we evaluate the genetic consequences of translocation of wild individuals of Pinctada margaritifera on farmed and adjacent wild populations. We tested the hypotheses that translocations would induce high genetic heterogeneity in farmed populations and this heterogeneity would then leak into the adjacent wild populations. In fact, farmed samples exhibit high levels of heterogeneity and low pairwise relatedness compared to wild populations, highlighting the pooling of genetically divergent populations into farms. We also demonstrate that this heterogeneity is transmitted to adjacent wild populations as a result of interbreeding. Adjacent wild populations tend to have higher genetic diversity values and greater pairwise relatedness coefficient with farmed populations than wild populations. Overall pearl culture in French Polynesia promotes the mixing of unrelated individuals in farmed locations and reduces genetic divergence among geographically distant populations as well as among farmed and wild populations of a same lagoon. We also studied for the first time, a farmed population originating from spat collected in a lagoon where release of hatchery produced larvae occurred ten year ago and we were able to identify four distinct genetic groups. These groups contribute highly to reproduction and caused considerable genetic drift in the lagoon, suggesting that hatchery produced larvae are neither sustainable method for pearl culture nor for conserving the diversity of P. margaritifera in French Polynesia.
Successful conservation translocation: Population dynamics of tiger recovery in Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India
<p>Tiger (<em>Panthera tigris</em>) is an indicator species of ecological health and conservation efforts. Due to excessive poaching, the tiger was locally extinct in Panna Tiger Reserve, central India. Subsequent successful reintroduction efforts have brought the species back from the verge of extinction and have demonstrated the success of conservation translocations in response to such critical situations.</p> <p>To understand the demographic characteristics of the tigers reintroduced to Panna Tiger Reserve, we used an ensemble approach of different sampling techniques and direct observations from a long-term data-set spanning more than 10 years. We evaluated different demographic indicators (population status, growth rate, mean litter size, inter-birth interval, and survival probability).</p> <p>Since reintroduction in 2009, 18 females have recruited 120 cubs from 45 litters. This led to 59 individuals in 2021 with a growth rate of ~26%. The mean litter size was 2.66 (SE 0.1), and the inter-birth interval was 19.16 months (SE 0.5). The high survival rate of the reintroduced population (0.82±0.2) helped to achieve the success of reintroduction. We observed non-constant mortality trajectories for both sexes (higher survival probabilities for females) with a moderately higher risk of death in younger (<1 year) and older (>10 years) individuals.</p> <p>Our results showed the effectiveness of translocation and conservation efforts. The recovered population can be used as a founder for augmentation in other recovering tiger populations. A long-term tiger-centric management plan should be implemented in the area adjacent to Panna Tiger Reserve to conserve and secure the habitat of the entire landscape for the long-term survival of the reintroduced population in a metapopulation framework.</p>
Data from: Translocation of wild populations: conservation implications for the genetic diversity of the black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera
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Data from: Balancing genetic uniqueness and genetic variation in determining conservation and translocation strategies: a comprehensive case study of threatened dwarf galaxias, Galaxiella pusilla (Mack) (Pisces: Galaxiidae)
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Successful conservation translocation: Population dynamics of tiger recovery in Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India
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Data from: Conserving the genetic diversity of condemned populations: optimizing collections and translocation
<p>We generated SNP genotype data from two endangered plant species, <em>Pimelea spicata</em> and <em>Eucalyptus</em> sp. Cattai. For each, we genotyped plants from a population that was 'condemned,' or that would soon be destoyed. We used the genotype data to design ex situ germplasm collections that preserved the diversity in the condemned populations, in ways that were optimized. Here, we provide an archive of these SNP genotype data, and the code that was used to analyse these data, including the optimizations.</p>
Figure 2 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Figure 2 Phylogenetic relationships among the Hylobates species as represented by the NJ analysis. ML (Log Likelihood= -4326.23) and BI analysis produced similar topologies. Numbers above/below the branches represents bootstrap values for NJ, ML, and BI posterior probability, respectively. Only bootstrap values greater than 50% are shown.
Supplementary material 3 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Table S3
Figure 1 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Figure 1 Geographical distribution of Hylobates lar subspecies throughout South-East Asia (adapted from Thinh et al. 2010; Brockelman and Geissmann, 2020). Black squares represent individuals of known exact locations while blue squares indicated the approximate locations of the confiscated and surrendered individuals used in this study. Numbers on the map corresponds to the location in Table 1. The approximate location of the Isthmus of Kra, the Surat Thani-Krabi depression, and the Kangar-Pattani line are indicated by the grey, red, and green lines, respectively, marking the possible break among the Indochinese (carpenteri, entelloides, and yunnannesis) from the lar subspecies.
Supplementary material 2 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Table S2
Supplementary material 1 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Table S1.
Figure 3 from: Gani M, Rovie-Ryan JJ, Sitam FT, Kulaimi NAM, Zheng CC, Atiqah AN, Rahim NMA, Mohammed AA (2021) Taxonomic and genetic assessment of captive White-Handed Gibbons (Hylobates lar) in Peninsular Malaysia with implications towards conservation translocation and reintroduction programmes. ZooKeys 1076: 25-41. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1076.73262
Figure 3 Median-joining network (MJN) constructed showing the relationships among the H. lar haplotypes. Each circle size is proportional to the number of individuals in each haplotype. The numbers next to the nodes correspond to the haplotype designation as listed in Supplementary Material, Table S1. The lines connecting the haplotypes represent single mutations unless indicated otherwise (numbers in parentheses). Hypothetical haplotypes (median vectors) are represented by white circles.
Supplementary material 1 from: Koshev Y, Kachamakova M, Arangelov S, Ragyov D (2019) Translocations of European ground squirrel (Spermophilus citellus) along altitudinal gradient in Bulgaria – an overview. Nature Conservation 35: 63-95. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.35.30911
: Data type: Excel file
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.