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8 results for “Crangonyx islandicus”
Contrasting phylogeographic patterns of mitochondrial and genome-wide variation in the groundwater amphipod (Crangonyx islandicus) that survived the Ice age in Iceland
<p>In this zip "DataAvailability.zip" all the data and parameter files, as well as R scripts and bash codes used to perform the analyses of the mitochondrial and the RADseq data are provided. A ReadMe file is available at the root describing the content of the different folders and files.</p> <p>Below is the abstract of the associated manuscript:</p> <p>Analysis of phylogeographic patterns have often been based on mitochondrial DNA variation, but recent analyses dealing with nuclear DNA have in some instances revealed mito-nuclear discordances and complex evolutionary histories. These enigmatic scenarios which may involve stochastic lineage sorting, ancestral hybridization, past dispersal, and secondary contacts are increasingly scrutinized with a new generation of genomic tools such as RADseq, which pose also additional analytical challenges. Here, we revisited the previously inconclusive phylogeographic history, showing mito-nuclear discordance, of an endemic groundwater amphipod from Iceland, <em>Crangonyx islandicus,</em> which is the only metazoan known to have survived the Pleistocene beneath the glaciers. Previous studies based on three DNA markers documented a mitochondrial scenario with the main divergence occurring between populations in northern Iceland and an ITS scenario with the main divergence between the south and north. We used double digest restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to clarify this mito-nuclear discordance by applying several statistical methods while estimating the sensitivity to different analytical approaches (data-type, differentiation indices and base call uncertainty). A majority of nuclear markers and methods support the ITS divergence. Nevertheless, a more complex scenario emerges, possibly involving introgression led by male-biased dispersal among northern locations or mitochondrial capture which may have been further strengthened by natural selection.</p>
FIGURE 5 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 5. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. A, pereopod 6. B, coxa of pereopod 6. C, pereopod 7. D, spines distally on carpus of pereopod 7. E, pleopod 1. F, pleopod 2. G, pleopod 3. Scale: A–C = 0.5 mm; D = 0.1 mm; E–G = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 2. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. A, antenna 1. B, distal part of flagellum of antenna 1. C, accessory flagellum of antenna 1. D, antenna 2. E, upper lip. F, left mandible, G, lacina mobilis and incisor. H, mandibular palp. I, lower lip. J, maxilla 1. K, maxilla 2. Scale: A, B = 0.5; C–K = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 7. Sites with C in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 7. Sites with C. islandicus sp. nov. in Iceland. The large recent glaciers, i.e. Langjökull, Hofsjökull and Vatnajökull, are shown, as well as the large lakes, i.e. Lake Thingvallavatn and Lake Myvatn. Recent lava fields (since last glaciation; <18.000 years, shaded area) are shown as well as the plate boundaries. Source: Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland.
FIGURE 6 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 6. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. A, uropod 1. B, uropod 2. C, uropod 3. D, uropod 3 and telson. E, telson. Scale: A–D = 0.5 mm; E = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 3. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. A, maxilliped. B, outer plate of maxilliped. C, inner plate of maxilliped. D, gnathopod 1. E, propodus and dactylus of gnathopod 1. F, short spines medially on gnathopod 1, in relation to largest two lateral bifid spines. G, gnathopod 2. H, distal part of propodus and dactylus of gnathopod 2. Scale: A = 0.5 mm; B, C, E, H = 0.5 mm; D, G = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 1. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. Habitus. Scale: 1 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., a subterranean freshwater amphipod (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Crangonyctidae) from springs in lava fields in Iceland
FIGURE 4. Crangonyx islandicus sp. nov., female paratype, 6.2 mm, Vatnsvik. A, pereopod 3. B,
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