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11 results for “DNA-based association”
Data collected by fruit body– and DNA-based survey methods yield consistent species-to-species association networks in wood-inhabiting fungal communities
<p>Inferring interspecific interactions indirectly from community data is of central interest in community ecology. Data on species communities can be surveyed using different methods, each of which may differ in the amount and type of species detected, and thus produce varying information on interaction networks. Since fruit bodies reflect only a fraction of the woodinhabiting fungal diversity, there is an ongoing debate in fungal ecology on whether fruit body– based surveys are a valid method for studying fungal community dynamics compared to surveys based on DNA metabarcoding. In this paper, we focus on species-to-species associations and ask whether the associations inferred from data collected by fruit-body surveys reflect the ones found from data collected by DNA-based surveys. We estimate and compare the association networks resulting from different survey methods using a joint species distribution model. We recorded both raw and residual associations that respectively do not and do correct for the influence of the abiotic predictors when estimating the species-to-species associations. The analyses of the DNA data yielded a larger number of species-to-species associations than the analyses of the fruit body–based data as expected. Yet, we estimated unique associations also from the fruit-body data. Our results show that the directions of estimated residual associations were consistent between the data types, whereas the raw associations were much less consistent, highlighting the need to account for the influence of relevant environmental covariates when estimating association networks. We conclude that even though DNA-based survey methods are more informative about the total number of interacting species, fruit-body surveys are also an adequate method for inferring association networks in wood-inhabiting fungi. Since the DNA and fruit-body data carry on complementary information on fungal communities, the most comprehensive insights are obtained by combining the two survey methods.</p>
Data collected by fruit body– and DNA-based survey methods yield consistent species-to-species association networks in wood-inhabiting fungal communities
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FIGURES 13–19. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology
FIGURES 13–19. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 13, metathorax and abdominal segments I–III, right lateral (dotted oval = seta-less section between dorsal setae and lateral protuberance setae; arrows point to presegmental dorsal gills in close contact). 14, abdominal segments I and II, ventral (ce = chloride epithelium). 15, abdominal segment III, anterior section, right lateral (f = forked lamellae; l = lateral fringe). 16, posterior end of abdomen, right lateral. 17, posterior end of abdomen, dorsal (ds = dorsal setae on abdominal segment VIII; arrow points to long dorsal seta). 18, larval case, dorsal. 19, larval case, right lateral. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (except Fig. 15: 0.1 mm).
FIGURES 7–12. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology
FIGURES 7–12. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 7, head and pro- and mesothoraces, lateral (arrow = prosternal horn). 8, thorax, dorsal (sa1–sa3 = setal areas 1–3). 9, left foreleg, posterior face. 10, left midleg, posterior face (arrow = claw seta originating from subapical socket). 11, left hind leg, posterior face (arrows = proximodorsal setae). 12, abdominal segment I, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 1 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology
FIGURE 1. Bayesian/MCMC phylogeny of 18 Apatania species, including the herein associated life stages of A. theischingerorum. Dots on nodes indicate posterior probabilities ±0.95. Given are BOLD sequence and process IDs, including the new sequences for A. theischingerorum (SPAPA009-18–SPAPA016-18).
FIGURES 20–24. Apatania spp. 20–23, Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology
FIGURES 20–24. Apatania spp. 20–23, Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981: 20, female genitalia, left lateral, specimen from Albacete; 21, female genitalia, left lateral, specimen from Teruel; 22, adult female at Guadalaviar River (Teruel); 23, pupal aggregation in Arroyofrío (Albacete). Scale bar: 0.5 mm (except Fig. 23: 1 mm). 24, Apatania fimbriata (Pictet 1834), 5th instar larva, abdominal segments I to III, right lateral (dotted oval = continuous setal band between dorsal setae and lateral protuberance setae). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 2–6. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5 in DNA-based association and description of the larval stage of Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981 (Trichoptera, Apataniidae), with notes on its ecology
FIGURES 2–6. Apatania theischingerorum Malicky 1981, 5th instar larva. 2, head, frontal (arrow = antenna; small white numbers = setal positions #9, 14, 15). 3, head, right posterolateral. 4, detail of frontoclypeus (arrows = alveolae of frontoclypeal setae #5; a = median separation of alveolae; b = distance of alveola to nearest frontoclypeal margin). 5, head, ventral. 6, left anterolateral edge of pronotum, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 15 in Morphological description and DNA-based association of the last instar larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), an endemic of the Iberian Peninsula
FIGURE 15. Los Alcornocales Natural Park. Garganta de la Cierva: Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982 habitat.
FIGURES 6–10 in Morphological description and DNA-based association of the last instar larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), an endemic of the Iberian Peninsula
FIGURES 6–10. Larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982: (6) thorax, ventral; metanotal setae, red arrows; (7) left legs, posterior/lateral face, left lateral; pale band on tibia and tarsus of hind leg, red arrows; (8) head, prothorax, legs, left lateral; foretrochantin, red arrow; (9) habitus, left lateral; start and end of left lateral fringe, red arrows; dorsal and left lateral protuberances of abdominal segment I, black arrows; (10) metathorax, abdominal segments I and II, right lateral; right lateral protuberance with sclerite and one seta, red arrow. All figures scale: 1 mm.
FIGURES 1–5 in Morphological description and DNA-based association of the last instar larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), an endemic of the Iberian Peninsula
FIGURES 1–5. Larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982: (1) head capsule, dorsal; antennal apical seta, black arrow; dorsal branch of ecdysial line, red arrow; (2) head capsule, right lateral; dorsal branch of ecdysial line, red arrow; (3) left mandible, ventral; (4) head capsule, ventral; (5) head, thorax, abdominal segment I, dorsal; single seta on each of metanotal setal areas sa2 and sa3, red arrows; single seta on each dorsal setal area sa2 of abdominal segment I, red circle). All figures scale: 1 mm, except (3) scale: 0.5 mm.
FIGURES 11–14 in Morphological description and DNA-based association of the last instar larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae), an endemic of the Iberian Peninsula
FIGURES 11–14. Larva of Erotesis schachti Malicky 1982: (11) last abdominal segments, dorsal; dorsolateral setae on abdominal segment IX, red arrows; (12) last abdominal segments, right lateral; (13) tip of abdomen, ventral; (14) larval cases. All figures scale: 1 mm.
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