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113 results for “Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory”
NRCS-USFS Soil Moisture Measurements - Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, NC, 2022-2025
This dataset consists of soil moisture (volumetric water content and water potential), temperature, and electrical conductivity measurements at multiple depths within 12 soil pedons distributed across Watersheds 32 and 7 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from March 2022 to April 2025. This work is a part of a larger partnership between the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) to install, monitor and generate long-term soil moisture datasets across multiple forested watersheds in the U.S. Associated data packages from both the Fernow and Hubbard Brook Experimental Forests can be found on the EDI Data Portal. Dataset contributors: Project planning led by Carlos Quintero (USFS, ORISE), with help from Amos Stead (NRCS) and Tiffany Allen (NRCS) in site selection. Scientific and logistical support from Chris Oishi (USFS), Amanda Pennino (NRCS), and Erin Rooney (NRCS). Seth Strickland (USFS), Amos Stead (NRCS), Ann Tan (NRCS), and Tiffany Allen (NRCS) assisted with site installation. Site visits, data downloading, and logger maintenance was by Seth Strickland (USFS). The dataset was curated by Emily Piché (USFS, ORISE) and Amanda Pennino (NRCS). Overall partnership initiation and project management was by Stephanie Connolly (USFS) and Skye Wills (NRCS)
Measurements of Coarse Woody Debris %C and %N at the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrological Laboratory, Otto, NC.
Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a critical role in nutrient retention and cycling, including the cycling and retention of carbon and nitrogen. However, comparison studies of CWD in different forest types and elevation gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains are lacking. We measured CWD in five different forest communities/elevations at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab. A subsample of CWD in each plot was measured for percent C and percent N, as well as for cations.
Coarse Woody Debris Cations Measurements at the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrological Laboratory, Otto, NC.
Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays a critical role in nutrient retention and cycling, including the cycling and retention of carbon and nitrogen. However, comparison studies of CWD in different forest types and elevation gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains are lacking. We measured CWD in five different forest communities/elevations at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab. A subsample of CWD in each plot was measured for percent C and percent N, as well as for cations.
Plethodon study from removal plots located at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory
Recent research shows Plethodon shermani and Plethodon teyahalee within the hybrid zone at the Coweeta LTER in Otto, North Carolina forage heavily on ants (>50% of all prey items consumed; found in 94% of samples). As most vascular plants in the Southern Appalachians rely on ants for seed dispersal, this significant predation on ants, especially Aphaenogaster, reveals an intriguing and important relationship between these salamanders and the vascular plant abundance and distribution within their ecosystem. Additionally, consumption of ants increases with high temperatures and low relative humidity indicating that, with climate change, the effects of Plethodon foraging behavior on woodland biodiversity will be amplified. Using a paired design, we placed removal plots along an elevational gradient within the plethodon shermani-teyahalee hybrid zone at the Coweeta LTER to observe and quantify the effect of Plethodon foraging on ant communities, seed dispersal, and vascular plant distribution by removing the salamanders from treatment plots. Foraging rates of ants, with a focus on Aphaenogaster, were monitored at treatment and control plots using direct observation/counts of ants visiting tuna bait stations.
Terrestrial-Stream Biodiversity Litter Processing Datasets from Watershed 20 within the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory
Although litter decomposition is a fundamental ecological process, most of our understandings comes from studies of single-species decay. Recently, litter-mixing studies have tested whether monoculture data can be applied to mixed-litter systems. These studies have mainly attempted to detect non-additive effects of litter mixing, which address potential consequences of random species loss -- the focus is not on which species are lost, but the decline in diversity per se. Under global change, species loss is likely to be non-random, with some species more vulnerable to extinction than others. Under such scenarios, the effects of individual species (additivity) as well as of species interactions (non-additivity) on decomposition rates are of interest. To examine potential impacts of non-random species loss on ecosystems, we studied additive and non-additive effects of litter mixing on decomposition. A full-factorial litterbag experiment was conducted using four deciduous leaf species, from which mass loss and nitrogen content were measured. This study was conducted at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in Watershed 20 on Ball Creek that drains into Coweeta Creek, a tributary of the Little Tennessee River. Data were analyzed using a statistical approach that first looks for additive identiy effects based on the presence or absence of species and then significant species interactions occurring beyond those. It partitions non-additive effects into those caused by richness and/ or composition. This approach addresses questions key to understanding the potential effects of species loss on ecosystem processes. If additive effects dominate, the consequences for decomposition dynamics will be predictable based on our knowledge of individual species, but not statistically predictable if non-additive effects dominate.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 1) at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1992 to 1993
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 2) focusing on Rhododendrum leaf litter from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1994 to 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 3) from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 4) with a focus on greenfall from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 5) from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 6) from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1995 to 1996
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Litterfall on the elevational gradient (Group 7) in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1996 to 1998
Null Hypothesis: Litterfall weights are not statistically different between plots on the altitudinal gradient.
Dendrometer Band Measurements from the Coweeta LTER Terrestrial Gradient Sites, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Otto, North Carolina.
Trees for this project were banded with aluminum bands and growth increment markers to accurately measure tree growth at multiple times during the year. Trees were located on each of the five terrestrial gradient plots. Tree species, initial diameter, and subsequent calculated diameters are included for each tree.
Fine root dynamics along an elevational gradient in the southern Appalachian mountains in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1993 to 1994
Annual rates of fine root mass appearance and disappearance were calculated from samples of fine roots taken in soil cores over time on the five gradient plots.
Fine root dynamics along an elevational gradient in the southern Appalachian mountains in the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1994 to 1995 (lengths of fine root segments)
The lengths of fine root segments visible in photographs of roots growing against the windows of minirhizotron boxes were measured.
Canopy gradient frass from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1996 to 1998
Insect frass was collected for more than two years along an elevation gradient at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory.
Hourly gap microclimate measurements from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1993 and 1994
LTER Gap Project Overview Fact: Tree mortality at small spatial scales represents background levels of forest disturbance in the southern Appalachians, and is the dominant and most frequent initiator of change in terrestrial ecosystems. Hypothesis: Large-scale and rare episodic events (i.e., hurricanes, ice, etc.) may do more to influence tree replacement and stand composition in the long-run than do small scale tree mortality events. Overall Question: What is the ecological significance of small scale mortality events with respect to biotic and abiotic responses. Approach: Experimentally create typical (<300 m2) canopy gaps (girdling and herbicides) at two elevations in Rhododendron and non-Rhododendron areas. Measurements: -automated micro-environmental measurements (air and soil temperature), photosynthetically active radiation, %WC. -hemispherical photography -dendrometer bands and repeated measurements -population dynamics and seedling physiology -in situ closed core N mineralization and nitrification -small and large mammal seed and plant herbivory using exclosures Specific Questions: 1) How are microclimate and nutrient (N) cycling affected by small scale canopy removal? 2) What are the physiological and productivity responses of advanced regeneration? 3) What is the productivity response of non-gap-maker trees (dominants, co-dominant, and saplings)? 4) What strategy for recovery is most likely (seedling recruitment, sapling ingrowth, canopy closure)? 5) How do all of the above relate to/regulate each other? 6) What is the effect of elevation on response? 7) How do responses differ in Rhododendron versus non-Rhododendron areas?
Gap dendrometer band measurements at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1992 to 2000 (Circumference measurements)
Tree mortality at small spatial scales represents background levels of forest disturbance in the southern Appalachians, and is the dominant and most frequent initiator of change in terrestrial ecosystems. Large-scale and rare episodic events (i.e., hurricanes, ice, etc.) may do more to influence tree replacement and stand composition in the long-run than do small scale tree mortality events. What is the ecological significance of small scale mortality events with respect to biotic and abiotic responses? We experimentally created typical (<300 m2) canopy gaps (girdling and herbicides) at two elevations in Rhododendron and non-Rhododendron areas. The measurements in this study included automated micro-environmental measurements (air and soil temperature), photosynthetically active radiation, %WC, hemispherical photography, dendrometer bands and repeated measurements, population dynamics and seedling physiology, in situ closed core N mineralization and nitrification, and small and large mammal seed and plant herbivory using exclosures. Here are some specific questions relating to this study. How are microclimate and nutrient (N) cycling affected by small scale canopy removal? What are the physiological and productivity responses of advanced regeneration? What is the productivity response of non-gap-maker trees (dominants, co-dominant, and saplings)? What strategy for recovery is most likely (seedling recruitment, sapling ingrowth, canopy closure)? How do all of the above relate to/regulate each other? What is the effect of elevation on response? How do responses differ in Rhododendron versus non-Rhododendron areas?
Effects of Hurricane Opal on foliar chemistry and insect herbivores at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1997: foliar chemistry data
Hurricane damage results in tree mortality and variation in both light and nutrient availability for the individuals that remain. In turn, resource availability influences the interactions between plants and insect herbivores. We report effects of Hurricane Opal on the phenolic chemistry and levels of defoliation on surviving trees at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in North Carolina. We measured foliar astringency, hydrolysable tannins, and condensed tannins in the foliage of red maple and red oak saplings in hurricane damaged and undamaged sites. We estimated inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus availability in the soil, and the accumulated leaf area removed by insect herbivores. The foliar astringency of both red maple and red oak was higher in sites damaged by the hurricane. Later in the growing season, condensed tannin levels were significantly higher in the foliage of red oak in damaged sites. There were no consistent differences in ammonium, nitrate, or phosphate availability between damaged and undamaged sites. Despite higher foliar astringency of trees in sites damaged by Hurricane Opal, levels of defoliation by insect herbivores were higher in damaged than in control sites on both tree species. Apparent increases in putative defensive compounds following hurricane damage did not protect trees from herbivory.
Probing the mechanisms by which sub-canopy evergreen shrubs inhibit tree seedling recruitment at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1999 to 2003
Two hundred 2x2 meter plots along transects and traversing 3 understory conditions; rhododendron, kalmia, open. Light conditions will be assessed for each plot and the extreme 50% will be used for experimentation. All plots will be planted to a combination of northern red oak, chestnut oak, red maple, and pitch pine. Inoculated (with mychorrizae) and non-inoculated seedlings will be planted in the plots. Relationships between performance and mychorrizal infection will be determined.
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