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18 results for “Corvid”
Linked collectors and determiners for: Corvids Literature Database.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Corvids Literature Database". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/829cf3b4-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a">https://bionomia.net/dataset/829cf3b4-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/829cf3b4-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a">https://gbif.org/dataset/829cf3b4-f762-11e1-a439-00145eb45e9a</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
DNA metabarcoding of corvid faecal samples
<p><span>Establishing methods that allow for more focused management of wildlife under predator pressure may increase the efficiency of managing problematic predators. Non-invasive dietary analysis and identification of conservation-sensitive prey in the diet of 'culprit' predator individuals could help to facilitate this and is worthy of exploration. Recently on Phillip Island, Australia, Little Ravens <em>Corvus mellori</em> have emerged as a prominent predator on the clutches of burrow-nesting Little Penguins <em>Eudyptula minor</em>. We tested the feasibility of using non-invasive PCR approaches targeting the penguin mitochondrial 16S rRNA marker gene to establish whether penguin DNA could be detected in raven faecal samples, potentially enabling the identification of culprit ravens missed by extensive field observation. Using a metabarcoding approach, we examined the feasibility of non-invasively establishing other dietary items via high throughput amplicon sequencing. We documented components of raven diet using the universal mitochondrial 16S rRNA, insect-specific 'Chiar' 16S rRNA, and plant ITS2. The assemblage of dietary items did not differ with raven culprit status (i.e. a raven previously observed preying upon penguin), sex, or date. Penguin was detected in the diet of some individuals classified observationally as non-culprits. While some cases may conceivably have been false detections, other explanations include missed depredation events, consumption via scavenging, or consumption through secondary consumption (e.g. eating invertebrates that have consumed penguin). While this study found metabarcoding unreliable for unambiguous assigning of raven culprit status, at least as we implemented it, it may hold promise complementing observations if consumption via scavenging can be distinguished from direct depredation.</span></p>
Wallacean and Melanesian islands promote higher rates of diversification within the global passerine radiation Corvides: Supplementary information
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>The complex island archipelagoes of Wallacea and Melanesia have provided empirical data behind integral theories in evolutionary biology, including allopatric speciation and island biogeography. Yet, questions regarding the relative impact of the layered biogeographic barriers, such as deep-water trenches and isolated island systems, on faunal diversification remain underexplored. One such barrier is Wallace's Line, a significant biogeographic boundary that largely separates Australian and Asian biodiversity. To assess the relative roles of biogeographic barriers—specifically isolated island systems and Wallace's Line—we investigated the tempo and mode of diversification in a diverse avian radiation, Corvides (Crows and Jays, Birds-of-paradise, Vangas, and allies). We combined a genus-level dataset of thousands of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and a species-level, 12-gene Sanger sequence matrix to produce a well-resolved supermatrix tree that we leveraged to explore the group's historical biogeography and effects of biogeographic barriers on their macroevolutionary dynamics. The tree is well-resolved and differs substantially from what has been used extensively for past comparative analyses within this group. We confirmed that Corvides, and its major constituent clades, arose in Australia and a burst of dispersal west across Wallace's Line occurred after the uplift of Wallacea during the mid-Miocene. We found that dispersal across this biogeographic barrier were generally rare, though westward dispersals were two times more frequent than eastward dispersals. Wallacea's central position between Sundaland and Sahul no doubt acted as a bridge for island-hopping dispersal out of Australia, across Wallace's Line, to colonize the rest of Earth. In addition, we found that the complex island archipelagos east of Wallace's Line harbor the highest rates of net diversification and are a substantial source of colonists to continental systems on both sides of this biogeographic barrier. Our results support emerging evidence that island systems, particularly the geologically complex archipelagoes of the Indo-pacific, are drivers of species diversification.<br></span></p>
Linking animal behaviour and tree recruitment: Caching decisions by a scatter hoarder corvid determine seed fate in a Mediterranean agroforestry system
<p><span>1. Seed dispersal by scatter-hoarder corvids is key for the establishment of important tree species from the Holarctic region such as the walnut (<em>Juglans regia</em>). However, the factors that drive animal decisions to cache seeds in specific locations and the consequences of these decisions on seed fate are poorly understood. </span></p> <p><span>2. We experimentally created four distinct, replicated habitat types in a Mediterranean agricultural landscape where the Eurasian magpie (<em>Pica</em> <em>pica</em>) is a common scatter-hoarder: soft bare soil; compacted bare soil; compacted soil with a dense herbaceous cover; and soft linear bare soil made up of the irrigation furrows that separated the rest of the treatments. We also experimentally placed visual landmarks (stones, sticks, and bunches of dry plants) to test if magpies use them to place seed caches. Walnut dispersal from feeders to the habitats was monitored by radio-tracking and camera traps. </span></p> <p><span>3. A sowing experiment simulating natural caches tested the effect of caching type on seed germination and seedling emergence. Seed mass was controlled for the dispersal and sowing experiments.</span></p> <p><span>4. Magpies selected the two habitats with soft soil, and avoided the one with compacted soil, to cache nuts. Seed mass did not affect dispersal distance, germination, or emergence; however, heavier seeds were cached more often under litter and in the habitat with herbaceous cover, whereas lighter seeds were more often buried in the soft bare soil habitat. Seed burial under soil or litter determined seed fate, as there was virtually no emergence from unburied nuts. There was no evidence of any effect of the visual landmarks.</span></p> <p>5. Synthesis. The consequences of seed caching for seedling early establishment are driven by a fine decision-making process of the disperser. Magpies seemed to ponder the characteristics of the habitat and the seed itself to determine where and how to cache each nut. By doing so, magpies reinforced the quality of seed dispersal effectiveness, as they cached walnuts in locations that enhanced both seed survival and seedling emergence.</p>
Linking animal behaviour and tree recruitment: Caching decisions by a scatter hoarder corvid determine seed fate in a Mediterranean agroforestry system
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DNA metabarcoding of corvid faecal samples
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Wallacean and Melanesian islands promote higher rates of diversification within the global passerine radiation Corvides: Supplementary information
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Data from: A supermatrix phylogeny of corvoid passerine birds (Aves: Corvides)
The Corvides (previously referred to as the core Corvoidea) are a morphologically diverse clade of passerine birds comprising nearly 800 species. The group originated some 30 million years ago in the proto-Papuan archipelago, to the north of Australia, from where lineages have dispersed and colonized all of the world's major continental and insular landmasses (except Antarctica). During the last decade multiple species-level phylogenies have been generated for individual corvoid families and more recently the inter-familial relationships have been resolved, based on phylogenetic analyses using multiple nuclear loci. In the current study we analyse eight nuclear and four mitochondrial loci to generate a dated phylogeny for the majority of corvoid species. This phylogeny includes 667 out of 780 species (85.5%), 141 out of 143 genera (98.6%) and all 31 currently recognized families, thus providing a baseline for comprehensive macroecological, macroevolutionary and biogeographical analyses. Using this phylogeny we assess the temporal consistency of the current taxonomic classification of families and genera. By adopting an approach that enforces temporal consistency by causing the fewest possible taxonomic changes to currently recognized families and genera, we find the current familial classification to be largely temporally consistent, whereas that of genera is not.
Data from: Context-dependent seed dispersal by a scatter-hoarding corvid
1. Corvids (crows, jays, magpies and nutcrackers) are important dispersers of large-seeded plants. Studies on captive or supplemented birds suggest that they flexibly adjust their scatter-hoarding behaviour to the context of social dynamics and relative seed availability. Because many corvid-dispersed trees show high annual variation in seed production, context-dependent foraging can have strong effects on natural corvid scatter-hoarding behaviour. 2. We investigated how seed availability and social dynamics affected scatter-hoarding in the island scrub jays (Aphelocoma insularis). We quantified rates of scatter-hoarding behaviour and territorial defence of 26 colour-marked birds over a three-year period with variable acorn crops. 3. We tested whether caching parameters were correlated with variation in annual seed production of oaks as predicted by the predator dispersal hypothesis, which states that caching rates and distances should vary with seed abundance in ways that benefit tree fitness. We also tested whether antagonistic interactions with conspecifics would affect scatter-hoarding adversely, as found in experimental studies. 4. Caching behaviour varied with acorn availability. Caching distances correlated positively with annual acorn crop size, increasing by as much as 40% between years. Caching rates declined over time in years with small acorn crops, but increased when crops were large. Acorn foraging and caching rates were also negatively correlated with rates of territorial aggression. Overall foraging rates, however, were not associated with aggression, suggesting that reduced dispersal rates were not simply due to time constraints. 5. Our field results support laboratory findings that caching rates and distances by scatter-hoarding corvids are context-dependent. Furthermore, our results are consistent with predictions of the predator dispersal hypothesis and suggest that large seed crops and social interactions among scatter-hoarders affect dispersal benefits for oaks and other masting tree species.
Dataset accompanying the article: West Nile virus surveillance using sentinel birds: results of eleven years of West Nile virus testing in corvids in a region of Northern Italy
<p>In this dataset are resumed the results of West Nile virus surveillance in sentinel corvids in the Emilia-Romagna region, Northern Italy. Overall, 15,632 European magpies (<em>Pica pica</em>), 4670 Hooded crows (<em>Corvus cornix</em>), and 2012 Eurasian jays (<em>Garrulus glandarius</em>) were collected between May and October 2013-2023. In the nine provinces of the region, birds were shot or captured using Larsen traps and killed by trained hunters by cervical dislocation in accordance with the provisions of the national legislation on animal welfare (Council Regulation (EC) 1099/2009). Sampling was carried out on a voluntary basis under the supervision of the official veterinary services, which ensured rapid delivery of the birds to the laboratory in charge of testing.</p> <p>From each sampled bird, heart, brain, kidney, and spleen were pooled, mechanically homogenized and tested by real-time PCRs to detect WNV RNA (Del Amo et al., 2013; Eiden et al., 2010; Tang et al., 2006). All tests were performed in the same laboratory (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna; IZSLER, Reggio Emilia site).</p> <p>The following data are available for statistical analysis: bird species, sampling date, sampling province, date of delivery to the laboratory, testing start date, test result, date of notification of positive result.</p> <p>In the same dataset are reported some data about incidence of human cases of disease due to West Nile virus infection (neurological disease or fever), per year, week, and province.</p> <p>The record trace is described in Table 1.</p> <p>References</p> <p>1. Del Amo, J., Sotelo, E., Fernández-Pinero, J., Gallardo, C., Llorente, F., Agüero, M., Jiménez-Clavero, M.A., 2013. A novel quantitative multiplex real-time RT-PCR for the simultaneous detection and differentiation of West Nile virus lineages 1 and 2, and of Usutu virus. J Virol Methods 189, 321–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.02.019</p> <p>2. Eiden, M., Vina-Rodriguez, A., Hoffmann, B., Ziegler, U., Groschup, M.H., 2010. Two new real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays with unique target sites for the specific and sensitive detection of lineages 1 and 2 West Nile virus strains. J Vet Diagn Invest 22, 748–753. https://doi.org/10.1177/104063871002200515 </p> <p>3. Tang, Y., Anne Hapip, C., Liu, B., Fang, C.T., 2006. Highly sensitive TaqMan RT-PCR assay for detection and quantification of both lineages of West Nile virus RNA. J Clin Virol 36, 177–182. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2006.02.008">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2006.02.008</a></p> <p> </p> <p>Table 1. Dataset record trace</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Field_name</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Description</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Year</p> </td> <td> <p>Year of sampling</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>province_CODE</p> </td> <td> <p>Italian code of the province of sampling</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>BIRD_species</p> </td> <td> <p>Bird species collected: magpie (Pica pica), hooded crow (Corvus cornix); jay (Garrulus glandarius)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>N_birds_collected</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of birds collected</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Sampling_ID</p> </td> <td> <p>Sampling code</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>dt_sampling</p> </td> <td> <p>Sampling date of birds</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>dt_delivery</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of delivery to the lab (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>dt_registration</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of registration of the lab (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>dt_analysis</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of analysis (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>dt_notification</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of result notification (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>WNV_PCR_Positive</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of birds with WNV Positive result (PCR)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>WNV_PCR_tested</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of birds tested (PCR)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>WNV_PCR_not_tested</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of birds not tested</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>WNV_PCR_Negative</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of birds with WNV Negative result (PCR)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>sampling_week_corvids</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of week of sampling (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>notification_week_corvids</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of week of result notification (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>num_WNhuman_cases</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of WN disease human cases</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>first_human_notification_dt</p> </td> <td> <p>Date of notification of the first human disease case</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>province_pop</p> </td> <td> <p>Province population</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>human_inc</p> </td> <td> <p>Incidence of human cases (x100,000)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>flag_season_human_cases</p> </td> <td> <p>Occurrence of WN human cases (1=Yes; 0=No)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>week_first human_case</p> </td> <td> <p>Number of week of notification of the first human disease case</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>early_detection_code</p> </td> <td> <p>Early detection code (1=first detection in birds; 0=first detection in human beings; 9=No case detection in human beings)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>province_sup_km2</p> </td> <td> <p>Province surface (km2)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>delta_sampling_lab</p> </td> <td> <p>Days from sampling to delivery to the lab (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>delta_lab_testing</p> </td> <td> <p>Days from lab registration to test (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>delta_testing_notification</p> </td> <td> <p>Days from testing to result notification (birds)</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>delta_sampling_notification</p> </td> <td> <p>Days from sampling to result notification (birds)</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p>
Corvid Corroboree LifeDesk (corvidae): Corvid Corroboree LifeDesk (104) DwCA
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Corvids optimize working memory by categorizing continuous stimuli
<p>This repository contains numerical source data for graphs and charts (in a MATLAB struct) presented in our main manuscript: Corvids optimize working memory by categorizing continuous stimuli (Apostel, Panichello, Buschman, Rose).</p> <p>Contact: aylin.klarer@ruhr-uni-bochum.de, jonas.rose@ruhr-uni-bochum.de</p>
Data from: Context-dependent seed dispersal by a scatter-hoarding corvid
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Data from: A supermatrix phylogeny of corvoid passerine birds (Aves: Corvides)
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Sex-specific effects of cooperative breeding and colonial nesting on prosociality in corvids
<p>The investigation of prosocial behavior is of particular interest from an evolutionary perspective. Comparisons of prosociality across non-human animal species have, however, so far largely focused on primates, and their interpretation is hampered by the diversity of paradigms and procedures used. Here we present the first systematic comparison of prosocial behavior across multiple species in a taxonomic group outside the primate order, namely the bird family Corvidae. We measured prosociality in 8 corvid species, which vary in the expression of cooperative breeding and colonial nesting. We show that cooperative breeding is positively associated with prosocial behavior across species. Also colonial nesting is associated with a stronger propensity for prosocial behavior, but only in males. The combined results of our study strongly suggest that both cooperative breeding and colonial nesting, which may both rely on heightened social tolerance at the nest, are likely evolutionary pathways to prosocial behavior in corvids.</p>
Data from: Does the colonization of new biogeographic regions influence the diversification and accumulation of clade richness among the Corvides (Aves: Passeriformes)?
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Data from: The influence of wing morphology upon the dispersal, geographical distributions and diversification of the Corvides (Aves; Passeriformes)
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Sex-specific effects of cooperative breeding and colonial nesting on prosociality in corvids
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.