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6 results for “Daphnia ambigua”
Lake water chemistry and population of origin interact to shape fecundity and growth in Daphnia ambigua
<p>Freshwater environments vary widely in ion availability, owing to both natural and anthropogenic drivers. Field and laboratory work point to the importance of overall salinity as well as cation depletion, in shaping the physiology, behavior, and ecology of freshwater taxa. Yet, we currently have a poor understanding of the degree to which populations may vary in response to ion availability. Using <em>Daphnia</em> collected from three lakes that differ greatly in salinity and calcium availability, we conducted a laboratory reciprocal transplant experiment to assess how animals representing these populations vary in fecundity, body size, and survival when reared in lake water from each environment. The lake water environment and population of origin strongly interacted to shape <em>Daphnia</em> growth and reproduction. Surprisingly, we found only modest evidence that lake water with abundant calcium (5.5 mg/L vs. 1.2-2.3 mg/L) increased <em>Daphnia</em> growth or reproduction. In contrast, water from a relatively ion-rich lake (400 µS/cm specific conductance) strongly boosted <em>Daphnia</em> fecundity over lower-ion lake water (20-50 µS/cm), especially for the population originating from the high-ion environment. Our results suggest that ion-poor conditions common in regions around the world may exert stress on freshwater organisms, even for populations inhabiting these environments. Meanwhile, moderate salt enrichment may not prove harmful but could even benefit freshwater taxa in these ion-poor regions. The context dependence of how and when lake water chemistry affects <em>Daphnia</em> and other freshwater taxa deserves greater attention, in both ion-depleted and ion-rich conditions. <em>Daphnia</em> are key members of lake food webs and serve as an important model for ecology, evolution, and toxicology research. Consideration of how lake water chemistry may influence how Daphnia populations respond to abiotic and biotic stress may improve the ability to evaluate and predict ecological and evolutionary dynamics in lakes of varying chemical composition.</p>
Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua
<p>The increasing application of road deicing agents (e.g., NaCl) has caused widespread salinization of freshwater environments. Chronic exposure to toxic NaCl levels can impact freshwater biota at genome to ecosystem scales, yet the degree of harm caused by road salt pollution is likely to vary among habitats and populations. The background water chemistry may strongly impact NaCl toxicity, with greater harm occurring in ion-poor freshwater environments. In addition, populations exposed to salinization may evolve increased NaCl tolerance. We examined the potential for these two factors, genetics and environmental context, to interact in shaping NaCl toxicity in natural populations of the water flea <em>Daphnia</em> <em>ambigua</em>. We performed a reciprocal transplant toxicity trial using <em>Daphnia</em> clones from three lakes varying in ion availability. NaCl toxicity greatly increased in calcium-poor (1.7 mg/L) lake water compared with a high-calcium (7.2 mg/L) environment, especially for <em>Daphnia</em> from the high-calcium lake. Meanwhile, <em>Daphnia</em> from an ion-rich lake showed evidence of adaptation to NaCl exposure, especially in their natal lake water. Our findings that the lake water environment, adaptation to that environment, and adaptation to a contaminant of interest may interact to shape toxicity demonstrate the importance of considering environmental and genetic complexity in mitigating pollution impacts.</p>
Lake water chemistry and local adaptation shape NaCl toxicity in Daphnia ambigua
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Lake water chemistry and population of origin interact to shape fecundity and growth in Daphnia ambigua
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Data from: Maladaptation to acute metal exposure in resurrected Daphnia ambigua clones after decades of increasing contamination
Human environmental impacts have driven some of the strongest and fastest phenotypic changes recorded in wild animal populations. Across populations, this variation is often adaptive, as populations evolve fitness advantages in response to human-modified environments. Yet some populations fail to adapt to changing environments. Evidenced by declines in relative fitness, such seemingly maladaptive outcomes are less common, but may be more likely in human modified contexts. Further, our ability to investigate the dynamics of these adaptive and maladaptive responses over time is typically limited in natural systems. I combined resurrection ecology and paleolimnology approaches to examine evolutionary responses of the freshwater zooplankter Daphnia to exposure to heavy metal contamination over the past 50-75 years using animals hatched from diapausing egg banks. In contrast to the predicted trend of adaptation to metal exposure over time, I observed an increase in sensitivity to both copper and cadmium exposure associated with increasing historic contamination. This potentially maladaptive trend occurred in Daphnia populations in three lakes. Given that the release of toxicants such as heavy metals is widespread and other researchers have observed local maladaptation to toxicant exposure, it is important to understand the drivers and implications of this pattern.
Data from: Maladaptation to acute metal exposure in resurrected Daphnia ambigua clones after decades of increasing contamination
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