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13 results for “Daphnia galeata”
Insights into the genetic basis of predator-induced response in Daphnia galeata
<p>Phenotypic plastic responses allow organisms to rapidly adjust when facing environmental challenges - these responses comprise morphological, behavioral but also life-history changes. Alteration of life-history traits when exposed to predation risk have been reported often in the ecological and genomic model organism <i>Daphnia</i>. However, the molecular basis of this response is not well understood, especially in the context of fish predation. Here, we characterized the transcriptional profiles of two <i>Daphnia galeata</i> clonal lines with opposed life histories when exposed to fish kairomones. First, we conducted a differential gene expression, identifying a total of 125 candidate transcripts involved in the predator-induced response, uncovering substantial intra-specific variation. Second, we applied a gene co-expression network analysis to find clusters of tightly linked transcripts revealing the functional relations of transcripts underlying the predator-induced response. Our results showed that transcripts involved in remodeling of the cuticle, growth and digestion correlated with the response to environmental change in <i>D. galeata</i>. Furthermore, we used an orthology-based approach to gain functional information for transcripts lacking gene ontology (GO) information, as well as insights into the evolutionary conservation of transcripts. We could show that our candidate transcripts have orthologs in other <i>Daphnia</i> species but almost none in other arthropods. The unique combination of methods allowed us to identify candidate transcripts, their putative functions and evolutionary history associated with predator-induced responses in <i>Daphnia</i>. Our study opens up to the question as to whether the same molecular signature is associated with fish kairomones-mediated life-history changes in other <i>Daphnia</i> species.</p>
Hybridization dynamics and extensive introgression in the Daphnia longispina species complex: new insights from a high-quality Daphnia galeata reference genome
<p>Supplementary data for the Genome Biology and Evolution paper <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evab267">10.1093/gbe/evab267</a></p>
Insights into the genetic basis of predator-induced response in Daphnia galeata
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Data from: Contrasting patterns of divergence at the regulatory and sequence level in European Daphnia galeata natural populations
Understanding the genetic basis of local adaptation has long been the focus of evolutionary biology. Recently there has been increased interest in deciphering the evolutionary role of Daphnia's plasticity and the molecular mechanisms of local adaptation. Using transcriptome data, we assessed the differences in gene expression profiles and sequences within and between four European Daphnia galeata populations. To distinguish neutral from adaptive differentiation, we corrected for phylogenetic differentiation of Daphnia populations. We also applied a "transcriptome scan" approach to investigate the role of natural selection in shaping divergent expression profiles among populations. Furthermore, a SNP analysis allowed inferring population structure and the distribution of genetic variation. Using sequence information, the transcripts were annotated using a comparative genomics approach. In total, ~33% of 32903 transcripts were differentially expressed between populations. Among 10280 differentially expressed transcripts, 5209 transcripts deviated from neutral expectations and were likely involved in local adaptation. The population divergence at the sequence level was higher than at the gene expression level by several orders of magnitude and revealed very distinct clusters according to population origin. Our analysis revealed the respective roles of genetic drift and selection in the four Daphnia populations. This study is a first attempt to understand the genetic background of adaptation to environmental changes in a key species of aquatic ecosystems in absence of any laboratory induced stressor.
FIGURE 2 in Invasion of a Holarctic planktonic cladoceran Daphnia galeata Sars (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Lower Lakes of South Australia
FIGURE 2. Morphology of Daphnia (Daphnia) galeata from Lake Albert (A-B) and Lake Alexandrina (C-F), South Australia. A, invader D. galeata (1) together with two indigenous taxa, D. lumholtzi (2) and D. cf. carinata (3). B, anterior body half. C- D, two different females. E, head. F, postabdomen. Scale bar 0.1 mm (except of A).
FIGURE 1 in Invasion of a Holarctic planktonic cladoceran Daphnia galeata Sars (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Lower Lakes of South Australia
FIGURE 1. Sampled water bodies in Australia. A–B, position of the Lower Lakes in Australia. C-D, recent state of Lake Albert. E, Lake Alexandrina at Tauwitcherie barrage during the 2001-2010 drought. Look at the water level of these two lakes. B, from Google Earth; E, courtesy of the ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation).
FIGURE 4 in Invasion of a Holarctic planktonic cladoceran Daphnia galeata Sars (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Lower Lakes of South Australia
FIGURE 4. Split network of haplotypes of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in Daphnia galeata.
FIGURE 3 in Invasion of a Holarctic planktonic cladoceran Daphnia galeata Sars (Crustacea: Cladocera) in the Lower Lakes of South Australia
FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood tree of the subgenus Daphnia (Daphnia) based on combined data on the 12S + 16S mitochondrial gene sequences, with D. (Ctenodaphnia) magna as an outgroup. The support values of individual nodes are based on: Maximum likelihood (ML)/ Maximum Parsimony (MP)/Bayesian Inference (BI).
Data from: Contrasting patterns of divergence at the regulatory and sequence level in European Daphnia galeata natural populations
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Data from: Genetic structure of Daphnia galeata populations in Eastern China
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Data from: Daphnia galeata and D. dentifera are geographically and ecologically separated whereas their hybrids occur in intermediate habitats: a survey of 44 Chinese lakes
The idea that hybridization promotes range expansion has received recent attention, but support from field studies is limited. We hypothesized that in the cladoceran waterflea Daphnia, parental species are geographically and ecologically separated, whereas hybrids occupy intermediate or occasionally extreme environments, potentially facilitating range expansion of parental species. We assessed the distribution of Daphnia dentifera, D. galeata and their interspecific hybrids across 44 lakes in China (using mitochondrial and microsatellite markers), and related it to geographical and environmental lake descriptors. Parental species were geographically separated: D. dentifera occurred in western and central China, and D. galeata in eastern and central China, whereas hybrids were found in the western and central parts of country. However, after controlling for geographical differences, the effect of environment on species distribution was strong and significant. Specifically, D. dentifera was present in high-altitude oligotrophic lakes, D. galeata in low-altitude eutrophic lakes, and hybrids at intermediate to high altitudes, mainly in mesotrophic lakes. Microsatellite data indicated that hybrids were locally produced rather than having migrated from elsewhere; they probably resulted from encounters between expanding D. galeata and resident D. dentifera. The present study provides evidence that hybrids can survive in habitats that are otherwise suitable for only one of their parental species, emphasizing the importance of hybridization in expansion of species gene pools.
Data from: Extreme environments facilitate hybrid superiority - the story of a successful Daphnia galeata × longispina hybrid clone
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Data from: Daphnia galeata and D. dentifera are geographically and ecologically separated whereas their hybrids occur in intermediate habitats: a survey of 44 Chinese lakes
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