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9 results for “Cracks in concrete”
VoroCrack3d: An annotated data set of 3d CT concrete images with synthetic crack structures
<p>VoroCrack3d is an annotated data set of 3d CT images of concrete with synthetic crack structures. Its main purpose is the training and testing of machine learning models for 3d crack segmentation. The data set comprises 1344 images together with their corresponding ground truths. The concrete backgrounds are cropped out sections of size 400x400x400 voxels of CT images of concrete. To this end, several different concrete samples were scanned (normal concrete (NC), high-performance concrete (HPC), ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), air pore concrete; without and with reinforcements (straight steel fibers, crimped steel fibers, hooked-end steel fibers, polypropylene fibers, fibers made of glass fiber-reinforced polymer). The original concrete images have a resolution between 2.8 and 106 micrometers.</p> <p>The crack structures are modeled via minimum-weight surfaces in Voronoi diagrams according to the paper</p> <p>[1] C. Jung, C. Redenbach, Crack Modeling via Minimum-Weight Surfaces in 3d Voronoi Diagrams, Journal of Mathematics in Industry, 13, 10 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13362-023-00138-1.</p> <p>The surfaces are discretized, dilated and superimposed on the concrete backgrounds.</p> <p>The data set offers a high variety regarding concrete types, noise levels and crack widths, shapes, regularity and branching. This makes it suitable for studying the generalizability and robustness of 3d crack segmentation methods.</p> <p>______________________________________________________________________________________________</p> <p>The folder 'data' contains seven subfolders, each containing the data generated from a specific concrete type (NC, HPC, air pore concrete, polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete, steel fiber-reinforced concrete (straight, crimped and hooked-end steel fibers)).</p> <p>Each subfolder again contains four subfolders according to the point process model that was used for generating the 3d Voronoi diagrams. The point processes and Voronoi diagrams are restricted to windows of size 400x150x400. </p> <p>- 'hc': Hard core point process with 60% volume density and intensity 0.000025 obtained from force-biased sphere packing.<br>- 'matclust': Matérn cluster process with parent intensity 0.0002/50, offspring intensity 50 and cluster radius 20.<br>- 'ppp': Poisson point process with intensity 0.0002.<br>- 'ppp-scaled': Poisson point process with intensity 0.0002 (but inside 200x150x200 window). The resulting Voronoi diagram is stretched in x- and z- direction by a factor of 2.</p> <p>Each of these contains five subfolders: one for the 3d input images, two for the corresponding labels (ground truths; one with and one without pores/fibers), one for the input and label previews (slice z=200 for each of the images) and a misc folder containing the concrete background without crack and, if applicable, the pore/fiber segmentation image.</p> <p>The data itself then contains 48 images:<br>1a-1d: crack with up to seven branches; fixed crack width (~1 voxel).<br>2a-2d: crack with up to four branches; fixed crack width (~1 voxel).<br>3a-3d: crack with up to one branch; fixed crack width (~1 voxel).<br>4a-4d: crack with no branches; fixed crack width (~1 voxel).<br>5a-5d: crack with no branches; fixed crack width (~3 voxels).<br>6a-6d: crack with no branches; fixed crack width (~5 voxels).<br>7a-7d: crack with no branches; fixed crack width (~7 voxels).<br>8a-8d: crack with up to seven branches; multiscale crack (bernoulli parameter 0.01);<br>9a-9d: crack with up to seven branches; multiscale crack (bernoulli parameter 0.02);<br>10a-10d: crack with up to seven branches; multiscale crack (bernoulli parameter 0.05);<br>11a-11d: crack with up to seven branches; multiscale crack (bernoulli parameter 0.1);<br>12a-12d: crack with up to seven branches; multiscale crack (bernoulli parameter 0.2);</p> <p>The names 'a'-'d' indicate level of added noise added to the image:<br>a: None.<br>b: Uniformly on [-sigma,sigma] <br>c: Uniformly on [-2*sigma,2*sigma] <br>d: Uniformly on [-4*sigma,4*sigma] <br>Negative values are mapped to 0. <br>For inputs of type int, noise values are rounded to the nearest integer.<br>(sigma = standard deviation of voxel greyvalues in image)</p> <p>Note that the grey values in the ground truths correspond to the local crack width. They can be thresholded to obtain binary masks.</p> <p>For more details, we refer to [1].</p>
Deposition of data for developing deep learning models to assess crack width and self-healing progress in concrete (krkCMd)
<p>This is a deposition of data for developing deep learning models to assess crack width and self-healing progress in concrete [1]. It relates to an experimental study on the autogenous self-healing of high-strength concrete [2]. Concrete specimens were prepared, matured, cracked, and exposed to self-healing. High-resolution scanning of the specimen surface and scale-invariant image processing were performed, multiple grid lines crossing cracks were established, and brightness degree profiles were extracted. Then, manual measurements of the crack widths were obtained by an operator.</p> <p>The dataset comprises 19,098 records of brightness profiles, reference crack width measurements, and benchmark measurements by deep learning and analytic models. The source images, which were stacked and marked with grid lines, are provided. The considerable number of brightness profiles coupled with manual reference measurements make the dataset well suited for developing an image-based deep learning models or analytic algorithms for assessing crack widths in concrete.</p> <p>The deposited data includes:</p> <ul> <li>krkCMd_table.csv: delimited, comma-separated text file containing a dataset of 19,098 crack brightness degree profiles, reference crack width measurements by operator, and benchmark measurements by a deep CNN metasensor and by an analytic edge detector.</li> <li>krkCMd_images.zip: archive containing source image files in folders by test series: <br>- stacked images of cracks in subsequent stages of self-healing (.tif files),<br>- zip archives assigned to image stacks and containing sets of ImageJ data files .roi,<br>- ImageJ .roi files specifying the locations of grid lines in the images.</li> <li>krkCMd_scripts.zip: archive containing custom scripts supporting image preprocessing and computing benchmark variables.</li> </ul> <p><span>For details please see the <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04485-z">data descriptor [1]</a>. When referring to the data in publications please cite [1].</span></p> <p>[1] Jakubowski, J., Tomczak, K. Dataset for developing deep learning models to assess crack width and self-healing progress in concrete. <em>Sci Data</em> <strong>12</strong>, 165 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-025-04485-z</p> <p>[2] Jakubowski, J. & Tomczak, K. Deep learning metasensor for crack-width assessment and self-healing evaluation in concrete. <em>Constr. Build. Mater.</em> <strong>422</strong>, 135768 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135768</p>
NCCD-PF - A pre-failure narrow concrete cracks dataset for engineering structures damage classification and semantic segmentation
<p>The NCCD-PF dataset was developed for the classification and semantic segmentation of narrow concrete cracks in engineering structures elements at the pre-failure state. It only includes cracks whose width is narrower than 0.3 mm, i.e. the limit value specified in EC 1992-1-1 for typical elements of engineering structures and environmental conditions.</p> <p>This dataset is dedicated to the early crack detection at a stage when the serviceability limit state has not yet been exceeded and the failure of a structural element has not occurred. By implementing the early crack detection approach, it is possible to protect cracks in order to stop or slow down their propagation and thus to extend the structure's lifespan.</p> <p>This dataset contains images of cracks appearing on various elements of engineering structures (bridges, viaducts, tunnels) made of reinforced concrete (including abutments, tunnel walls, concrete barriers, pillars). The images were captured on construction sites and during inspections of engineering structures, at different stages of the reinforced concrete structure's working conditions - from the construction stage (when the elements are loaded only by their own weight) to the structure's use stage (when the elements are loaded by most of the design loads). The images are also differentiated by the cause of the cracking (ex., thermal and shrinkage stresses in young concrete, excessive stresses). The images were acquired using fixed-focus cameras without prior conditioning in order to represent the real working conditions of a bridge engineer during structural inspections. The images are characterised by a high degree of complexity due to the quality of the concrete surface finish (e.g. presence of formwork marks, concrete trowel marks), which could potentially be recognised as cracks.</p> <p>This dataset is dedicated to researchers working in the fields of computer vision, machine learning and deep learning. In particular, it contains domain knowledge in structural health monitoring, so that it can support the work of engineers in detecting cracks of concrete elements in a pre-failure state.</p> <p>A detailed description of the dataset is presented in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-023-02839-z" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A pre-failure narrow concrete cracks dataset for engineering structures damage classification and segmentation</a> (DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02839-z).</p>
Crack width and crack spacing in reinforced and prestressed concrete elements: database
<p>This database contains information on 31 experimental programs performed by various researchers. Each experimental program contains structural elements in which the crack width and spacing were measured. The database contains over twenty thousand data points and consists of three levels:</p> <ul> <li>Level 1: Describes the considered experimental program.</li> <li>Level 2: Describes properties of structural elements and material specimens within an experimental program.</li> <li>Level 3: Describes the loads and data points.</li> </ul> <p>The master database is queried in SQL and published as a .xlsx file. The structure of the dataset is explained in the README.</p> <p> </p>
Data of "Ultra-thin Strain Hardening Cementitious Composite (SHCC) layer in reinforced concrete cover zone for crack width control"
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Assessing instantaneous stiffness of cracked reinforced concrete beams based on crack depths
<p>The crack presence changes the shape or size of sections in reinforced concrete beams, and greatly affects the section inertias and the beam stiffness. To assess the instantaneous stiffness of the cracked beams, a method is proposed based on the exact crack depth. The region affected by cracks is determined firstly, and different nonlinear strain distributions are modeled in the effect region to describe the change of concrete strains caused by cracks. The internal force equilibria are adopted to find a solution to the top strain and neutral axis, and according to the solution, the inertias of key sections are calculated to assess the beam stiffness. The proposed method has been validated using experimental results obtained from two-stage tests on five reinforced concrete beams. The dataset stores valuable results calculated by the proposed method.</p>
Dataset for: Fiber optic sensing of concrete cracking and rebar deformation using several types of cable
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Mitigating Reflective Cracking Through the Use of a Ductile Concrete Interlayer
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18PLSU13. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"Reflective cracking is considered one of the most important issues that causes premature deterioration of composite pavements. Many types of mitigation methods have been studied in the past. However, they are either not effective in delaying the reflective cracking, or they only extend the service life by a few years. To address this critical issue and significantly extend the service life of the composite pavement, in this research, a ductile interlayer made of engineered cementitious composites (ECC) was proposed. It was hypothesized that by adding a thin layer of highly ductile ECC material between the existing pavement and overlay, reflective cracking could be arrested by the ductile interlayer. This study experimentally evaluated the effectiveness of ECC as an interlayer system. A laboratory test protocol was designed to simulate repeated traffic loads to measure the fatigue performance of ECC interlayer system. The strain field and reflective cracking were monitored using digital image correlation (DIC) technique. It was found that the composite pavement specimens with ECC interlayer provided significantly higher fatigue life as compared to the control specimens without an interlayer. The failure mode also changed from single reflective crack to multiple cracks in overlaid HMA mixtures. The results indicated that ECC could be used as a potential effective interlayer system to retard or mitigate reflective cracking."</p>
Environmental and economic sustainability of crack mitigation in reinforced concrete with SuperAbsorbent polymers (SAPs)
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