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128 results for “Dactyloidae”
Figure 1. A in The predator becomes the prey: the katydid Erechthis gundlachi Bolívar, 1888 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) feeding upon the Cuban lizard Anolis homolechis (Cope, 1864) (Squamata: Dactyloidae), with some notes on Hispaniolan Erechthis Bolívar, 1888
Figure 1. A. Male of Anolis viridius Köhler & Blair Hedges, 2016 preying upon Erechthis ayiti at Polo, Bahoruco, southwestern Dominican Republic. B. Female of Anolis cyanostictus Mertens, 1939 preying upon a juvenile female unidentified Conocephalinae at National Botanical Garden, Santo Domingo, southern Dominican Republic. Photos courtesy Fr. Alejandro Sánchez.
Figure 2. Adult female Erechthis gundlachi predating upon a in The predator becomes the prey: the katydid Erechthis gundlachi Bolívar, 1888 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) feeding upon the Cuban lizard Anolis homolechis (Cope, 1864) (Squamata: Dactyloidae), with some notes on Hispaniolan Erechthis Bolívar, 1888
Figure 2. Adult female Erechthis gundlachi predating upon a juvenile male Anolis homolechis at La Gran Piedra, Santiago de Cuba, southeastern Cuba: A. Photographed at nature when found. B. Photographed after preservation, with millimetric scale for reference.
Fig. 3 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 3. (A) Average hourly variation of body temperature (Tb) and operative temperatures (T e) of light exposed, shaded and all models in function of time of the day. Striped area corresponds to preferred temperature interval. (B) Daily activity pattern of Anolis heterodermus (Duméril, 1851).
Fig. 2 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 2. Frequency of body (T b) and operative (T e) temperatures during wet and dry season in Anolis heterodermus (Duméril, 1851). Average values are shown by black arrows. Striped area corresponds to averaged preferred temperature (T pref) interval for both seasons.
Fig. 1 in Thermoregulation in the Andean lizard Anolis heterodermus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) at high elevation in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia
Fig. 1. Thermal gradient scheme: (A) shrubs to create a suitable habitat for liZards in the gradient; (B) cooling packs.
A morphometric assessment of species boundaries in a widespread anole lizard (Squamata: Dactyloidae)
<p>Cryptic species - genetically distinct species that are morphologically difficult to distinguish - present challenges to systematists. Operationally, cryptic species are very difficult to identify and sole usage of genetic data or morphological data can fail to recognize evolutionarily isolated lineages. We use morphometric data to test species boundaries hypothesized with genetic data in the North Caribbean Bark Anole (<i>Anolis distichus</i>), a suspected species complex. We use univariate and multivariate analyses to test if candidate species based on genetic data can be accurately diagnosed. We also test alternate species delimitation scenarios with a model fitting approach that evaluates normal mixture models capable of identifying morphological clusters. Our analyses reject the hypothesis that the candidate species are diagnosable. Neither uni- nor multivariate morphometric data distinguish candidate species. The best supported model included two morphological clusters; however, these clusters were uneven and did not align with a plausible species divergence scenario. After removing two related traits driving this result, only one cluster was supported. Despite substantial differentiation revealed by genetic data, we recover no new evidence to delimit species and refrain from taxonomic revision. This study highlights the importance of considering other types of data along with molecular data when delimiting species.</p>
A morphometric assessment of species boundaries in a widespread anole lizard (Squamata: Dactyloidae)
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Data from: Ecology of the growth of Anolis nebulosus (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in a seasonal tropical environment in the Chamela region, Jalisco, Mexico
Juvenile growth rates are thought to be restricted by available food resources. In animals that grow throughout the year, such as tropical lizards, growth is therefore predicted to be faster during the rainy season. We test this prediction using a population of Anolis nebulosus by describing the growth trajectories of both sexes using nonlinear regression models, and we then correlate the growth rates of individuals with food available in the environment, precipitation and temperature. The Von Bertalanffy model fit the growth rates of the females better, while the logistic-by-length model fit the males better. According to both models, the males grew faster than females, reaching slightly smaller sizes at adulthood. Males reached sexual maturity when 35 mm long, at an age of seven months, and females matured at 37 mm (SVL), taking nine months to reach this size. In 1989, juvenile males and females grew more in both seasons (rainy and dry) than adults; for 1990 there were no differences by season or between age classes. These results are interesting since in the 1989 and 1990 rainy seasons, practically the same orders of prey and the greatest abundance of prey available in the environment were registered. A possible explanation could be that predation was more intense in 1990 than in 1989. The influence of food, temperature and humidity in A. nebulosus shows little evidence to support our working hypothesis, mainly due to the low growth variation observed in 1990, so, we believe that the growth pattern of this species can be a complex combination of ecological and genetic factors.
FIGURE 3.2 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 3.2. Scatterplots (bars indicate mean ± one standard deviation) showing the variation in selected morphological characters among OTUs. Symbols match those of Figure 2. See text for details.
FIGURE 4 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 4. Discriminant function analysis of OTUs. Symbols match those of Figures 2–3. See text for details.
FIGURE 7 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 7. Designation of nasal scalation types. (A) Type A (SMF 90149); (B) Type B (SMF 92134); (C) Type C (SL 678); (D) Type D (SMF 85264); (E) Type E (SMF 89506); (F) Type F (85272). Scale bars equal 1 mm. See Text for details.
FIGURE 9 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 9. Collection localities of Anolis benedikti (circles) and other members of the A. pachypus complex (A. magnaphallus: squares; A. pachypus: upright triangles; A. pseudopachypus: inverted triangles) in western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica. Hollow symbols represent type localities.
FIGURE 8 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 8. Habitats of Anolis benedikti: (A–C) Pacific slope in Chiriquí province: (A) view over Jurutungo north toward the continental divide (hidden in clouds), the ranges of A. benedikti and A. pachypus meet in the background; (B) forest trail at Jurutungo, one of the lowest collection sites of A. benedikti on the Pacific slope, 2070 m asl; (C) cloud forest near continental divide east of Cerro Pando, 2460 m asl; (D) international border monument on cattle trail along the continental divide, 2450 m asl; (E–H) Caribbean slope in Bocas del Toro province: (E) cloud forest at the type locality, 2310 m asl; (F) cloud forest near the type locality, 2390 m asl; (G) clearing for cattle along tributary to Río Changena, 1810 m asl; (H) Río Changena, the lowest collection site on the Caribbean slope, 1640 m asl.
FIGURE 2 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 2. Geographical distribution of OTUs (see text for details). Squares represent OTU A, diamonds represent OTU B, upright triangles represent OTU C, circles represent OTU D, inverted triangles represent OTU E. Hollow symbols represent the type localities (from west to east) of Anolis tropidolepis, A. pachypus, A. magnaphallus, and A. pseudopachypus.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 6. Head of Holotype (SMF 90149) of Anolis benedikti: (A) lateral (right side), (B) dorsal, and (C) ventral views. Scale bars equal 1 mm.
FIGURE 3.1 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 3.1. Scatterplots (bars indicate mean ± one standard deviation) showing the variation in selected morphological characters among OTUs. Symbols match those of Figure 2. See text for details.
FIGURE 1 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 1. Dewlaps of anoles related to Anolis pachypus from Costa Rica and western Panama, representative of the five OTUs (width of tweezers 3 mm): (A) OTU A (SMF 89729, Sendero La Cascada, Bajo Mono, Chiriquí, Panama); (B) OTU B (GK 2297, road from San José de la Montaña to Birrí, Heredia, Costa Rica); (C) OTU C (GK 2355, road from San Isidro de El General to Cerro de la Muerte, San José, Costa Rica); (D) OTU C (SL 439, Jurutungo, Chiriquí, Panama); (E) OTU C (SL 524, Jurutungo, Chiriquí, Panama); (F) OTU D (SMF 89507, Jurutungo, Chiriquí, Panama); (G) OTU D (SMF 89506, Jurutungo, Chiriquí, Panama); (H) OTU D (SMF 90149, N slope Cerro Pando, Bocas del Toro, Panama); (I) OTU E (SMF 89519, La Nevera, Comarca Ngöbe-Buglé, Panama); (J) OTU E (SL 510, La Nevera, Comarca Ngöbe-Buglé, Panama).
FIGURE 5 in A new species of Anolis (Squamata: Iguania: Dactyloidae) formerly referred to as A. pachypus from the Cordillera de Talamanca of western Panama and adjacent Costa Rica
FIGURE 5. Type specimens of Anolis benedikti in life: (A) male holotype (SMF 90149); (B) male from Jurutungo, SMF 89506; (C–E) female dewlaps: (C) SMF 91506; (D) SL 695; (E) SMF 89746; (F–O) variation in dorsal patterns: (F) SMF 90149, male holotype; (G) SMF 89506, male; (H) SMF 89745, male; (I) SMF 91508, male; (J) SL 202, female; (K) SMF 89746, female, at night; (L) SMF 89746 the next day; (M) SMF 91507, female; (N) SL 686, female; (O) SMF 91505, female.
FIGURE 1 in Anolis boulengerianus Thominot, 1887, a senior synonym of Anolis isthmicus Fitch, 1978 (Squamata: Dactyloidae)
FIGURE 1. Head of a syntype of Anolis boulengerianus (MNHN 6554) in lateral (top), dorsal (middle), and ventral (bottom) view. Scale bar = 5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Anolis boulengerianus Thominot, 1887, a senior synonym of Anolis isthmicus Fitch, 1978 (Squamata: Dactyloidae)
FIGURE 2. Head in dorsal view of (top) a syntype of Anolis boulengerianus (MNHN 6554) and (bottom) a specimen from the general region from where the type series of A. isthmicus was collected (MZFC 19453). Scale bar = 5 mm and 1 mm, respectively.
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