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Fig. 6 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 6. In-life photographs of variations within Bolitoglossa bolanosi sp. nov. (A) Paratopotype male subadult UCR 22966, (B) paratype juvenile UCR 24247, (C) paratype adult female UCR 22421, and (D) paratype adult female UCR 24245. Photographs A and C by Erick Arias, B and D by Omar Zúñiga.

Fig. 5 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 5. Dorsal views of the hand and foot of the holotypes of (A–B) Bolitoglossa bolanosi sp. nov. (UCR 22965) and (C–D) B. pesrubra in preservation. Photograph by Erick Arias.

Fig. 4 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 4. Holotype of Bolitoglossa bolanosi sp. nov. (UCR 22965) in life on a white background. Photograph by Erick Arias.

Fig. 1 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 1. (A) Map showing the known populations of the species within the Bolitoglossa subpalmata species group. (B) Map showing the localities for B. bolanosi sp. nov. and the species close to it in the páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca. The open shapes indicate the historical data and the solid shapes indicate the localities with molecular data included herein.

Fig. 2 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 2. Bayesian phylogenetic inference shows the relationships of the Bolitoglossa subpalmata species group based on the 16S and cyt b mitochondrial DNA gene fragments. Bootstrap proportions from maximum likelihood are shown above the branches, and numbers below the branches are posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) from the MrBayes analysis. The scale bar refers to the estimated substitutions per site. The support values of any node within the species are not shown. The asterisks represent support>99. NV = no voucher.

Fig. 3 in A new species of salamander (Caudata: Plethodontidae: Bolitoglossa) from the subalpine rain páramo of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

Fig. 3. Linear discriminant analysis shows the morphological separation between the new species and the two species close to it.

FIGURE 8 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 8. Images showing the iridescent green chromatophores in the skin above the eyes and lower eyelids of the holotype of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 7 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 7. Images demonstrating the range of metachrosis that was observed in the holotype of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 6 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 6. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) color in life views of the holotype of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 5 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 5. Dorsal and ventral views of the right foot (A) and right hand (B) of the holotype of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 4 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 4. Images demonstrating the different aspects of the head of the holotype of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 2 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 2. Bayesian phylogenetic inference of the relationships of Bolitoglossa aurae sp. nov. within the B. robinsoni species group (green) based on the 16S and cyt b mitochondrial DNA genes. Bayesian posterior probabilities (multiplied by 100) are shown above the branch; maximum likelihood bootstrap values from the RAxML analysis are shown below the branches. The scale bar refers to the estimated substitutions per site.

FIGURE 1 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 1. Map showing the type locality for Bolitoglosssa aurae sp. nov. (red star) in the Cordillera de Talamanca. The localities for the other known members of the B. robinsoni species group are shown for comparison.

FIGURE 9 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 9. Images showing the light iridescent green chromatophores after three years of storage in 70% ethanol in the skin above the eyes and lower eyelids of the holotype. a) Natural colors and b) highlighting the presence of the chromatophores through hue modification. Photographs taken by BK.

FIGURE 10 in A beautiful new yellow salamander, genus Bolitoglossa (Caudata: Plethodontidae), from the northeastern slopes of the Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 10. Anterodorsal and anteroventral images of the holotypes of the members of the Bolitoglossa robinsoni species group. a) B. aurae sp. nov. [UCR 22842], b) B. aureogularis [UCR 19893], c) B. robinsoni [UCR 11216], and d) B. jugivagans [SMF = 94467]. Photographs in plates A, B, and C taken by BK; photographs in plate D courtesy of Gunther Köhler.

FIGURE 3 in A new species of dink frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Diasporus) from Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 3. Dorsum and venter of females (A), non reproductive males (B), males (C) and black male (D), illustrating the large variation in color and patterns in the population of Diasporus ventrimaculatus. The black male shows the female pattern and coloration (see text).

FIGURE 1 in A new species of dink frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Diasporus) from Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 1. Map of the Valle del Silencio area showing the Altamira-Valle del Silencio route (dotted line). Also shown are additional sites sampled during past expeditions. In the lower part is a close-up of the Valle del Silencio with the potential distribution of Diasporus ventrimaculatus marked with the red dot line.

FIGURE 2 in A new species of dink frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Diasporus) from Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 2. Photographs of a female (A), male (B) and juvenile (C) of Diasporus ventrimaculatus in life to show the sexual and ontogenetic and sexual polymorphism. A dorsal (D) and ventral (E) picture of the holotype in preservative is presented to show the white blotches distinctive of the new species.

FIGURE 4 in A new species of dink frog (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Diasporus) from Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica

FIGURE 4. Spectrogram and oscillogram of the mating call of Diasporus ventrimaculatus sp nov recorded at Valle del Silencio, Cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. A. Temporal parameters B. Detail of spectral parameters in a single pulse.