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23 results for “Costus”
Dataset and R code: Above and belowground functional trait coordination in the Neotropical understory genus Costus
<p>Dataset and R code accompanying the paper "Above and belowground functional trait coordination in the Neotropical understory genus <em>Costus</em>" published by AoB Plants. </p>
Plate 3 a. Costus kupensis Maas & H.Maas. Basal inflorescence. – b. Costus lateriflorus Baker. Habit showing lateral inflorescences. – c. Costus tappenbeckianus J.Braun & K.Schum. Inflorescence with flower. – d. Costus lilaceus Maas & H.Maas. Lateral inflorescence. – e. Costus phyllocephalus K.Schum. Inflorescence. – f in Monograph of African Costaceae
Plate 3 a. Costus kupensis Maas & H.Maas. Basal inflorescence. – b. Costus lateriflorus Baker. Habit showing lateral inflorescences. – c. Costus tappenbeckianus J.Braun & K.Schum. Inflorescence with flower. – d. Costus lilaceus Maas & H.Maas. Lateral inflorescence. – e. Costus phyllocephalus K.Schum. Inflorescence. – f. Costus maboumiensis Pellegr. Inflorescence (a: Maas et al. 10575; b: photographed in Lyon Arboretum Hawaï, no specimen collected; c: Burgers' Bush number 20140016; d: photographed in Burgers' Bush, Arnhem, The Netherlands, no specimen collected; e: Maas et al. 10407; f: Maas et al. 10227). — Photos: a, c–f: P.J.M.Maas; b: J.Mood.
Fig. 3 Costus acutissimus Maas & H.Maas. a in Monograph of African Costaceae
Fig. 3 Costus acutissimus Maas & H.Maas. a. Habit showing distinct horizontal rims on base of shoot; b. bulbil in leaf axil; c. leaves with ligule; d. bract with 2 bracteoles and 2 calyces (a, b, d: Van Valkenburg et al. 2768, BR; c: Thomas et al. 7938, MO). — Drawing by Hendrik Rypkema.
Plate 1 a. Costus afer Ker Gawler. Flower. – b. Costus aureus Maas & H.Maas. Inflorescence. – c. Costus albiflos Maas & H.Maas. Inflorescence. – d. Costus dinklagei K in Monograph of African Costaceae
Plate 1 a. Costus afer Ker Gawler. Flower. – b. Costus aureus Maas & H.Maas. Inflorescence. – c. Costus albiflos Maas & H.Maas. Inflorescence. – d. Costus dinklagei K.Schum. Habit and details. – e. Paracostus englerianus (K.Schum) C.D.Specht. Habit with flower. – f. Costus ligularis Baker. Inflorescence (a: Maas et al. 10023; b: photographed in Ghana, no specimen collected; c: Maas et al. 10411; d: N. Hallé 4129, drawing in his collecting book; e: photographed in Botanical gardens Utrecht, no specimen collected; f: Maas et al. 9794). — Photos: a, c, f: P.J.M.Maas; b: T.R.van Andel; d: C.D.Specht; e: L.Y.T.Westra.
Fig. 5 Costus kupensis Maas & H.Maas. a. Habit showing 2 in Monograph of African Costaceae
Fig. 5 Costus kupensis Maas & H.Maas. a. Habit showing 2 basal inflorescences; b. leaves with ligules; c. bracteole, calyx and ovary; d. inflorescence with flower (a, b: Cheek 7111, K; c: Cable 2471, K; d: after slide of Cheek 7111). — Drawing by Hendrik Rypkema.
Fig. 4 Costus fenestralis Maas & H.Maas a in Monograph of African Costaceae
Fig. 4 Costus fenestralis Maas & H.Maas a. Habit showing few leaves in an apical rosette; b. detail of sheaths dilacerating into fibers; c. detail of withered bract; d. detail of bracteole and calyx; e. inflorescence (all: Jongkind et al. 5811, WAG). — Drawing by Hendrik Rypkema.
Plate 4 a. Costus macranthus K in Monograph of African Costaceae
Plate 4 a. Costus macranthus K.Schum. Habit, flower and details of stamen, stigma and style. – b. Costus nimba H.Maas & Maas. Basal inflorescence. – c. Costus spectabilis (Fenzl) K.Schum. Habit with flowers. – d. Costus lucanusianus J.Braun & K.Schum. Inflorescence with 4 flowers. – e. Costus talbottii Ridl. Flower. – f. Costus louisii H.Maas & Maas. Inflorescence (a: Wright 1905: t 7992; b: Jongkind 11301; c: photographed in Rumonge, SW Burundi, no specimen collected; d: Maas et al. 10000; e: Maas et al. 9800; f: Maas et al. 10339). — Photos: a, b, d–f: P.J.M.Maas; c: E. Fischer.
Evolutionary convergence on hummingbird pollination in Neotropical Costus provide insight into the causes of pollinator shifts
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Data for: Ecological and evolutionary origin of Costus flammulus (Costaceae): A new species from the montane cloud forests of the volcanic cordilleras in northern Costa Rica
<p><span><em>Costus</em> <em>flammulus</em> is a new herbaceous species endemic to montane cloud forests of </span><span>the volcanic cordilleras in northern Costa Rica. <em>Costus</em> <em>flammulus</em> has been mistaken </span><span>for <em>C</em>. <em>wilsonii</em>, but phylogenetic evidence demonstrates that it is closely related to the </span><span>widespread lowland species <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em>. Here, we used an integrated </span><span>framework of species concepts to evaluate whether <em>C</em>. <em>flammulus</em> and <em>C</em>. </span><span><em>pulverulentus</em> are distinct species. First, we re-evaluate prior phylogenetic analyses to </span><span>assess whether <em>C</em>. <em>flammulus</em> bifurcated from or budded off from within <em>C</em>. </span><span><em>pulverulentus</em> and whether <em>C</em>. <em>flammulus</em> is monophyletic. We then compare </span><span>phenotypic traits to determine which diagnostic vegetative and inflorescence traits can </span><span>be used to identify species in herbarium specimens and examine whether floral traits </span><span>may confer floral isolation. We compare pollinator assemblages to examine whether </span><span>pollinator specificity may contribute to reproductive isolation. Finally, we model species </span><span>distributions and climatic niche overlap to assess ecogeographic isolation. We found </span><span>that <em>C</em>. <em>flammulus</em> is a monophyletic species phenotypically, ecologically, and </span><span>geographically distinct from <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em> and may have speciated as a peripheral </span><span>isolate at the high elevation range edge of <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em>. Several lines of </span><span>evidence, such as <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em> paraphyly, range size asymmetry, and C. </span><span>flammulus' nested distribution and vegetative traits, suggest that <em>C</em>. <em>flammulus</em> </span><span>budded off from a <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em>‐like progenitor species, evolving to tolerate a </span><span>colder and more seasonal montane environment.</span></p>
Costus pulverulentus genome annotations
<p><span>The spiral gingers (<em>Costus</em> L.) are a pantropical genus of herbaceous perennial monocots; the Neotropical clade of <em>Costus</em> radiated rapidly in the past few million years into over 60 species. The Neotropical spiral gingers have a rich history of evolutionary and ecological research that can motivate and inform modern genetic investigations. Here, we present the first two chromosome-level genome assemblies in the genus, for <em>C. pulverulentus</em> and <em>C. lasius</em>, and briefly compare their synteny. We assembled the <em>C. pulverulentus</em> genome from a combination of short-read data, Chicago and Dovetail Hi-C chromatin-proximity sequencing, and alignment with a linkage map. We assembled the <em>C. lasius</em> genome with Pacific Biosciences HiFi long reads and alignment to the <em>C</em>. <em>pulverulentus</em> genome. These two assemblies are the first published genomes for non-cultivated tropical plants. These genomes solidify the spiral gingers as a model system and will facilitate research on the poorly understood genetic basis of tropical plant diversification. </span></p>
Data for: Ecological and evolutionary origin of Costus flammulus (Costaceae): A new species from the montane cloud forests of the volcanic cordilleras in northern Costa Rica
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Costus pulverulentus genome annotations
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An elevational gradient in floral traits and pollinator assemblages in the Neotropical species Costus guanaiensis var. Tarmicus in Peru
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Patterns of speciation are similar across mountainous and lowland regions for a Neotropical plant radiation (Costaceae: Costus)
High species richness and endemism in tropical mountains are recognized as major contributors to the latitudinal diversity gradient. The processes underlying mountain speciation, however, are largely untested. The prevalence of steep ecogeographic gradients and the geographic isolation of populations by topographic features are predicted to promote speciation in mountains. We evaluate these processes in a species-rich Neotropical genus of understory herbs that range from the lowlands to montane forests and have higher species richness in topographically complex regions. We ask whether climatic niche divergence, geographic isolation, and pollination shifts differ between mountain-influenced and lowland Amazonian sister pairs inferred from a 756-gene phylogeny. Neotropical <i>Costus</i> ancestors diverged in Central America during a period of mountain formation in the last 3 My with later colonization of Amazonia. Although climatic divergence, geographic isolation, and pollination shifts are prevalent in general, these factors don't differ between mountain-influenced and Amazonian sister pairs. Despite higher climatic niche and species diversity in the mountains, speciation modes in <i>Costus</i> appear similar across regions. Thus, greater species richness in tropical mountains may reflect differences in colonization history, diversification rates, or the prevalence of rapidly evolving plant life forms, rather than differences in speciation mode.
Data from: Adaptation to seasonal drought in two closely related species of Neotropical Costus (Costaceae)
Seasonal drought has been shown to greatly influence the distributions and species composition of plants in tropical rainforests. By conducting a series of field, greenhouse, and growth chamber experiments, we examined how Costus villosissimus, a forest edge species, has adapted to drought and differentiated from C. allenii, its closely related species in the understory. We hypothesize that delayed seed germination and high drought tolerance may lead to habitat differentiation and thus reproductive isolation between closely related plant species in the tropics.
Data from: Flower colour and visitation rates of Costus arabicus support the "bee avoidance" hypothesis for red-reflecting hummingbird-pollinated flowers
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Data from: Adaptation to seasonal drought in two closely related species of Neotropical Costus (Costaceae)
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Patterns of speciation are similar across mountainous and lowland regions for a Neotropical plant radiation (Costaceae: Costus)
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Figure 1 from: Specht C, Maas-van de Kamer H, Maas P (2012) Costus loangensis, an exciting new species from Gabon, Africa. PhytoKeys 18: 11-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713
Figure 1 - Photographs of Costus loangensis from the single known population. Photo credit: J.P. Vande weghe.
Figure 4 from: Specht C, Maas-van de Kamer H, Maas P (2012) Costus loangensis, an exciting new species from Gabon, Africa. PhytoKeys 18: 11-18. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.18.3713
Figure 4 - Phylogeny of African Costus species (Table 2) including newly described Costus loangensis. The phylogeny was constructed in PhyML (Guindon and Gascuel 2003) with aligned sequence data for two low copy nuclear markers [calmodulin (cam) intron (Johansen 2005) and rpb2 (Specht 2006a)] and nrDNA markers ITS and ETS. All nodes indicated have >50% bootstrap support.
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