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7 results for “Couroupita”
FIGURE 4. The Couroupita clade. A–J. C. guianensis. K-L. C. nicaraguarensis. A in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 4. The Couroupita clade. A–J. C. guianensis. K-L. C. nicaraguarensis. A. Flower (Mori et al. 25755, photos only). B. Medial longitudinal section of an ovary (see Mori & Prance, 1990 for vouchers for B, C, and D). Note that the placentae are located on the septa in the middle of the locule. C. Cross-section of an ovary. Note that the ovary is 6-locular. D. Medial longitudinal section of an androecium. Note that there is an appendage-free area between the staminal ring and the androecial hood. E. A tree showing the cauline infructescences and the cannon-ball shaped indehiscent fruits (unvouchered photo taken in Costa Rica). F. A mature fruit (unvouchered photo). Note the faint ring near the apex of the fruit indicating where the calyx-lobes were attached—this is called the calycine ring. The pimple-like structure in the middle of the apex of the fruit is the remnant style. G. Cross-section of a fruit (see Mori & Prance, 1990 for vouchers for G and H). Note that the interior of the fruit consists of six wedges that represent the six locules of the ovary. H. Medial longitudinal section of a fruit. Note the seeds embedded in the pulp. I. A seedling with expanded foliaceous cotyledons (I and J vouchered by Mori & Kallunki 3263). J. Seedling just after pulling free from the seed coat. Note the foliaceous cotyledons. K. Flower (Hernández et al. 661). L. Medial longitudinal section of an androecium (see Fig. 35 in Mori & Prance 1990 for vouchers). Note there are appendages along the entire length of the ligule and, thus, this species has continuous stamens from the staminal ring to the end of the staminal hood. Line drawings by B. Angell. Photos A, I, and J. by S. A. Mori, photo E. Photo by C. A. Gracie, and photo K by F. Hernández.
FIGURE 6. The Cariniana clade. A–D. C in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 6. The Cariniana clade. A–D. C. micrantha (see Mori & Lepsch-Cunha, 1995 for vouchers). E–K. C. parvifolia (see Mori, 1995 for vouchers). L–N. C. penduliflora (see Prance in Mori & Prance, 1979 for vouchers). A. Lateral view of an androecium. This species has a very short staminal tube. B. Lateral view of a turbinate fruit. C. Operculum with its long columella. D. Seeds with unilateral wings, which adapts the seeds for wind dispersal. E. Apical view of a flower. All species of Cariniana have six petals. F. Medial section of an androecium. This species has a staminal tube extension. G. Cross-section of a 3-locular ovary. All species of this genus are predominantly 3-locular. H. Medial section of an ovary showing the long, erect style and placentation on a slightly expanded lower septum. I. Lateral view of a fruit. J. Lateral view of an operculum and its columella. K. Seed with a unilateral wing. The line running through the wing is thought to be the funicle. L. Apical view of a flower. M. Lateral view of a flower with the petals removed. The staminal tube and staminal tube extension are well developed. N. Lateral view of a medial longitudinal section of a flower. Drawings A–D by A. Tangerini, E–K by B. Angell, and L–N by B. Moyer.
FIGURE 2. The Grias clade. A–D. G in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 2. The Grias clade. A–D. G. longirachis (Clark & Mori, 2000 for vouchers). E–J. G. purpuripetala (see Mori et al., 2010 for vouchers). A. Apical view of a flower. All species of this clade have four petals. B. Medial longitudinal section of a flower. All species of this clade have a thick and fleshy staminal tube with a lower and an upper chamber. In this species the lower chamber is very short. C. Cross-section of an immature fruit. All species of this clade have endocarp buttresses and usually have 4-locular ovaries. D. Fruit on the right and seed on the left. Note the endocarp buttresses showing in this dried fruit and the single seed with a very fragile seed coat. E. Large leaf characteristic of all species in this clade. F. Apical view of a flower on the left and cross-section of an ovary on the right. This flower is 3-locular but most likely it is a variant from the normal 4-locular ovary common to species of the genus. G. Medial longitudinal section of the androecium showing the stamens and the upper and lower chambers of the staminal tube. In this species the lower chamber is well developed. H. Medial longitudinal section of an ovary. All species of this clade have a few pendulous ovules from near the apex of the septum. This species appears to have a ring nectary but this characteristic is not apparent in all species of the clade. Drawings by B. Angell.
FIGURE 1 in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 1. Part of a jackknife tree generated using Xac (Farris, 1997) which is based on a combination of ndhF and trnL-F sequences. Only the clades treated in this paper are shown in this cladogram (Mori et al., 2007). The families and subfamilies making up the Lecythidaceae and its close relatives discussed in this paper and the genera representing them are the following: family Napoleonaeaceae (Napoleonaea), family Scytopetalaceae (Brasseia, Rhaptopetalum, Oubanguia, and Scytopetalum), subfamily Foetidioideae (Foetidia), subfamily Barringtonioideae (Petersianthus, Chydenanthus, Barringtonia), and subfamily Lecythidoideae (all remaining genera). This cladogram was modified by changing Cariniana decandra Ducke to Allantoma decandra by Huang et al. (2008).
FIGURE. 3. The Gustavia clade. A–D in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE. 3. The Gustavia clade. A–D. Gustavia augusta (see Mori, 1995 for vouchers). E–F. G. hexapetala (see Mori & Prance, 1993 for vouchers). F. G. elliptica (see Mori & Lepsch-Cunha, 1995 for vouchers). G. G. longifolia (Cornejo 8092). A. Actinomorphic flower (note that the stamens arise from the rim of a broad, thin-walled staminal tube, a combination of features found only in this clade) and leaves. B. Seed with aril. At maturity the seed is black and the aril is yellow. Only a few species have a conspicuous aril such as found in this species. C. Fruit. The fruit is indehiscent. D. Longitudinal section of an androecium. E. Cross-section of an ovary. Note that the ovary is 6-locular and alate—within the Gustavia clade, these are features found only in a group of species related to the G. hexapetala group. F. Lateral view of a fruit of G. hexapetala. G. Stamen with poricidally dehiscent anther, a character found only in this clade. H. Medial longitudinal section of an ovary. Note that the ovules are inserted on apical, expanded placentae, features found only in this clade. Drawings A–C by B. Angell, D–E by C. A. Gracie, F by A. Tangerini, and G by C. Carollo Matos.
FIGURE 5. The Allantoma clade. A–G. A in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 5. The Allantoma clade. A–G. A. lineata (see Prance & Mori, 1979 for vouchers for all but G based on Prance et al. 11618). H– M. A. decandra (H–J based on Ducke, 1925, vouchers not cited; K–M based on Krukoff 7193). A. Entire flower. All species of Allantoma have 5 petals. Note that the petals are curved downward at apices. B. Medial longitudinal section of a flower. Note that the stamens turn downward and that they are inserted both on the rim of the staminal tube as well as on the inside of the tube. C. Cross-section of the ovary. Note that it is usually 4-locular. D. Fruit base. Note that it is cylindrical throughout. E. Operculum with its long, tapered columella (= tackshaped). F. Immature seed. Note that it has a vestigial unilateral seed wing. G. Mature seed. Note that the vestigial wing has disappeared and that there is a notch where it was once attached. H. Bud. I. Bud with petals removed showing the broadly triangular calyx-lobes and the longest stamens. J. Androecium cut and spread open. Note that there are two sets of stamens, an alternating long set and a shorter set, and that both sets arise from the staminal tube rim and curve downward. K. Fruit base. Note that it tapers at the base and is slightly costate (at least when the fruits are dry). L. Operculum with its long columella. M. Mature seed with a well-developed unilateral wing at maturity. Drawings A–F by H. M. Fukuda and G, K–M by C. Carollo Matos. The artist for H–J is not known.
FIGURE 7. The Couratari clade. A–H. C in Toward a Phylogenetic-based Generic Classification of Neotropical Lecythidaceae- II. Status of Allantoma, Cariniana, Couratari, Couroupita, Grias and Gustavia
FIGURE 7. The Couratari clade. A–H. C. stellata (see Mori & Prance, 1990 for vouchers). I–L. C. oblongiflora (Fróes 1763). A. Androecium. Note the echinate exterior of the androecial hood. B. Medial longitudinal section of an androecium. Note the external flap. C. Lateral view of an ovary with two of the six calyx-lobes removed. Note the stylar collar. D. Cross-section of a 3-locular ovary which is characteristic of all species of Couratari. E. Base of a fruit. F. Operculum. Note the long columella. G. Seed with circumferential wing. H. Seedling with flattened stem and foliaceous cotyledons. I. Androecium. J. Staminal ring. Species of Couratari have fewer stamens than any other species of zygomorphic-flowered Lecythidaceae. Note the staminal ring lip. K. Medial longitudinal section of an androecium. Note the vestigial stamen nectaries at the apex of the coil. Eschweilera sensu lato is the only other genus with vestigial stamen nectaries. L. A stamen. Note the very short filament. Drawings by Bobbi Angell.
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